Cited by 697Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular HealthLipid metabolism and disordersDiabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins

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Plasma triglyceride and coronary heart disease

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Austin, M A·1991·Arteriosclerosis and Thrombosis: A Journal of Vascular Biology

DOI 10.1161/01.atv.11.1.2

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Abstract

Although the literature on epidemiological associations between plasma triglyceride and CHD is not completely consistent, trends do emerge from the studies described here. First, the majority of observational studies demonstrate a significant univariate relation, although the results of case-control and cross-sectional studies are more uniform than those from prospective study designs. In many but not all studies, triglyceride remains a significant predictor of CHD in multivariate statistical analyses after controlling for TC or LDL-C. Perhaps the least consistent result is that the triglyceride association does not persist in some analyses controlling for HDL-C, while in other studies, the association remains significant. Although most studies have been conducted in men, the studies providing data on women, normocholesterolemic subjects, and diabetic subjects have generally found triglyceride to be, at the very least, a univariate risk factor. The results of intervention trials differ considerably, but no such study to date has been specifically designed to evaluate triglyceride-lowering effects on primary prevention of CHD. Important statistical properties must be taken into consideration in evaluating triglyceride as a risk factor for CHD. The large variability of triglyceride measurements and the correlation of triglyceride values with other lipid measures appears to result in the underestimation of the association between triglyceride and disease in multivariate analyses. Finally, individual genetic susceptibility may play an important role in the relation between plasma triglyceride levels and CHD. For example, risk of CHD clearly varies among the well-established familial forms of hypertriglyceridemia. A predominance of small, dense, LDL particles (LDL subclass pattern B) also appears to be a genetic trait associated with both increased risk of MI and increases in plasma triglyceride levels.

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Background
Use of Expert Consensus to Improve Atherogenic Dyslipidemia Management
Núñez-Cortés, J. M., Pedro‐Botet, J., Brea-Hernando, Á., Rodríguez, Á. D., González‐Santos, P., Hernández‐Mijares, A., Mantilla, T., Pintó, X., & Simó, R. (2013) · Revista Española de Cardiología (English Edition) · doi:10.1016/j.rec.2013.06.011 · Cited by 12
Impact of probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics on lipid metabolism in humans
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“In addition to these classical risk factors, elevated levels of triacylglycerol (TAG; major fat in the blood) in both the fasted and fed (postprandial) state has been demonstrated to be associated with CHD in a number of observational studies [5].”
Background
The Triglyceride/High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Ratio, the Small Dense Low-Density Lipoprotein Phenotype, and Ischemic Heart Disease Risk
St‐Pierre, A., Cantin, B., Dagenais, G. R., Mauriège, P., Després, J., & Lamarche, B. (2004) · Metabolic Syndrome and Related Disorders · doi:10.1089/1540419041978845 · Cited by 12
Free fatty acids exert a greater effect on ocular and skin blood flow than triglycerides in healthy subjects
Bayerle‐Eder, M., Polska, E., Köpf, A., Roden, M., Waldhäusl, W. K., Pleiner, H., Wipler, B., Wolzt, M., & Schmetterer, L. F. (2004) · European Journal of Clinical Investigation · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2362.2004.01383.x · Cited by 13
Effects of fish oil supplemented with pyridoxine and folic acid on homocysteine, atherogenic index, fibrinogen and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 in man
Haglund, O., Hamfelt, A., Hambræus, L., & Saldeen, T. G. P. (1993) · Nutrition Research · doi:10.1016/s0271-5317(05)80786-9 · Cited by 12
Triglycerides and coronary risk
Gaziano, J. M. (1999) · Current Cardiology Reports · doi:10.1007/s11886-999-0070-4 · Cited by 12
Intermediate density lipoprotein cholesterol as the best lipoprotein predictor of atherosclerosis severity in the Watanabe Heritable Hyperlipidemic rabbit
Nordestgaard, B. G., Agerholm-Larsen, B., Mortensen, A., Hansen, B. F., Hansen, J. F., Ibsen, P. H., & Kjeldsen, K. (1997) · Atherosclerosis · doi:10.1016/s0021-9150(97)00051-8 · Cited by 12
The Trouble With Triglycerides
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The role of fasting versus non-fasting triglycerides in ischemic stroke: a systematic review
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Physicochemical basis of the digestion and absorption of triacylglycerol
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Primary prevention of coronary heart disease
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Exercise Improved Accumulation of Visceral Fat and Simultaneously Impaired Endothelium-Dependent Relaxation in Old Rats.
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“[6-9] Smoking cigarette/bidi leads to increase in concentration of serum total cholesterol, triglyceride, low density lipoprotein and very low density lipoprotein and fall in levels of antiatherogenic high density lipoprotein as reported by various workers.[10-14] There is a dose response relationship between number o…”
Background
Effects of a High-Monounsaturated Fat Diet on Glucose and Lipid Metabolisms in Normal and Diabetic Mice
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Studying the Relation of Postprandial Triglyceride with Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)
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“This phenomenon could be derived from lots of daily changes in plasma triglyceride concentrations and the presence of a strong reverse relation between the concentration of serum triglycerides and HDLs (14, 15).”
Background
Plasma Triglyceride-Rich Lipoprotein and High Density Lipoproteins Disorders Associated with Atherosclerosis
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“23.31.32 This work has clearly shown that it is much more difficult to establish a statistical association between hypertriglyceridemia and CAD than it is for total LDL and HDL cholesterol.”
Influential
Pathophysiology of Atherosclerosis
Kumar, A. G., & Ballantyne, C. M. (1998) · Developments in cardiovascular medicine · doi:10.1007/978-1-4615-5715-9_1 · Cited by 10
Genetic Determinants of Myocardial Infarction
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ApoB-100 and ApoB/ApoA-1 ratio in children and adolescents from families with very early myocardial infarction
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Effects of ethyl-all-cis-5,8,11,14,17-icosapentaenoate (EPA-E), pravastatin and their combination on serum lipids and intimal thickening of cuff-sheathed carotid artery in rabbits
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Serum From Magnesium-Deficient Rats Affects Vascular Endothelial Cells in Culture: Role of Hyperlipemia and Inflammation
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Implications for the present and direction for the future
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Exercise and Postprandial Lipaemia
Föger, B., & Patsch, J. R. (1995) · European Journal of Cardiovascular Prevention & Rehabilitation · doi:10.1177/174182679500200406 · Cited by 10
Production of small high-density lipoprotein particles after stimulation of in vivo lipolysis in hypertriglyceridemic individuals: Studies before and after triglyceride-lowering therapy
Lewis, G. F., Uffelman, K. D., Lamarche, B., Cabana, V. G., & Getz, G. S. (1998) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/s0026-0495(98)90227-x · Cited by 10
Remnant-like particle cholesterol in coronary artery disease: correlation with plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 activity
Sakata, K., Miho, N., Ohtani, S., Shirotani, M., Yoshida, H., & Takada, A. (1998) · Fibrinolysis and Proteolysis · doi:10.1016/s0268-9499(98)80293-2 · Cited by 10
Excess Triglycerides in Very Low-Density Lipoprotein (VLDL) Estimated from VLDL-Cholesterol could be a Useful Biomarker of Metabolic Dysfunction Associated Steatotic Liver Disease in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes
Hirano, T. (2024) · Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis · doi:10.5551/jat.65164 · Cited by 10
“…explained by increased triglyceride (TG)-rich lipoprotein remnants 5) , a high prevalence of small dense low-density lipoprotein (sdLDL) particles 6) , and low levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL)- indicate TG excess due to an increase in VLDL containing more TG than the average VLDL.…”
What should we do about Hypertriglyceridemia in Coronary Artery Disease Patients?
Singh, A., Schwartzbard, A. Z., Gianos, E., Berger, J. S., & WEINTRAUB, H. S. (2012) · Current Treatment Options in Cardiovascular Medicine · doi:10.1007/s11936-012-0220-7 · Cited by 9
“Epidemiology of hypertriglyceridemia in cardiovascular disease Controversy persists on the relationship of triglycerides with cardiovascular risk [4, 5].”
Background
Effect of a Multi-Strain Probiotic on Growth Performance, Lipid Panel, Antioxidant Profile, and Immune Response in Andaman Local Piglets at Weaning
Sarkar, G., Mondal, S., Bhattacharya, D., Ponraj, P., Sawhney, S., Bala, P., Chakraborty, D., Sunder, J., & De, A. K. (2023) · Fermentation · doi:10.3390/fermentation9110970 · Cited by 9
Surfactant-Based Homogeneous Assay for the Measurement of Triglyceride Concentrations in VLDL and Intermediate-Density Lipoprotein
Okada, M., Saito, T., Yoshimura, H., Noguchi, Y., Ito, T., Sasaki, H., & Hama, H. (2005) · Clinical Chemistry · doi:10.1373/clinchem.2005.049304 · Cited by 9
Age-Related Changes Affecting Atherosclerotic Risk
Spagnoli, L. G., Mauriello, A., Orlandi, A., Sangiorgi, G., & Bonanno, E. (1996) · Drugs & Aging · doi:10.2165/00002512-199608040-00004 · Cited by 9
Relación de la hipertrigliceridemia posprandial con la resistencia a la insulina en pacientes con síndrome metabólico
Cardona, F., Gonzalo‐Marín, M., & Tinahones, F. J. (2006) · Endocrinología y Nutrición · doi:10.1016/s1575-0922(06)71096-8 · Cited by 9
“Los valores elevados de trigli-céridos en ayunas están asociados a un riesgo de enfer-medad coronaria 5 ; también hay evidencias de la relación entre la hipertrigliceridemia posprandial y la enferme-dad coronaria 6,7 , y algunos autores consideran que los triglicéridos posprandiales son el mejor…”
Development and evaluation of a direct sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for the quantification of lipoprotein lipase mass in human plasma
Kimurâ, H., Ohkaru, Y., Katoh, K., Ishii, H., Sunahara, N., Takagi, A., & Ikeda, Y. (1999) · Clinical Biochemistry · doi:10.1016/s0009-9120(98)00081-2 · Cited by 9
Profiling Risk and New Therapeutic Interventions: Looking Ahead
Shepherd, J. (1998) · The American Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1016/s0002-9343(98)00042-4 · Cited by 9
The role of diabetes mellitus and hypertriglyceridaemia as coronary risk factors in treated hypertension: 15 years of follow‐up of antihypertensive treatment in middle‐aged men in the Primary Prevention Trial in Göteborg, Sweden
Samuelsson, O. G., Hednert, T., Persson, B., Andersson, O., Berglund, G., & Wilhelmesen, L. (1994) · Journal of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2796.1994.tb01063.x · Cited by 9
Studies in hypertriglyceridaemia 1. Serum triglyceride distribution and its correlates in randomly selected Swedish middle‐aged men
Asplund-Carlson, A., & Carlson, L. A. (1994) · Journal of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1111/j.1365-2796.1994.tb01120.x · Cited by 9
The Rationale for Intervention to Reduce the Risk of Coronary Heart Disease
Rippe, J., Angelopoulos, T., & Zukley, L. (2007) · American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine · doi:10.1177/1559827606292859 · Cited by 11
“Studies have shown that elevated HDL appears to offer a protective effect in lowering the risk of CHD.(25,63,64) Conversely, low HDL cholesterol”
Background
Recent developments in the treatment of hypertriglyceridemia
Duriez, P., & Fruchart, J. (1999) · Current Atherosclerosis Reports · doi:10.1007/s11883-999-0047-1 · Cited by 9
Influence of triglycerides on other plasma lipids in middle-aged men intended for hypolipidaemic treatment.
Kolovou, G. D., Anagnostopoulou, K. K., Salpea, K. D., Hoursalas, I. S., Petropoulos, I., Bilianou, H. I., Damaskos, D. S., Giannakopoulou, V., & Cokkinos, D. V. (2006) · PubMed · Cited by 9
Alcohol's influence on plasma lipoproteins: A nonhuman primate model
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The relative importance of common and rare genetic variants in the development of hypertriglyceridemia
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Relationship of adiposity to the population distribution of plasma triglyceride concentrations in vigorously active men and women
Williams, P. T. (2004) · Atherosclerosis · doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2004.01.031 · Cited by 9
“Elevated plasma triglycerides increase the risk for car27 diovascular disease directly [1–3], or indirectly by decreas28 ing plasma high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol con29 centrations[4,5], increasing the levels of smaller, denser 30 low-density lipoprotein (LDL) particles in plasma [6,7], or 31 affecting oth…”
Background
The Prevalence, Awareness and Treatment of High Low Density Lipoprotein-Cholesterol in Korean Adults Without Coronary Heart Diseases - The Third Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 2005 -
Choi, S.-J., Park, S.-H., Lee, K.-S., & Park, H. (2012) · Korean Circulation Journal · doi:10.4070/kcj.2012.42.2.86 · Cited by 8
HYPOGLYCEMIC AND LIPID LOWERING EFFECT OF AQUEOUS FRESH LEAF EXTRACT OF CHROMOLAENA ODORATA (LINN) IN ALBINO WISTAR RATS FED DIFFERENT CONCENTRATIONS OF CHOLESTEROL ENRICHED DIET
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Interactive effects of increased intake of saturated fat and cholesterol on atherosclerosis in the Japanese quail ( Coturnix japonica )
Yuan, Y., Kitts, D. D., & Godin, D. V. (1998) · British Journal Of Nutrition · doi:10.1017/s0007114598001810 · Cited by 8
“Moreover, the putative role of hypertriacylglycerolaemia as an independent risk factor in the development of heart disease (Castelli, 1986; Austin, 1991) may also involve an interaction between cholesterol and dietary fat intake.”
Background
Lipoprotein disorder in brain infarction and hemorrhage
Sato, A., Asakura, Y., Yokota, C., Suzuki, M., Tsushima, M., Kuriyama, Y., Sawada, T., Yamaguchi, T., Kobayashi, M., & Harano, Y. (1998) · International Journal of Clinical & Laboratory Research · doi:10.1007/s005990050016 · Cited by 8
Comparison of quinapril and atenolol as single drugs or in combination with hydrochlorothiazide in moderate to severe hypertensives, using automated ambulatory monitoring.
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Authors: Austin, M. A.
Affiliations: University of Washington (US)
Corresponding author: Austin, M A
Venue: Arteriosclerosis and Thrombosis: A Journal of Vascular Biology
Publisher: Ovid Technologies (Wolters Kluwer Health)
Published: 1991-01
Volume: 11
Issue: 1
Pages: 2-14
ISSN: 1049-8834 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1161/01.atv.11.1.2
OpenAlex: W2155238815
Cited by: 697
References: 98
Citations by year: 2026: 2 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 3 · 2019: 4 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 8 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 8
FWCI: 15.24
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Locations: Arteriosclerosis and Thrombosis A Journal of Vascular Biology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health (7r29hl038760-03)
National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (HL38760, P01HL030086, HL3-0086)
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Lipoproteins and Cardiovascular Health
Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Lipid metabolism and disorders
Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes, Cardiovascular Risks, and Lipoproteins
Keywords: plasma triglycerides, coronary artery disease, cardiovascular risk factors, hypertriglyceridemia, familial hypertriglyceridemia, small dense LDL, HDL cholesterol, genetic susceptibility, primary prevention, lipid-lowering intervention
MeSH terms: Coronary Disease, Female, Humans, Male, Pedigree, Triglycerides, Multivariate Analysis

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