Cited by 197Bariatric Surgery and OutcomesMinimally Invasive Surgical TechniquesPancreatic function and diabetes

Hyperinsulinemic Hypoglycemia after Bariatric Surgery: Diagnosis and Management Experience from a Spanish Multicenter Registry

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Vilarrasa, Nuria, Goday, Albert, Rubio, Miguel Angel, Caixàs, Assumpta, Pellitero, Silvia, Ciudin, Andrea, Calañas, Alfonso, Botella, José Ignacio +5 more·2016·Obesity Facts

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Severe postprandial hypoglycemia after bariatric surgery is a rare but invalidating complication. Our aim was to describe the different tests performed for its diagnosis and their outcomes as well as the response to the prescribed pharmacological and surgical treatments. METHODS: Multicenter, retrospective systematic review of cases with recurrent severe postprandial hypoglycemia. RESULTS: Over 11 years of follow-up, 22 patients were identified. The test most used to provoke hypoglycemia was the oral glucose load test followed by the mixed meal test which was the least standardized test. With pharmacological treatment, 3 patients were symptom-free (with octreotide) and in 12 patients hypoglycemic episodes were attenuated. Seven patients had persistent hypoglycemic episodes and underwent surgery. Partial pancreatectomy was performed in 3 patients who had positive selective arterial calcium stimulation, and nesidioblastosis was confirmed in 2 patients. Reconversion to normal anatomy was performed in 3 patients, and 1 patient underwent a resection of the 'candy cane' roux limb, with resolution of hypoglycemia in all cases. CONCLUSIONS: There is high heterogeneity in the evaluation and treatment options for postoperative hypoglycemia. In patients that do not respond to pharmacological treatment, reconstruction of gastrojejunal continuity may be the safest and most successful procedure.

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  • Pancreatic resection, the most commonly reported procedure, was performed in approximately 67% of patients.

    “Pancreatic resection, the most commonly reported procedure, was performed in approximately 67% of patients (66,103,105,107,114,116-123).”

    From Dumping syndrome after esophageal, gastric or bariatric surgery: Pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management (2017) · cites this paper as [66]

    The Results (Surgical Treatment) report partial pancreatectomy in 3 patients, while redo surgery was the first surgical option for 4 patients. Thus pancreatic resection accounted for 3 of the 7 surgical cases (about 43%), not approximately 67%, and was not the most common approach in this registry. (LLM, conf=0.88)

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  • Administration of nifedipine in combination with verapamil to 10 patients who developed hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia after bariatric surgery resulted in a partial response in five patients (50%).

    “Administration of nifedipine in combination with verapamil to 10 patients who developed hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia after bariatric surgery resulted in a partial response in five patients (50%) (66).”

    From Dumping syndrome after esophageal, gastric or bariatric surgery: Pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management (2017) · cites this paper as [66]

    The Results (Therapy Strategies: Pharmacological Treatment; page unavailable) report that 10 patients received a calcium-channel blocker—nifedipine or verapamil—and that 50% initially had reduced symptoms. The Discussion describes a partial effect in 50%. The paper does not say the two drugs were administered in combination to those patients, and it reports an initial response rather than an enduring response in all five. (LLM, conf=0.86)

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  • Both short-acting and long-acting formulations of somatostatin analogues have demonstrated efficacy by slowing gastric emptying, improving hypoglycemia and reducing early and late dumping symptoms.

    “Both short-acting and long-acting formulations of somatostatin analogues have demonstrated efficacy by slowing gastric emptying, improving hypoglycemia and reducing early and late dumping symptoms (Table 4) (15,66,(80)(81)(82)(83)(84)(85)(86)(87)(88)(89)(90)(91)(92)(93)(94)(95).”

    From Dumping syndrome after esophageal, gastric or bariatric surgery: Pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management (2017) · cites this paper as [66]

    The Results (Therapy Strategies: Pharmacological Treatment; page not provided) report that octreotide reduced or resolved hypoglycemic episodes in some patients. The paper does not establish efficacy for both short- and long-acting formulations, attribute slowed gastric emptying specifically to somatostatin analogues, or report reduced early and late dumping symptoms; the Discussion distinguishes dumping syndrome from the condition studied. (LLM, conf=0.90)

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  • Treatment of six patients who developed hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia after bariatric surgery with diazoxide (168.7 ± 94 mg/day orally) resulted in a partial response (defined as a 50% reduction in the number and severity of hypoglycemic events) in three patients (50%).

    “A recent multicenter, retrospective, systematic case series reported that treatment of six patients who developed hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia after bariatric surgery with diazoxide (168.7 ± 94 mg/day orally) resulted in a partial response (defined as a 50% reduction in the number and severity of hypoglycemic events) in three patients (50%) (66).”

    From Dumping syndrome after esophageal, gastric or bariatric surgery: Pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management (2017) · cites this paper as [66]

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  • Various surgical re-interventions have been used, including gastric tube placement, gastric bypass reversal with or without concomitant sleeve resection and gastric pouch restriction.

    “Various surgical re-interventions have been used, including gastric tube placement, gastric bypass reversal with or without concomitant sleeve resection and gastric pouch restriction (Table 5) (66,103,105-123).”

    From Dumping syndrome after esophageal, gastric or bariatric surgery: Pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management (2017) · cites this paper as [66]

    The Results (Surgical Treatment; page not provided) describe gastric bypass reversal and gastric pouch restriction, and the Discussion mentions nutrition through a gastrostomy tube. The paper does not describe bypass reversal with concomitant sleeve resection; the resection it reports was of a Roux limb, not the stomach. (LLM, conf=0.88)

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1 of the 41 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.

Research works printed but not linked: 2

  1. [3]Service GJ Thompson GB Service FJ Andrews JC Collazo-Clavell ML Lloyd RV Hyperinsulinemic hypoglycaemia with nesiodioblastosis after gastric-bypass surgery N Engl J Med 2005 353 249 254 16034010
  2. [28]Guseva N Phillips D Mordes JP Successful treatment of persisenthyperinsulinemic hypoglycaemia with nifedipine in an adult patient Endocr Pract 2010 16 107 111 19625246 PMC3979460

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Authors
Vilarrasa, N., Goday, A., Rubio, M. A., Caixàs, A., Pellitero, S., Ciudin, A., Calañas, A., Botella, J. I., Bretón, I., Morales, M. J., Díaz-Fernández, M. J., García-Luna, P. P., & Lecube, A.
Affiliations
  • Bellvitge University Hospital (ES)
  • Hospital del Mar Research Institute (ES)
  • Hospital Del Mar (ES)
  • Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (ES)
Venue
Obesity Facts
Publisher
S. Karger AG
Published
2016
Volume
9
Issue
1
Pages
41-51
ISSN
  • 1662-4025 (ISSN-L)
  • 1662-4033
OpenAlex
W2276159333
Cited by
197
References
41
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 16 · 2022: 15 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 13 · 2016: 24 · 2015: 19 · 2014: 6 · 2013: 6 · 2012: 4
FWCI
22.89
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Obesity Facts (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Dipòsit Digital de la Universitat de Barcelona (Universitat de Barcelona) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • Repositori digital de la UPF (Universitat Pompeu Fabra) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
  • RECERCAT (Consorci de Serveis Universitaris de Catalunya) (submittedVersion, cc-by-nc)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Bariatric Surgery and Outcomes
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Minimally Invasive Surgical Techniques
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Pancreatic function and diabetes
Keywords
hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia, bariatric surgery complications, postprandial hypoglycemia, oral glucose tolerance test, mixed meal tolerance test, octreotide, partial pancreatectomy, nesidioblastosis, Roux-en-Y gastric bypass
MeSH terms
Adult, Female, Glucose Tolerance Test, Humans, Hyperinsulinism, Hypoglycemia, Jejunum, Male, Middle Aged, Pancreatectomy, Registries, Retrospective Studies, Spain, Stomach, Octreotide, Incidence, Nesidioblastosis, Bariatric Surgery

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