Co-Occurrence of Addictive Behaviours: Personality Factors Related to Substance Use, Gambling and Computer Gaming
Abstract
Aim: To investigate co-occurrence and shared personality characteristics of problematic computer gaming, problematic gambling and substance use. Methods: Cross-sectional survey data were collected from 2,553 German students aged 12–25 years. Self-report measures of substance use (alcohol, tobacco and cannabis), problematic gambling (South Oaks Gambling Screen – Revised for Adolescents, SOGS-RA), problematic computer gaming (Video Game Dependency Scale, KFN-CSAS-II), and of twelve different personality characteristics were obtained. Results: Analyses revealed positive correlations between tobacco, alcohol and cannabis use and a smaller positive correlation between problematic gambling and problematic computer gaming. Problematic computer gaming co-occurred only with cannabis use, whereas problematic gambling was associated with all three types of substance use. Multivariate multilevel analyses showed differential patterns of personality characteristics. High impulsivity was the only personality characteristic associated with all five addictive behaviours. Depression and extraversion were specific to substance users. Four personality characteristics were specifically associated with problematic computer gaming: irritability/aggression, social anxiety, ADHD, and low self-esteem. Conclusions: Problematic gamblers seem to be more similar to substance users than problematic computer gamers. From a personality perspective, results correspond to the inclusion of gambling in the same DSM-V category as substance use and question a one-to-one proceeding for computer gaming.
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Substance use disorders are one of the most frequently comorbid conditions in gambling disorder.
“Substance use disorders are one of the most frequently comorbid conditions in gambling disorder (K.-L. Chou & Afifi, 2011; Lorains et al., 2011; Walther, Morgenstern, & Hanewinkel, 2012).”
From Cued for Risk: Evidence for an Incentive Sensitization Framework to Explain the Interplay between Stress and Anxiety, Substance Abuse, and Reward Uncertainty in Disordered Gambling Behavior (2019) · cites this paper as Walther, Morgenstern, & Hanewinkel, 2012
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- Authors
- Walther, B., Morgenstern, M., & Hanewinkel, R.
- Affiliations
- Institute for Therapy and Health Research (DE)
- Venue
- European Addiction Research
- Publisher
- S. Karger AG
- Published
- 2012
- Volume
- 18
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 167-174
- ISSN
- 1022-6877 (ISSN-L)
- 1421-9891
- OpenAlex
- W2066360597
- Cited by
- 368
- References
- 40
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 22 · 2022: 29 · 2021: 28 · 2020: 76 · 2019: 21 · 2018: 28 · 2017: 24 · 2016: 33 · 2015: 30 · 2014: 25 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 26.12
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- European Addiction Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Gambling Behavior and Treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Impact of Technology on Adolescents
- Keywords
- problem gambling, gaming addiction, substance use, personality traits, impulsivity, depression, extraversion, social anxiety, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, low self-esteem, adolescents and young adults, alcohol consumption, tobacco use, cannabis use
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Child, Computers, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Gambling, Humans, Male, Personality, Personality Assessment, Behavior, Addictive, Diagnosis, Dual (Psychiatry), Video Games, Substance-Related Disorders, Young Adult
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