Resistance Exercise Training in Individuals With and Without Cardiovascular Disease: 2023 Update: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association
Open accessAbstract
Resistance training not only can improve or maintain muscle mass and strength, but also has favorable physiological and clinical effects on cardiovascular disease and risk factors. This scientific statement is an update of the previous (2007) American Heart Association scientific statement regarding resistance training and cardiovascular disease. Since 2007, accumulating evidence suggests resistance training is a safe and effective approach for improving cardiovascular health in adults with and without cardiovascular disease. This scientific statement summarizes the benefits of resistance training alone or in combination with aerobic training for improving traditional and nontraditional cardiovascular disease risk factors. We also address the utility of resistance training for promoting cardiovascular health in varied healthy and clinical populations. Because less than one-third of US adults report participating in the recommended 2 days per week of resistance training activities, this scientific statement provides practical strategies for the promotion and prescription of resistance training.
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Nonfatal cardiovascular complications occur much less frequently during resistance training than aerobic training.
“Nonfatal cardiovascular complications also occur much less frequently during RT than aerobic training (5,183).”
From American College of Sports Medicine Position Stand. Resistance Training Prescription for Muscle Function, Hypertrophy, and Physical Performance in Healthy Adults: An Overview of Reviews (2026) · cites this paper as [5]
The Safety of RT section reports 63 nonfatal cardiovascular-related complications during aerobic training and testing versus one during resistance training and none during resistance testing. That comparison comes from a review of trials in adults with coronary heart disease, and the statement calls the data limited; the citing sentence omits those qualifications. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredResistance training is safe for healthy adults of all ages.
“Resistance training is safe for healthy adults of all ages (5), but many adults, particularly older adults, avoid RT due to misperceptions about safety and injury risks (181).”
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Writing Committee Members, Blumenthal, R. S., Morris, P. B., Gaudino, M., Johnson, H. M., Anderson, T. S., Bittner, V. A., Blankstein, R., Brewer, L. C., Cho, L., et al. (2026) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0000000000001423 · Cited by 122 · see citing works
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Swift, D. L., Ross, L. M., Laddu, D. R., Conroy, M. B., German, C. A., Evangelista, L. S., Marvel, F. A., Jerome, G. J., on behalf the American Heart Association Council on Lifestyle and Cardiometabolic Health, Council on Cardiovascular and Stroke Nursing, et al. (2026) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0000000000001441 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Self-citationResistance training as a key strategy for high-quality weight loss in men and women
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Dietary Interventions for Hypertriglyceridemia
Kirkpatrick, C. F., Petersen, K. S., Kris-Etherton, P. M., & Maki, K. C. (2026) · Current Atherosclerosis Reports · doi:10.1007/s11883-026-01444-w
- Authors
- Paluch, A. E., Boyer, W. R., Franklin, B. A., Laddu, D., Lobelo, F., Lee, D.-C., McDermott, M. M., Swift, D. L., Webel, A. R., Lane, A., & on behalf the American Heart Association Council on Lifestyle and Cardiometabolic Health; Council on Arteriosclerosis, T. A. V. B. C. O. C. C. C. O. C. A. S. N. C. O. E. A. P. A. C. O. P. V. D.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Circulation
- Published
- 2024-01-16
- Volume
- 149
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- e217-e231
- ISSN
- 0009-7322 (ISSN-L)
- 1524-4539
- PMC
- PMC11209834
- OpenAlex
- W4389442154
- Cited by
- 290
- References
- 17
- Citations by year
- 2026: 121 · 2025: 115 · 2024: 54
- FWCI
- 16.99
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Circulation (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- American Heart Association
- National Institutes of Health
- Feinberg School of Medicine
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01HL133069, K01HL148503, R01HL171098)
- National Institute of Mental Health (R61MH129407)
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R21DK131429)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiovascular Effects of Exercise
- Keywords
- resistance training, cardiovascular disease, cardiovascular risk factors, muscle strength, muscle mass, aerobic exercise, exercise prescription, cardiovascular health, exercise safety
- MeSH terms
- Adult, American Heart Association, Cardiovascular Diseases, Humans, Risk Factors, United States, Exercise, Resistance Training
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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