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Towards Conceptualizing a Neural Systems-Based Anatomy of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Open accessAbstract
Convergent data from neuroimaging, neuropsychological, genetic and neurochemical studies in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have implicated dysfunction of the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) and dorsal anterior cingulate cortex (dACC), which form the cortical arm of the frontostriatal network supporting executive functions. Furthermore, besides the DLPFC and dACC, structural and functional imaging studies have shown abnormalities in key brain regions within distributed cortical networks supporting attention. The conceptualization of neural systems biology in ADHD aims at the understanding of what organizing principles have been altered during development within the brain of a person with ADHD.Characterizing these neural systems using neuroimaging could be critical for the description of structural endophenotypes, and may provide the capability of in vivo categorization and correlation with behavior and genes.
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“These approaches have received clear support from aetiological studies indicating that most cases of ADHD arise from a 'pool' of genetic and environmental risk factors.”
From Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (2015) · cites this paper as [99]
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“Neurocognitive, neuroimaging and genetic theories of ADHD have shifted from single-cause or singlepathway models to models that delineate causes that lead to ADHD through several molecular, neural and neurocognitive pathways 33,98-102 .”
From Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (2015) · cites this paper as [99]
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“While changes in fronto-striatal networks supporting executive and reward functions in ADHD have often been reported, recent neuroimaging findings point to broader functional alterations in the disorder (Makris et al., 2009; Liston et al., 2011; Castellanos and Proal, 2012; Tomasi and Volkow, 2012).”
Result
Metadata
- Authors
- Makris, N., Biederman, J., Monuteaux, M. C., & Seidman, L. J.
- Affiliations
- Boston University (US)
- Harvard University (US)
- Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center (US)
- Venue
- Developmental Neuroscience
- Publisher
- S. Karger AG
- Published
- 2009
- Volume
- 31
- Issue
- 1-2
- Pages
- 36-49
- ISSN
- 0378-5866 (ISSN-L)
- 1421-9859
- PMC
- PMC3777416
- OpenAlex
- W2033869827
- Cited by
- 178
- References
- 174
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 11 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 16
- FWCI
- 2.27
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- europepmc.org
- Locations
- Developmental Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (MH-62152, R01MH062152)
- National Center for Research Resources (P41-RR-14075, P41RR014075)
- National Center for Complementary and Integrative Health (P01AT002048)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
- Keywords
- attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, dorsolateral prefrontal cortex, dorsal anterior cingulate cortex, fronto-striatal network, executive function, attention, endophenotypes, brain development, neuroimaging
- MeSH terms
- Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity, Brain, Child, Diagnostic Imaging, Humans, Phenotype
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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