The DOI matches its Crossref record; 45 of the 45 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Orbitofrontal cortex neurons: role in olfactory and visual association learning
Abstract
1. The orbitofrontal cortex is implicated in the rapid learning of new associations between visual stimuli and primary reinforcers such as taste. It is also the site of convergence of information from olfactory, gustatory, and visual modalities. To investigate the neuronal mechanisms underlying the formation of odor-taste associations, we made recordings from olfactory neurons in the orbitofrontal cortex during the performance of an olfactory discrimination task and its reversal in macaques. 2. It was found that 68% of odor-responsive neurons modified their responses after the changes in the taste reward associations of the odorants. Full reversal of the neuronal responses was seen in 25% of these neurons. Extinction of the differential neuronal responses after task reversal was seen in 43% of these neurons. 3. For comparison, visually responsive orbitofrontal neurons were tested during reversal of a visual discrimination task. Seventy-one percent of these visual cells showed rapid full reversal of the visual stimulus to which they responded, when the association of the visual with taste was reversed in the reversal task. 4. These demonstrate that of many orbitofrontal cortex olfactory neurons on the taste with which the odor is associated. 5. This modification is likely to be important for setting the motivational value of olfactory for feeding and other rewarded behavior. However, it is less complete, and much slower, than the modifications found or orbit frontal visual during visual-taste reversal. This relative inflexibility of olfactory responses is consistent with the need for some stability is odor-taste associations to facilitate the formation and perception of flavors.
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“In visual discrimination reversal experiments, neurons in the macaque OFC reverse the visual stimulus in as little as one trial when the reward versus punishment taste received as an outcome for the choice reverses (Thorpe et al., 1983; Rolls et al., 1996).”
From The orbitofrontal cortex: reward, emotion and depression (2020) · cites this paper as Rolls et al., 1996
In the citing paper
“These neurons do not respond to expected punishers [e.g. the discriminative stimulus for saline in Fig. 4C; (Thorpe et al., 1983)], but other neurons do respond to expected punishers (Rolls et al., 1996), showing that non-reward and punishment are represented by different neurons in the OFC.”
From The orbitofrontal cortex: reward, emotion and depression (2020) · cites this paper as Rolls et al., 1996
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Cites
Rolls, E. T., Hornak, J., Wade, D., & McGrath, J. (1994) · Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry · doi:10.1136/jnnp.57.12.1518 · Cited by 1,005
Self-citationArchitecture and intrinsic connections of the prefrontal cortex in the rhesus monkey
Barbas, H., & Pandya, D. Ν. (1989) · The Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.902860306 · Cited by 937
Limbic lesions and the problem of stimulus--reinforcement associations.
Jones, B., & Mishkin, M. (1972) · Experimental Neurology · doi:10.1016/0014-4886(72)90030-1 · Cited by 864
The orbitofrontal cortex: Neuronal activity in the behaving monkey
Thorpe, S. J., Rolls, E. T., & Maddison, S. (1983) · Experimental Brain Research · doi:10.1007/bf00235545 · Cited by 836
Self-citationIversen, S., & Mishkin, M. (1970) · Experimental Brain Research · doi:10.1007/bf00237911 · Cited by 767
Hornak, J., Rolls, E. T., & Wade, D. (1996) · Neuropsychologia · doi:10.1016/0028-3932(95)00106-9 · Cited by 735
Self-citationFunctional localization and lateralization of human olfactory cortex
Zatorre, R. J., Jones‐Gotman, M., Evans, A. C., & Meyer, E. (1992) · Nature · doi:10.1038/360339a0 · Cited by 682
Glass-coated platinum-plated tungsten microelectrodes
Merrill, E. G., & Ainsworth, A. (1972) · Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing · doi:10.1007/bf02476084 · Cited by 592
Gustatory, olfactory, and visual convergence within the primate orbitofrontal cortex
Rolls, E., & Baylis, L. (1994) · The Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.14-09-05437.1994 · Cited by 587
Self-citationCytoarchitecture and neural afferents of orbitofrontal cortex in the brain of the monkey
Morecraft, R. J., Geula, C., & Mesulam, M. ‐. (1992) · Journal of Comparative Neurology · doi:10.1002/cne.903230304 · Cited by 539
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Aston-Jones, G., & Cohen, J. D. (2005) · Annual Review of Neuroscience · doi:10.1146/annurev.neuro.28.061604.135709 · Cited by 4,472
Predictive reward signal of dopamine neurons
Schultz, W. (1998) · Journal of Neurophysiology · doi:10.1152/jn.1998.80.1.1 · Cited by 4,564
The FAB: A frontal assessment battery at bedside
Dubois, B., Slachevsky, A., Litvan, I., & Pillon, B. (2000) · Neurology · doi:10.1212/wnl.55.11.1621 · Cited by 3,913
The brain basis of emotion: a meta-analytic review
Lindquist, K. A., Wager, T. D., Kober, H., Bliss-Moreau, E., & Barrett, L. F. (2012) · Behavioral and Brain Sciences · doi:10.1017/s0140525x11000446 · Cited by 2,320
“…with the idea that the OFC unites internal and external sensory information, the lOFC and the mOFC have been linked to associative learning (Rolls et al. 1994; 1996) decision making (e.g., Bechara et al. 1996; 2000; Koenigs et al. 2007) and reversal learning, in which the reward values…”
BackgroundAbstract reward and punishment representations in the human orbitofrontal cortex
O'Doherty, J., Kringelbach, M. L., Rolls, E. T., Hornak, J., & Andrews, C. (2001) · Nature Neuroscience · doi:10.1038/82959 · Cited by 2,003
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Metadata
- Authors
- Rolls, E. T., Critchley, H. D., Mason, R., & Wakeman, E. A.
- Affiliations
- University of Oxford (GB)
- Venue
- Journal of Neurophysiology
- Publisher
- American Physiological Society
- Published
- 1996-05-01
- Volume
- 75
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 1970-1981
- ISSN
- 0022-3077 (ISSN-L)
- 1522-1598
- OpenAlex
- W1959149129
- Cited by
- 398
- References
- 45
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 12 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 7 · 2012: 14
- FWCI
- 5.69
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Neurophysiology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Sensory Systems › Olfactory and Sensory Function Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Keywords
- orbitofrontal cortex, odor discrimination, visual discrimination, reversal learning, extinction, olfactory sensory neurons, visual neurons, flavor perception, macaque, single-unit recording
- MeSH terms
- Acoustic Stimulation, Animals, Association Learning, Behavior, Animal, Cerebral Cortex, Discrimination, Psychological, Macaca fascicularis, Microelectrodes, Neural Pathways, Neurons, Odorants, Orbit, Photic Stimulation, Radiography, Reinforcement, Psychology, Smell, Vision, Ocular
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