Magnetoencephalography Demonstrates Multiple Asynchronous Generators During Human Sleep Spindles
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Sleep spindles are approximately 1 s bursts of 10-16 Hz activity that occur during stage 2 sleep. Spindles are highly synchronous across the cortex and thalamus in animals, and across the scalp in humans, implying correspondingly widespread and synchronized cortical generators. However, prior studies have noted occasional dissociations of the magnetoencephalogram (MEG) from the EEG during spindles, although detailed studies of this phenomenon have been lacking. We systematically compared high-density MEG and EEG recordings during naturally occurring spindles in healthy humans. As expected, EEG was highly coherent across the scalp, with consistent topography across spindles. In contrast, the simultaneously recorded MEG was not synchronous, but varied strongly in amplitude and phase across locations and spindles. Overall, average coherence between pairs of EEG sensors was approximately 0.7, whereas MEG coherence was approximately 0.3 during spindles. Whereas 2 principle components explained approximately 50% of EEG spindle variance, >15 were required for MEG. Each PCA component for MEG typically involved several widely distributed locations, which were relatively coherent with each other. These results show that, in contrast to current models based on animal experiments, multiple asynchronous neural generators are active during normal human sleep spindles and are visible to MEG. It is possible that these multiple sources may overlap sufficiently in different EEG sensors to appe…
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In the neocortex, single spindles typically express as local phenomena and are restricted to specific regions and circuits, regardless of whether or not they are synchronized in phase with central thalamic spindle generation.
“Importantly, this research revealed that in the neocortex, single spindles typically express as a local phe-nomena and are restricted to specific regions and circuits, regardless of whether or not they are synchronized in phase with central thalamic spindle generation.”
From About Sleep's Role in Memory (2013) · cites this paper as [276]
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- Authors
- Dehghani, N., Cash, S. S., Rossetti, A. O., Chen, C. C., & Halgren, E.
- Affiliations
- Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (FR)
- Harvard University (US)
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CH)
- National Taiwan University Hospital (TW)
- University of California San Diego (US)
- Corresponding author
- Halgren, Eric
- Venue
- Journal of Neurophysiology
- Publisher
- American Physiological Society
- Published
- 2010-07
- Volume
- 104
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 179-188
- ISSN
- 0022-3077 (ISSN-L)
- 1522-1598
- PMC
- PMC2904206
- OpenAlex
- W2157379194
- Cited by
- 66
- References
- 45
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 1 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 5 · 2012: 8
- FWCI
- 4.06
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of Neurophysiology (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- HAL (submittedVersion)
- IRIS (submittedVersion)
- SERVAL (Université de Lausanne) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NS-44623, NS 18741, R01NS044623, R01NS018741)
- National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (R01EB009282, EB009282)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Sleep and Wakefulness Research
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural dynamics and brain function
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › EEG and Brain-Computer Interfaces
- Keywords
- sleep spindles, stage 2 sleep, thalamocortical system, matrix systems, cortical synchronization
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Cortical Synchronization, Data Interpretation, Statistical, Electroencephalography, Female, Humans, Male, Sleep Stages, Magnetoencephalography, Principal Component Analysis, Young Adult
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