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Tbx3 Is a Downstream Target of the Wnt/β-Catenin Pathway and a Critical Mediator of β-Catenin Survival Functions in Liver Cancer
Published version of a preprint
Abstract
Tbx3 encodes a transcriptional repressor that is important for diverse patterning events during development, and Tbx3 mutation in humans causes the ulnar-mammary syndrome. Here, we describe the identification of Tbx3 in array-based search for genes downstream Wnt/β-catenin that are implicated in liver tumorigenesis. Overexpression of Tbx3 is closely associated with the mutational status of β-catenin in murine liver tumors induced by Myc as well as in human hepatocellular carcinomas and hepatoblastomas. Moreover, Tbx3 transcription is activated by ectopic expression of β-catenin in mouse liver and in human tumor cell lines. Evidence that Tbx3 transcription is directly regulated by β-catenin is provided by chromatin immunoprecipitation and reporter assays. Although HepG2 cells stably transfected with Tbx3 display moderately enhanced growth rate, the dominant negative mutant Tbx3-Y149S drastically inhibits hepatoma cell growth in vitro and in vivo. Moreover, small interfering RNAs (siRNA) directed against Tbx3 inhibit anchorage-independent growth of liver and colon carcinoma cells. We further show that inhibition of Tbx3 expression by specific siRNAs blocks β-catenin–mediated cell survival and renders cells sensitive to doxorubicin-induced apoptosis. Conversely, ectopic expression of Tbx3 inhibits apoptosis induced by β-catenin depletion. Marked overexpression of Tbx3 in a subset of hepatoblastomas is associated with chemotherapy-resistant phenotype and unfavorable patient outcome. These results reveal an unsuspected role of Tbx3 as a mediator of β-catenin activities on cell proliferation and survival and as an important player in liver tumorigenesis. [Cancer Res 2007;67(3):901–10]
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Self-citationThe roles and regulation of TBX3 in development and disease
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Self-citationActivating CAR and β-catenin induces uncontrolled liver growth and tumorigenesis
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“The upregulated genes also include at least 10 known or candidate β -catenin targets, such as the ephrin receptor EFB2 43 and the T-Box transcriptional repressor TBX3 44 , and also the Wnt pathway components LEF1 and TCF7.”
Role of Cyclin D1 as a Mediator of c-Met– and β-Catenin–Induced Hepatocarcinogenesis
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“Other targets of h-catenin include Tbx3 (38) and Gpr49 (39), both found to be up-regulated in liver tumors induced by hMet/h-catenin.”
BackgroundInfluentialWnt/β-Catenin Pathway in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Pathogenesis and Liver Physiology
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“Tcf/β-catenin can directly activate Tbx3, and while the mechanism is less well defined, Tbx3 mutant mice display full secondary CP (López et al., 2018; Renard et al., 2007).”
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“Although the T-box proteins are thought to be regulated downstream of WNT and/or BMP signaling pathways (Renard et al., 2007), the signaling cascades that regulate the transcriptional activity or other events downstream of the T-box proteins are not fully understood.”
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“[128] established that TBX3 mediates the pro-proliferative activity of the β-catenin signalling pathway in liver and colon cancer cells where the Wnt/β-catenin”
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“Other antiapoptotic genes that were dependent on WT1 expression included the transcriptional repressor Tbx3 (28) and IGFBP1 (29), both recently described to enhance the survival of HCC cells, and the immediate early response gene X-1, a stress-inducible gene that codes for an intracellular membrane-associated protein…”
BackgroundInfluentialMicroRNA-137 represses Klf4 and Tbx3 during differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells
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“…notion, as Klf4, Tbx3, and LSD1 are highly expressed in undifferentiated ES cells and inmany forms of cancers (Fillmore et al., 2010; Hayami et al., 2011; Lim et al., 2010; Lomnytska et al., 2006; Lv et al., 2012; Renard et al., 2007; Schulte et al., 2009; Vance et al., 2005; Wei et al., 2010).”
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“It has been shown that a consensus TCF4 binding element (TBE) is presented in the target genes of b-catenin/TCF4 complex [29,30,31].”
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“As APC is required for degrading cytosolic (soluble) b-catenin, which is an important mediator of cell proliferation and survival [21], our findings provides a mechanistic explanation for this phenomenon.”
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“Studies have shown that Tbx3 can suppress apoptosis and promote cell proliferation in a variety of cell lines and organs [39–42], suggesting an important role in inhibiting the regression of forelimb interdigital tissues and promoting the growth of wing membranes in bats.”
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“Other targets such as cyclin D1 and the transcriptional repressor TBX3 might be involved in the growthpromoting and anti-apoptotic effects of Wnt in the liver, and both factors have been associated with unfavorable prognosis (27, 33, 34).”
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“Wnt signaling has also been shown to play a major role in regulating mammary gland development [27].”
BackgroundAcquaah-Mensah, G. K., Malhotra, D., Vulimiri, M., McDermott, J., & Biswal, S. S. (2012) · PLoS Computational Biology · doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1002597 · Cited by 28
“TBX2 and its close relative, TBX3, negatively regulate cell cycle control genes and CDKNs, specifically CDKN2A, CDKN2B, and CDKN1A [51,53] and are often upregulated in several cancers [53,80,85].”
BackgroundBovo, S., Schiavo, G., Kazemi, H., Moscatelli, G., Ribani, A., Ballan, M., Bonacini, M., Prandi, M., Dall’Olio, S., & Fontanesi, L. (2021) · Animal Genetics · doi:10.1111/age.13109 · Cited by 34
“2004; Renard et al .”
BackgroundKranc, K. R., Oliveira, D. V., Armesilla-Diaz, A., Pacheco-Leyva, I., Matias, A. C., Escapa, A. L., Subramani, C., Wheadon, H., Trindade, M., Nichols, J., et al. (2014) · Stem Cells · doi:10.1002/stem.1889 · Cited by 30
The role of T-box genes in the tumorigenesis and progression of cancer
Chang, F., Xing, P., Song, F., Du, X., Wang, G., Chen, K., & Yang, J. (2016) · Oncology Letters · doi:10.3892/ol.2016.5296 · Cited by 31
“Using ChIP and reporter assays, a previous study identified TBX3 as a direct downstream regulatory target gene of the Wnt/ β -catenin signaling pathway that has been implicated in hepatocarcinogenesis (60).”
InfluentialZhang, J., He, M., Dong, Q., Xie, W., Chen, Y., Lin, M. C. M., Leung, P., Zhang, Y., & Kung, H. (2010) · Integrative Cancer Therapies · doi:10.1177/1534735410373921 · Cited by 28
“These findings were consistent with the previous reports in other cancer cells.(16) To demonstrate whether there were direct interactions between the effect of apoptosis and the downregulation of Tbx3 expression, we performed reporter assays.”
BackgroundResultWnt/β-Catenin Signaling Maintains the Mesenchymal Precursor Pool for Murine Sinus Horn Formation
Norden, J., Greulich, F., Rudat, C., Taketo, M. M., & Kispert, A. (2011) · Circulation Research · doi:10.1161/circresaha.111.245340 · Cited by 27
Non-Canonical Functions of the ARF Tumor Suppressor in Development and Tumorigenesis
Lаgopati, N., Belogiannis, K., Angelopoulou, A., Papaspyropoulos, A., & Gorgoulis, V. G. (2021) · Biomolecules · doi:10.3390/biom11010086 · Cited by 30
“Moreover, TBX3, which was also identified as a downstream target of the Wnt pathway and a pivotal mediator of β-catenindependent proliferation and survival in liver tumorigenesis [91], was also found to be upregulated in breast cancer where it represses ARF expression by interacting with histone deacetylases [92].”
BackgroundWnt signaling regulates hepatocyte cell division by a transcriptional repressor cascade
Jin, Y., Anbarchian, T., Wu, P., Sarkar, A., Fish, M., Peng, W. C., & Nusse, R. (2022) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.2203849119 · Cited by 26
“In hepatic tumor cells with activating β-catenin mutations, Tbx3 is overexpressed and mediates cell proliferation and survival (25).”
BackgroundGenetic and genomic analysis of hyperthelia in Brown Swiss cattle
Butty, A. M., Frischknecht, M., Gredler, B., Neuenschwander, S., Moll, J., Bieber, A., Baes, C. F., & Seefried, F. R. (2016) · Journal of Dairy Science · doi:10.3168/jds.2016-11420 · Cited by 25
“The protein encoded by TBX3 is also a downstream target of the canonical Wnt pathway (Renard et al., 2007).”
BackgroundThe Time-Resolved Genomic Impact of WNT/ β-Catenin Signaling
Pagella, P., Söderholm, S., Nordin, A., Zambanini, G., Ghezzi, V., Jauregi‐Miguel, A., & Cantù, C. (2022) · Cell Systems · doi:10.1016/j.cels.2023.06.004 · Cited by 29
Li, X., Ruan, X., Zhang, P., Yu, Y., Gao, M., Yuan, S., Zhao, Z., Yang, J., & Zhao, L. (2018) · Oncogene · doi:10.1038/s41388-017-0090-2 · Cited by 28
“catenin pathway induced TBX3 expression which, in turn, mediates β-catenin function [19].”
BackgroundShen, J., Lu, J., Sui, L., Wang, D., Yin, M., Hoffmann, I., Legler, A., & Pflugfelder, G. O. (2014) · Oncotarget · doi:10.18632/oncotarget.2426 · Cited by 22
“Importantly, small differences in TBX expression can correlate with drastic differences in patient survival [12].”
Ji, X., Chen, X., Zhang, B., Xie, M., Zhang, T., Luo, X., Liu, D., Feng, Y., Wang, Y., Sun, M., et al. (2022) · Oncogene · doi:10.1038/s41388-022-02249-2 · Cited by 21
“It normally promotes HCC growth and metastasis regulated by the Wnt/ β-catenin pathway [18, 19].”
BackgroundLiu, Y., El‐Serag, H. B., Jiao, L., Lee, J., Moore, D. D., Franco, L. M., Tavakoli–Tabasi, S., Tsavachidis, S., Kuzniarek, J., Ramsey, D. J., et al. (2013) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0084407 · Cited by 21
“TBX3 is a downstream target of the Wnt signaling pathway and a critical mediator of Wnt activities on cell proliferation and survival [28], with TBX3 overexpression well-documented in liver tumorigenesis [29].”
BackgroundWillmer, T., Cooper, A., Sims, D., Govender, D., & Prince, S. (2016) · Oncogenesis · doi:10.1038/oncsis.2016.11 · Cited by 21
Lu, A., Kamkar, M., Chu, C., Wang, J., Gaudet, K., Chen, Y., Lin, L. E., Liu, W., Marbán, E., & Liang, W. (2019) · Canadian Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.cjca.2019.09.019 · Cited by 20
Kavak, E., Najafov, A., Öztürk, N., Şeker, T., Cavusoglu, K., Aslan, T., Duru, A. D., Saygılı, T., Hoxhaj, G., Hiz, M. C., et al. (2010) · Cellular Signalling · doi:10.1016/j.cellsig.2010.05.021 · Cited by 22
Putative Breast Cancer Driver Mutations in TBX3 Cause Impaired Transcriptional Repression
Fischer, K. H., & Pflugfelder, G. O. (2015) · Frontiers in Oncology · doi:10.3389/fonc.2015.00244 · Cited by 21
Ballim, R. D., Mendelsohn, C. L., Papaioannou, V. E., & Prince, S. (2012) · Molecular Biology of the Cell · doi:10.1091/mbc.e11-09-0790 · Cited by 20
“It has been shown to promote self-renewal of embryonic stem cells through up-regulation of the pluripotency factor Nanog (Ivanova et al., 2006; Niwa et al., 2009), and when coexpressed with Oct4, Sox2, and Klf4, Tbx3 improves the ability of induced pluripotent stem cells to colonize germ tissues…”
BackgroundKunasegaran, K., Ho, V., Chang, T. H. T., De Silva, D., Bakker, M. L., Christoffels, V. M., & Pietersen, A. M. (2014) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0110191 · Cited by 18
“Tbx3 is likely to play a role in adult tissues as well, because Tbx3 has been implicated as an oncogene [23,24] and was found overexpressed in cell lines from several cancer types, including melanoma and hepatoma [24,25].”
BackgroundHealing Efficacy of fracture-targeted GSK3β inhibitor-loaded Micelles for Improved Fracture Repair
Low, S. A., Galliford, C. V., Jones‐Hall, Y., et al. (2017) · Nanomedicine · doi:10.2217/nnm-2016-0340 · Cited by 18
Sekine, S., Ogawa, R., Ojima, H., & Kanai, Y. (2011) · Histopathology · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2559.2011.03798.x · Cited by 17
How the pterosaur got its wings
Tokita, M. (2014) · Biological reviews/Biological reviews of the Cambridge Philosophical Society · doi:10.1111/brv.12150 · Cited by 16
“Also, Tbx3 can promote cell proliferation in a variety of cell lines and organs (Carlson et al., 2002; Ito et al., 2005; Renard et al., 2007; Esmailpour & Huang, 2012), implying a role in promoting the growth of wing membranes in bats.”
BackgroundPluripotency Factors on Their Lineage Move
Weidgang, C. E., Seufferlein, T. T. W., Kleger, A., & Mueller, M. (2015) · Stem Cells International · doi:10.1155/2016/6838253 · Cited by 17
TBX3, a downstream target of TGF-β1, inhibits mesangial cell apoptosis
Wensing, L. A., & Campos, A. H. (2014) · Experimental Cell Research · doi:10.1016/j.yexcr.2014.08.022 · Cited by 15
Zhang, Z., Wu, Y., Fu, J., Yu, X., Su, Y., Jia, S., Cheng, H., Shen, Y., He, X., Ren, K., et al. (2024) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-024-48173-9 · Cited by 14
Study on the roles of β-catenin in hydrogen peroxide-induced senescence in human skin fibroblasts
Tian, L., Xie, H., Xiao, X., et al. (2011) · Experimental Dermatology · doi:10.1111/j.1600-0625.2011.01324.x · Cited by 14
The oncoprotein TBX3 is controlling severity in experimental arthritis
Sardar, S., Kerr, A., Vaartjes, D., Moltved, E. R., Karosiene, E., Gupta, R., & Andersson, Å. (2019) · Arthritis Research & Therapy · doi:10.1186/s13075-018-1797-3 · Cited by 13
“Renard CA, Labalette C, Armengol C, Cougot D, Wei Y, Cairo S, et al. Tbx3 is a downstream target of the Wnt/β-catenin pathway and a critical mediator of β-catenin survival functions in liver cancer.”
BackgroundSmith, J. A. H., Mowla, S., & Prince, S. (2011) · Gene · doi:10.1016/j.gene.2011.07.013 · Cited by 13
The NF-Y complex negatively regulates Caenorhabditis elegans tbx-2 expression
Milton, A. C., Packard, A. V., Clary, L. M., et al. (2013) · Developmental Biology · doi:10.1016/j.ydbio.2013.08.001 · Cited by 13
“These have identified Wnt/ß-catenin and BMP/Smad signaling pathways, the cell cycle regulators PML and E2F4, and the Nuclear Factor Y (NF-Y) complex as regulators of T-box gene expression (Martin et al., 2012; Renard et al., 2007; Smith et al., 2011; Teng et al., 2008; Zhang et al., 2011).”
Genetic and functional analysis of the TBX3 gene promoter in indirect inguinal hernia
Zhao, Z., Tian, W., Wang, L., Wang, H., Qin, X., Xing, Q., Pang, S., & Yan, B. (2014) · Gene · doi:10.1016/j.gene.2014.10.031 · Cited by 14
Feng, X., Yao, W., Zhang, Z., Yuan, F., Liang, L., Zhou, J., Liu, S., & Song, J. (2018) · Oncology Research Featuring Preclinical and Clinical Cancer Therapeutics · doi:10.3727/096504017x15145624664031 · Cited by 13
RetractedThe c-Myc/AKT1/TBX3 Axis Is Important to Target in the Treatment of Embryonal Rhabdomyosarcoma
Sims, D., Maranyane, H. M., Damerell, V., Govender, D., Isaacs, A. W., Peres, J., & Prince, S. (2020) · Cancers · doi:10.3390/cancers12020501 · Cited by 13
“For example, TBX3 bypasses senescence by repressing p14/p19ARF in breast cancer and promotes proliferation by repressing p21WAFI/CIPI/SDII (referred to as p21) in chondrosarcoma, p57KIP2 in papillary thyroid carcinoma, or phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN) in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma [24,28,30,31].”
BackgroundResultPflugfelder, G. O. (2008) · Journal of Neurogenetics · doi:10.1080/01677060802471619 · Cited by 13
“In several cases, TBX2/3 ampification correlated with the invasiveness, malignancy, or chemotherapy resistance of tumors (Adem et al., 2004; Lyng et al., 2006; Renard et al., 2007).”
BackgroundResultOverexpression of Tbx3 Predicts Poor Prognosis of Patients with Resectable Pancreatic Carcinoma
Wang, H.-C., Meng, Q.-C., Shan, Z.-Z., Yuan, Z., & Huang, X.-Y. (2015) · Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention · doi:10.7314/apjcp.2015.16.4.1397 · Cited by 12
“In addition, accumulating evidence suggests that Tbx3 was also associated with clinicopathological features and poor prognosis in many malignant tumors (Renard et al., 2007; Rodriguez et al., 2008; Li et al., 2013; Du et al., 2014).”
BackgroundMonitoring of deiodinase deficiency based on transcriptomic responses in SH-SY5Y cells
Song, M., Song, M., Choi, H., & Ryu, J. (2013) · Archives of Toxicology · doi:10.1007/s00204-013-1018-4 · Cited by 12
Aicher, S., Kakkanas, A., Cohen, L., et al. (2018) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-018-29078-2 · Cited by 12
Takeuchi, A., Asano, N., Imatani, A., Saito, M., Jin, X., Saito, M., Kanno, T., Hatta, W., Uno, K., Koike, T., et al. (2022) · Cancer Research Communications · doi:10.1158/2767-9764.crc-22-0084 · Cited by 13
“…previous report which showed The intensified Wnt/ β -catenin signaling seen in the aged gastric organoids resulting from decreased Dkk3 expression led to induction of the transcription factor Tbx3, which is a Wnt/ β -catenin signaling target gene involved in the survival of liver cancer cells (33).”
Chen, Y., Yao, G., Sun, B., Zhang, C., Tommasini, S. M., & Insogna, K. L. (2014) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.m113.499210 · Cited by 12
“Relatively little is known about the transcriptional regulation of Tbx3 expression, although it has been reported that Wnt signaling and protein kinase C activation increase its expression (35, 36).”
BackgroundExpression of TBX3 in Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Its Clinical Implication
Li, Z., Wang, Y., Duan, S., Shi, Y., Li, S., Zhang, X., & Ren, J. (2018) · Medical Science Monitor · doi:10.12659/msm.909378 · Cited by 11
“model [25] and a cell experiment [26] have found that TBX3 is a downstream target of the Wnt/b-catenin pathway and an important mediator of b-catenin function in HCC.”
BackgroundNOTUM promotes thermogenic capacity and protects against diet-induced obesity in male mice
Guo, F., Seldin, M. M., Péterfy, M., Charugundla, S., Zhou, Z., Lee, S. D., Mouton, A., Rajbhandari, P., Zhang, W., Pellegrini, M. A., et al. (2021) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-021-95720-1 · Cited by 10
Metadata
- Authors
- Renard, C.-A., Labalette, C., Armengol, C., Cougot, D., Wei, Y., Cairo, S., Pineau, P., Neuveut, C., de Reyniès, A., Dejean, A., Perret, C., & Buendia, M.-A.
- Affiliations
- 1Institut National de la Sante et de la Recherche Medicale, U579;
- Inserm (FR)
- 4Ligue Nationale contre le Cancer;
- ORCID
- Venue
- Cancer Research
- Published
- 2007-02-01
- Volume
- 67
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 901-910
- ISSN
- 0008-5472 (ISSN-L)
- 1538-7445
- OpenAlex
- W2142575284
- Cited by
- 157
- References
- 51
- Citations by year
- 2025: 3 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 12
- FWCI
- 3.47
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Cancer Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe) (submittedVersion)
- Institutional Research Information System University of Ferrara (University of Ferrara) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Wnt/β-catenin signaling in development and cancer
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Hepatology › Hepatocellular Carcinoma Treatment and Prognosis
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Signaling Pathways in Disease
- Keywords
- TBX3, Wnt/β-catenin signaling, hepatocarcinogenesis, hepatocellular carcinoma, hepatoblastoma, transcriptional repression, doxorubicin sensitivity, apoptosis, chemoresistance, cell proliferation, ulnar-mammary syndrome
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Cell Adhesion, Carcinoma, Hepatocellular, Humans, Liver Neoplasms, Liver Neoplasms, Experimental, Mice, Transgenic, Mutation, Promoter Regions, Genetic, Transcription, Genetic, Transfection, Genes, myc, Apoptosis, T-Box Domain Proteins, RNA, Small Interfering, Cell Line, Tumor, Cell Growth Processes, Wnt Proteins, beta Catenin, Mice, TCF Transcription Factors
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