The effect of resistance exercise on sleep: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials
Abstract
Impaired sleep quality and quantity are associated with future morbidity and mortality. Exercise may be an effective non-pharmacological intervention to improve sleep, however, little is known on the effect of resistance exercise. Thus, we performed a systematic review of the literature to determine the acute and chronic effects of resistance exercise on sleep quantity and quality. Thirteen studies were included. Chronic resistance exercise improves all aspects of sleep, with the greatest benefit for sleep quality. These benefits of isolated resistance exercise are attenuated when resistance exercise is combined with aerobic exercise and compared to aerobic exercise alone. However, the acute effects of resistance exercise on sleep remain poorly studied and inconsistent. In addition to the sleep benefits, resistance exercise training improves anxiety and depression. These results suggest that resistance exercise may be an effective intervention to improve sleep quality. Further research is needed to better understand the effects of acute resistance exercise on sleep, the physiological mechanisms underlying changes in sleep, the changes in sleep architecture with chronic resistance exercise, as well its efficacy in clinical cohorts who commonly experience sleep disturbance. Future studies should also examine time-of-day and dose-response effects to determine the optimal exercise prescription for sleep benefits.
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PRT can prevent and ameliorate sarcopenia in patients with type 2 diabetes, sarcopenic obesity, and cancer.
“Additionally, PRT can prevent and ameliorate sarcopenia in patients with T2D [[393], [394], [395]], sarcopenic obesity [474] and cancer [401,402].”
From Global consensus on optimal exercise recommendations for enhancing healthy longevity in older adults (ICFSR) (2025) · cites this paper as [395]
Aerobic, resistance, and meditative movement exercises improve sleep quality in non-depressed individuals.
“Indeed, aerobic [43e45], resistance [41], and meditative movement exercises improve sleep quality [46e48] in non-depressed individuals.”
From The effects of exercise on sleep in unipolar depression: a systematic review and network meta-analysis (2021) · cites this paper as [41]
Aerobic, resistance, and meditative movement exercise decrease psycho-physiological arousal by reducing anxiety and depression.
“Aerobic [40], resistance [41], and meditative movement [42] exercise decrease psycho-physiological arousal by reducing anxiety and depression.”
From The effects of exercise on sleep in unipolar depression: a systematic review and network meta-analysis (2021) · cites this paper as [41]
Kovacevic et al. is the only other meta-analysis that specifically focused on resistance exercise interventions.
“Kovacevic et al. [41] is the only other meta-analysis that specifically focused on resistance exercise interventions.”
From The effects of exercise on sleep in unipolar depression: a systematic review and network meta-analysis (2021) · cites this paper as [41]
Previous reviews and meta-analyses have assessed the effect of exercise on sleep, but it remains unclear whether these previous findings are directly applicable to sleep problems in patients with depression.
“Previous reviews and meta-analyses have assessed the effect of exercise on sleep.However, it remains unclear whether these previous findings are directly applicable to sleep problems in the specific population of patients with depression.”
From The effects of exercise on sleep in unipolar depression: a systematic review and network meta-analysis (2021) · cites this paper as [41]
We found slightly larger effect sizes in our meta-analytic sample, especially for vigorous strength, compared to Kovacevic et al.
“We found slightly larger effect sizes in our metaanalytic sample, especially for vigorous strength.”
From The effects of exercise on sleep in unipolar depression: a systematic review and network meta-analysis (2021) · cites this paper as [41]
Previous reviews focused on populations that were either very heterogeneous, had insomnia but no depression, or were healthy individuals.
“Reviews focused on populations that were either very heterogeneous (e.g., individuals with and without specific disorders [41,45] or patients with different mental disorders [78]), had insomnia but no depression [43,79], or were healthy individuals [80].”
From The effects of exercise on sleep in unipolar depression: a systematic review and network meta-analysis (2021) · cites this paper as [41]
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CURRIER, B. S., D’SOUZA, A. C., SINGH, M. A. F., LOWISZ, C. V., RAWSON, E. S., SCHOENFELD, B. J., SMITH-RYAN, A. E., STEEN, J. P., THOMAS, G. A., TRIPLETT, N. T., et al. (2026) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1249/mss.0000000000003897 · Cited by 55 · see citing works
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- Authors
- Kovacevic, A., Mavros, Y., Heisz, J. J., & Fiatarone Singh, M. A.
- Affiliations
- McMaster University (CA)
- The University of Sydney (AU)
- Corresponding author
- Kovacevic, Ana
- Venue
- Sleep Medicine Reviews
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2018-06
- Volume
- 39
- Pages
- 52-68
- ISSN
- 1087-0792 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2739140417
- Cited by
- 242
- References
- 80
- Citations by year
- 2026: 25 · 2025: 36 · 2024: 30 · 2023: 38 · 2022: 30 · 2021: 29 · 2020: 31 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 10
- FWCI
- 2.33
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Sleep Medicine Reviews (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (296518)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Physical Activity and Health
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and Work-Related Fatigue
- Keywords
- resistance training, sleep quality, sleep quantity, sleep architecture, aerobic exercise, concurrent training, anxiety, depression, non-pharmacological sleep intervention, exercise prescription
- MeSH terms
- Health Status, Humans, Quality of Life, Sleep, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Resistance Training
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