The DOI matches its Crossref record; 123 of the 123 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Management of Acute Myocarditis and Chronic Inflammatory Cardiomyopathy: An Expert Consensus Document
Open accessAbstract
Myocarditis is an inflammatory disease of the heart that may occur because of infections, immune system activation, or exposure to drugs. The diagnosis of myocarditis has changed due to the introduction of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. We present an expert consensus document aimed to summarize the common terminology related to myocarditis meanwhile highlighting some areas of controversies and uncertainties and the unmet clinical needs. In fact, controversies persist regarding mechanisms that determine the transition from the initial trigger to myocardial inflammation and from acute myocardial damage to chronic ventricular dysfunction. It is still uncertain which viruses (besides enteroviruses) cause direct tissue damage, act as triggers for immune-mediated damage, or both. Regarding terminology, myocarditis can be characterized according to etiology, phase, and severity of the disease, predominant symptoms, and pathological findings. Clinically, acute myocarditis (AM) implies a short time elapsed from the onset of symptoms and diagnosis (generally <1 month). In contrast, chronic inflammatory cardiomyopathy indicates myocardial inflammation with established dilated cardiomyopathy or hypokinetic nondilated phenotype, which in the advanced stages evolves into fibrosis without detectable inflammation. Suggested diagnostic and treatment recommendations for AM and chronic inflammatory cardiomyopathy are mainly based on expert opinion given the lack of well-designed contemporary clinical studies in the field. We will provide a shared and practical approach to patient diagnosis and management, underlying differences between the European and US scientific statements on this topic. We explain the role of histology that defines subtypes of myocarditis and its prognostic and therapeutic implications.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“cardiotropic viruses such as adenoviruses and enteroviruses can directly damage the heart, leading to the development of myocarditis”
From Autoimmune Myocarditis, Old Dogs and New Tricks. (2024) · cites this paper as [31]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“certain viruses including HIV, hepatitis C virus, influenza A virus, and influenza B virus are thought to trigger myocarditis by activating the immune system”
From Autoimmune Myocarditis, Old Dogs and New Tricks. (2024) · cites this paper as [31]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“with up to 20% of giant cell myocarditis cases associated with existing autoimmune disorders such as inflammatory bowel disease, thyroiditis, and thymoma.”
From Autoimmune Myocarditis, Old Dogs and New Tricks. (2024) · cites this paper as [31]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Giant cell myocarditis and eosinophilic necrotizing myocarditis are traditionally classified as autoimmune myocarditis due to their strong association with existing autoimmune conditions”
From Autoimmune Myocarditis, Old Dogs and New Tricks. (2024) · cites this paper as [31]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“In well-known forms of autoimmune myocarditis such as giant cell myocarditis and cardiac sarcoidosis, macrophages have been identified as a significant contributor to the formation of multinucleated giant cells or granulomas”
From Autoimmune Myocarditis, Old Dogs and New Tricks. (2024) · cites this paper as [31]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“suggesting potential alternative pathogenesis such as autoimmunity, hypersensitivity, or medication usage.”
From Autoimmune Myocarditis, Old Dogs and New Tricks. (2024) · cites this paper as [31]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Lymphocytic myocarditis is primarily associated with viral infections, characterized by histological observations of myocardial infiltration predominantly by T lymphocytes”
From Autoimmune Myocarditis, Old Dogs and New Tricks. (2024) · cites this paper as [31]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Notably, in some cases of lymphocytic myocarditis, these viruses tested negative, while autoantibodies specific to the heart were present”
From Autoimmune Myocarditis, Old Dogs and New Tricks. (2024) · cites this paper as [31]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“which can be pleuritic and positional, similar to that of pericarditis, or pressure-like mimicking the pain of acute coronary syndrome.”
From Autoimmune Myocarditis, Old Dogs and New Tricks. (2024) · cites this paper as [31]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“the most commonly reported symptom is chest pain (82% to 95% of cases)”
From Autoimmune Myocarditis, Old Dogs and New Tricks. (2024) · cites this paper as [31]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Sarcoidosis is a systemic autoimmune syndrome characterized by the formation of nonnecrotizing granulomas, a histological hallmark, found in various organs including the lung and heart.”
From Autoimmune Myocarditis, Old Dogs and New Tricks. (2024) · cites this paper as [31]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“an unnoticed history of viral infection may contribute to the migration and activation of autoreactive T cells in the heart. 7,10,31,107”
From Autoimmune Myocarditis, Old Dogs and New Tricks. (2024) · cites this paper as [31]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Giant cell myocarditis is a rare but rapidly progressing condition associated with a high risk of death or the necessity for heart transplantation.”
From Autoimmune Myocarditis, Old Dogs and New Tricks. (2024) · cites this paper as [31]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“Histopathologic observations reveal myocardial infiltration of multinucleated giant cells along with lymphocytes and eosinophils in this condition.”
From Autoimmune Myocarditis, Old Dogs and New Tricks. (2024) · cites this paper as [31]
The cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“various conditions including infections, drugs, hypersensitivity, and autoimmune factors may be associated with the onset and progress of this disease.”
From Autoimmune Myocarditis, Old Dogs and New Tricks. (2024) · cites this paper as [31]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Vos, T., Barber, R. M., Bell, B., Bertozzi-Villa, A., Biryukov, S., Bolliger, I., Charlson, F., Davis, A., Degenhardt, L., Dicker, D., et al. (2015) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(15)60692-4 · Cited by 6,414
Caforio, A. L. P., Pankuweit, S., Arbustini, E., Basso, C., Gimeno-Blanes, J., Felix, S. B., Fu, M., Heliö, T., Heymans, S., Jahns, R., et al. (2013) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/eht210 · Cited by 3,479
Self-citationCardiovascular Magnetic Resonance in Myocarditis: A JACC White Paper
Friedrich, M. G., Sechtem, U. P., Schulz‐Menger, J., Holmvang, G., Alakija, P., Cooper, L. T., White, J. A., Abdel‐Aty, H., Gutberlet, M., Prasad, S. K., et al. (2009) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2009.02.007 · Cited by 2,523
Self-citationFulminant Myocarditis with Combination Immune Checkpoint Blockade
Johnson, D. B., Balko, J. M., Compton, M. L., Chalkias, S., Gorham, J., Xu, Y., Hicks, M., Puzanov, I., Alexander, M. R., Bloomer, T. L., et al. (2016) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa1609214 · Cited by 2,308
Self-citationCardiovascular Magnetic Resonance in Nonischemic Myocardial Inflammation
Ferreira, V. M., Schulz-Menger, J., Holmvang, G., Kramer, C. M., Carbone, I., Sechtem, U., Kindermann, I., Gutberlet, M., Cooper, L. T., Liu, P., et al. (2018) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2018.09.072 · Cited by 2,059
Self-citationAl‐Khatib, S. M., Stevenson, W. G., Ackerman, M. J., Bryant, W. J., Callans, D. J., Curtis, A. B., Deal, B. J., Dickfeld, T. M., Field, M. E., Fonarow, G. C., et al. (2018) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2017.10.054 · Cited by 1,902
Cardiac Involvement in a Patient With Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)
Inciardi, R. M., Lupi, L., Zaccone, G., Italia, L., Raffo, M., Tomasoni, D., Cani, D., Cerini, M., Farina, D., Gavazzi, E., et al. (2020) · JAMA Cardiology · doi:10.1001/jamacardio.2020.1096 · Cited by 1,896
Self-citationMyocarditis in Patients Treated With Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
Mahmood, S. S., Fradley, M. G., Cohen, J. V., Nohria, A., Reynolds, K. L., Heinzerling, L. M., Sullivan, R. J., Damrongwatanasuk, R., Chen, C. L., Gupta, D., et al. (2018) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2018.02.037 · Cited by 1,608
Self-citationHaslam, A., & Prasad, V. (2019) · JAMA Network Open · doi:10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2019.2535 · Cited by 1,413
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- 10.1161/CIR0000000000000745 · DOI
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 101–200 of 849
Baumeier, C., Harms, D., Aleshcheva, G., Gross, U., Escher, F., & Schultheiß, H. (2023) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm12155050 · Cited by 27
Diagnosis, Investigation and Management of Patients with Acute and Chronic Myocardial Injury
Taggart, C., Wereski, R., Mills, N. L., & Chapman, A. R. (2021) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm10112331 · Cited by 27
Role of Toll-Like Receptors and Th Responses in Viral Myocarditis
Zheng, S.-Y., & Dong, J.-Z. (2022) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.843891 · Cited by 27
Rikhi, R. R., Karnuta, J. M., Hussain, M., Collier, P. H., Funchain, P., Tang, W. H. W., Chan, T. A.-T., & Moudgil, R. (2021) · Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine · doi:10.3389/fcvm.2021.721333 · Cited by 28
Collaborators, G., & Roth, G. A. (2025) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.5392535 · Cited by 27
Pelliccia, F., Pepine, C. J., Berry, C., & Camici, P. G. (2021) · International Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2021.05.045 · Cited by 26
Self-citationDiagnosis, risk stratification and management of myocarditis
Müller, M., Cooper, L. T., & Heidecker, B. (2021) · Heart · doi:10.1136/heartjnl-2021-319027 · Cited by 26
Self-citationDifferent Phases of Disease in Lymphocytic Myocarditis
Casella, M., Gasperetti, A., Compagnucci, P., Narducci, M. L., Pelargonio, G., Catto, V., Carbucicchio, C., Bencardino, G., Conte, E., Schicchi, N., et al. (2022) · JACC. Clinical electrophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacep.2022.10.004 · Cited by 26
Self-citationDavis, M. G., Bobba, A., Chourasia, P., Gangu, K., Shuja, H., Dandachi, D., Farooq, A., Avula, S. R., Shekhar, R., & Sheikh, A. B. (2022) · Viruses · doi:10.3390/v14122791 · Cited by 25
Risk Stratification in Cardiac Sarcoidosis With Cardiac Positron Emission Tomography
Kafil, T. S., Shaikh, O. M., Fanous, Y., Benjamen, J., Hashmi, M. M., Jawad, A., Dahrouj, T., Abazid, R. M., Swiha, M. M., Romsa, J. G., et al. (2024) · JACC. Cardiovascular imaging · doi:10.1016/j.jcmg.2024.05.013 · Cited by 25
Self-citationZhou, N., Zhao, Y., Jiang, J., Shen, L., Li, J.-M., Wan, J., Ma, X., Zhang, J., Ammirati, E., & Wang, D. W. (2021) · Signal Transduction and Targeted Therapy · doi:10.1038/s41392-021-00700-6 · Cited by 25
Self-citationHaaf, P., Kuster, G. M., Mueller, C. E., Berger, C. T., Monney, P. A., Burger, P., Stämpfli, S. F., Jost, C. H. A., Zellweger, M. J., Osswald, S., et al. (2021) · Swiss Medical Weekly · doi:10.4414/smw.2021.w30087 · Cited by 26
Parvovirus B19 myocarditis in children: a diagnostic and therapeutic approach
Esmel-Vilomara, R., Dolader, P., Izquierdo-Blasco, J., Balcells, J., Sorlí, M., Escudero, F., Vera, E., & y, F. G. (2022) · European Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1007/s00431-022-04406-x · Cited by 25
Fulminant myocarditis in adults: a narrative review.
Montero, S., Abrams, D. C., Ammirati, E., Huang, F., Donker, D. W., Hékimian, G., García‐García, C., Bayés‐Genís, A., Combes, A., & Schmidt, M. (2022) · PubMed · doi:10.11909/j.issn.1671-5411.2022.02.006 · Cited by 26
Self-citationCOVID-19 Myocarditis: An Emerging Clinical Conundrum
Okor, I., Bob‐Manuel, T., Price, J. H., Sleem, A., Amoran, O., Kelly, J. M., Ekerete, M. F., Bamgbose, M. O., Bolaji, O. A., & Krim, S. R. (2022) · Current Problems in Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.cpcardiol.2022.101268 · Cited by 25
Acute cardiac side effects after COVID-19 mRNA vaccination: a case series
Freise, N. F., Kivel, M., Grebe, O. C., Meyer, C. G., Wafaisade, B., Peiper, M., Zeus, T., Schmidt, J., Neuwahl, J., Jazmati, D., et al. (2022) · European journal of medical research · doi:10.1186/s40001-022-00695-y · Cited by 26
Role of genetics in inflammatory cardiomyopathy
Scheel, P. J., Cartella, I., Murray, B. A., Gilotra, N. A., & Ammirati, E. (2024) · International Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2024.131777 · Cited by 25
Self-citationIntracellular virus sensor MDA5 mutation develops autoimmune myocarditis and nephritis
Ohto, T., Tayeh, A. A., Nishikomori, R., Abe, H., Hashimoto, K., Baba, S., Arias-Loza, P.-A., Soda, N., Satoh, S., Matsuda, M., et al. (2022) · Journal of Autoimmunity · doi:10.1016/j.jaut.2022.102794 · Cited by 24
Xiong, Y., Zhang, Z., Liu, S., Shen, L., Zheng, L., Ding, L., Liu, L., Wu, L., Hu, Z., Li, L., et al. (2024) · International Journal of Nanomedicine · doi:10.2147/ijn.s487598 · Cited by 24
Obradović, D., Rommel, K., Blazek, S., Klingel, K., Gutberlet, M., Lücke, C., Buttner, P. G., Thiele, H., Adams, V., Lurz, P. C., et al. (2021) · ESC Heart Failure · doi:10.1002/ehf2.13304 · Cited by 25
Self-citationCardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging in myocardial involvement of systemic lupus erythematosus
Luo, S., Dou, W. Q., Schoepf, U. J., Varga‐Szemes, Á., Pridgen, W. T., & Zhang, L. J. (2022) · Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.tcm.2022.02.002 · Cited by 24
Liu, C., Fan, Z., He, D., Chen, H., Zhang, S., Guo, S., Zheng, B., Cen, H., Zhao, Y., Liu, H., et al. (2022) · Pharmaceutics · doi:10.3390/pharmaceutics14040758 · Cited by 24
Determinants of COVID-19 vaccine-induced myocarditis
Rose, J., Hulscher, N., & McCullough, P. A. (2024) · Therapeutic Advances in Drug Safety · doi:10.1177/20420986241226566 · Cited by 25
Assessing the impact of mRNA vaccination in chronic inflammatory murine model
Lee, S., Lee, J., Cho, S., Roh, G., Park, H., Lee, Y.-J., Jeon, H.-E., Lee, Y., Bae, S., Youn, S. B., et al. (2024) · npj Vaccines · doi:10.1038/s41541-024-00825-z · Cited by 24
Atlas of Regional Left Ventricular Scar in Nonischemic Cardiomyopathies
Franco, A. D., Ruggieri, R., Pieroni, M., Ciabatti, M., Zocchi, C., Biagioni, G., Tavanti, V., Pace, S. D., Leone, O., Favale, S., et al. (2024) · JACC Advances · doi:10.1016/j.jacadv.2024.101214 · Cited by 24
Matsumori, A. (2023) · Expert Review of Cardiovascular Therapy · doi:10.1080/14779072.2023.2219895 · Cited by 24
Prognostic Implications of Clinical and Imaging Diagnostic Criteria for Myocarditis
Bernhard, B., Marxer, M. E., Zurkirchen, J. C., Schütze, J., Wahl, A., Elchinova, E., Spano, G., Berto, M. B., Wieser, M., Garefa, C., et al. (2024) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2024.07.018 · Cited by 24
Manfredi, R., Bianco, F., Bucciarelli, V., Ciliberti, G., Guerra, F., Schicchi, N., Tavio, M., Berton, E., Surace, F. C., Colaneri, M., et al. (2022) · Vaccines · doi:10.3390/vaccines10020169 · Cited by 23
Ohta-Ogo, K., Sugano, Y., Ogata, S., Nakayama, T., Komori, T., Eguchi, K., Dohi, K., Yokokawa, T., Kanamori, H., Nishimura, S., et al. (2022) · Circulation Journal · doi:10.1253/circj.cj-21-0529 · Cited by 24
Layer-specific Strain Analysis with Cardiac MRI Feature Tracking in Acute Myocarditis
Isaak, A., Kravchenko, D., Mesropyan, N., Endler, C., Bischoff, L. M., Vollbrecht, T. M., Thomas, D., Dabir, D., Zimmer, S., Attenberger, U. I., et al. (2022) · Radiology Cardiothoracic Imaging · doi:10.1148/ryct.210318 · Cited by 23
Immune Cell Activation in Obesity and Cardiovascular Disease
Garcia, J. N., Wanjalla, C. N., Mashayekhi, M., & Hasty, A. H. (2022) · Current Hypertension Reports · doi:10.1007/s11906-022-01222-4 · Cited by 25
MINOCA: One Size Fits All? Probably Not—A Review of Etiology, Investigation, and Treatment
de Oliveira, L. L. H., Correia, V. M., Nicz, P. F. G., Soares, P. R., & Scudeler, T. L. (2022) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm11195497 · Cited by 23
Incidence and risk factors of myocarditis in hospitalized patients with COVID‐19
Keller, K., Sagoschen, I., Konstantinides, S., Gori, T., Münzel, T. F., & Hobohm, L. (2023) · Journal of Medical Virology · doi:10.1002/jmv.28646 · Cited by 23
Korean Society of Heart Failure Guidelines for the Management of Heart Failure: Treatment
Youn, J., Kim, D., Cho, J. Y., Cho, D., Park, S. M., Jung, M., Hyun, J., Cho, H., Park, S., Choi, J., et al. (2023) · Korean Circulation Journal · doi:10.4070/kcj.2023.0047 · Cited by 23
The Molecular Role of Immune Cells in Dilated Cardiomyopathy
Wang, E., Zhou, R., Li, T., Hua, Y., Zhou, K., Li, Y., Luo, S., & An, Q. (2023) · Medicina · doi:10.3390/medicina59071246 · Cited by 24
Wang, Y., Li, M., Chen, J., Yu, Y., Yu, Y. Q., Shi, H., Liu, X., Chen, Z., Chen, R., & Ge, J. (2023) · Free Radical Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2023.08.032 · Cited by 23
Domínguez, F., Uribarri, A., Larrañaga-Moreira, J. M., Ruiz‐Guerrero, L., Pueyo, P. P., Gayán-Ordás, J., Fernández-González, B., Esteban‐Fernández, A., Barreiro‐Pérez, M., López‐Fernández, S., et al. (2024) · Revista Española de Cardiología · doi:10.1016/j.recesp.2024.02.014 · Cited by 22
Myocarditis in Patients With Idiopathic Inflammatory Myopathies: Clinical Presentation and Outcomes
Chung, M. P., Lovell, J. P., Kelly, W., Mecoli, C. A., Albayda, J., Christopher‐Stine, L., Gilotra, N. A., & Paik, J. J. (2023) · The Journal of Rheumatology · doi:10.3899/jrheum.220989 · Cited by 22
El‐Battrawy, I., Koepsel, K., Tenbrink, D., Kovacs, B., Dreher, T. C., Blockhaus, C., Gotzmann, M., Klein, N., Kuntz, T., Shin, D., et al. (2023) · Journal of the American Heart Association · doi:10.1161/jaha.123.030615 · Cited by 22
Chabior, A., Tymińska, A., Pawlak, A., Giordani, A. S., Caforio, A. L. P., Grabowski, M., & Ozierański, K. (2024) · Cardiology Journal · doi:10.5603/cj.95175 · Cited by 23
The Spectrum of COVID-19-Associated Myocarditis: A Patient-Tailored Multidisciplinary Approach
Peretto, G., Villatore, A., Rizzo, S., Esposito, A., Luca, G. D. D., Palmisano, A., Vignale, D., Cappelletti, A. M., Tresoldi, M., Campochiaro, C., et al. (2021) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm10091974 · Cited by 22
Self-citationEosinophilic myocarditis: systematic review
Techasatian, W., Gozun, M. K., Vo, K. B., Yokoyama, J., Nagamine, T., Shah, P., Vu, K., Zhang, J., & Nishimura, Y. (2023) · Heart · doi:10.1136/heartjnl-2023-323225 · Cited by 21
Anti-inflammatory pharmacotherapy in patients with cardiovascular disease
Finocchiaro, S., Mazzone, P. M., Ammirabile, N., Bordonaro, C., Cusmano, C., Cutore, L., Leo, G. D., Faro, D. C., Giacoppo, D., Greco, A., et al. (2025) · European Heart Journal - Cardiovascular Pharmacotherapy · doi:10.1093/ehjcvp/pvaf058 · Cited by 22
Role of Cardiac Magnetic Resonance Imaging in the Evaluation of MINOCA
Daneshrad, J. A., Ordovas, K. G., Sierra-Galán, L. M., Hays, A. G., Mamas, M. A., Bucciarelli‐Ducci, C., & Parwani, P. J. (2023) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm12052017 · Cited by 21
Novel tracers to assess myocardial inflammation with radionuclide imaging
Lucinian, Y. A., Martineau, P., Abikhzer, G., Harel, F., & Pelletier‐Galarneau, M. (2024) · Journal of Nuclear Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.nuclcard.2024.102012 · Cited by 21
Toll-Like Receptors: Are They Taking a Toll on the Heart in Viral Myocarditis?
Favere, K., Bosman, M., Klingel, K., Heymans, S. R. B., Linthout, S. V., Delputte, P., SUTTER, J. D., Heidbüchel, H., & Guns, P. (2021) · Viruses · doi:10.3390/v13061003 · Cited by 21
Self-citationChen, Y., Luo, Y., Liu, Y., Qiu, X., Luo, D., & Liu, A. (2025) · Inflammation Research · doi:10.1007/s00011-024-01979-1 · Cited by 21
Halushka, M. K., d’Amati, G., Bois, M. C., Fallon, J. T., Giordano, C., Klingel, K., Leduc, C., Mitchell, R. N., Rizzo, S., & Basso, C. (2025) · Cardiovascular Pathology · doi:10.1016/j.carpath.2025.107759 · Cited by 21
Self-citationSuccessful Heart Transplantation for COVID-19-Associated Post-Infectious Fulminant Myocarditis
Gaudriot, B., Mansour, A., Thibault, V., Léderlin, M., Cauchois, A., Lelong, B., Ross, J. T., Leurent, G., Tadié, J., Revest, M., et al. (2021) · ESC Heart Failure · doi:10.1002/ehf2.13326 · Cited by 20
Lymphohistocytic myocarditis after Ad26.COV2.S viral vector COVID-19 vaccination
Ujueta, F., Azimi, R., Lozier, M. R., Poppiti, R., & Ciment, A. J. (2021) · IJC Heart & Vasculature · doi:10.1016/j.ijcha.2021.100869 · Cited by 20
Kim, M.-J., Jung, H. O., Kim, H., Bae, Y., Lee, S. Y., & Jeon, D. S. (2023) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0281296 · Cited by 20
Cardiovascular Manifestations of the Long COVID Syndrome
Ros, M. L., Das, S., Elias, J., Frishman, W. H., & Aronow, W. S. (2023) · Cardiology in Review · doi:10.1097/crd.0000000000000552 · Cited by 20
Cavarretta, E., D’Ascenzi, F., Bianco, M., Castelletti, S., Cavigli, L., Cecchi, F., D’Andrea, A., Luca, A. D., Salvo, G. D., Nistri, S., et al. (2024) · International Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2024.132230 · Cited by 20
When, Why and How to Re-challenge Clozapine in Schizophrenia Following Myocarditis
Qubad, M., Dupont, G., Hahn, M., Martin, S. S., Püntmann, V. O., Nagel, E. C., Reif, A., & Bittner, R. A. (2024) · CNS Drugs · doi:10.1007/s40263-024-01100-4 · Cited by 20
Pilati, M., Rebonato, M., Formigari, R., & Butera, G. (2022) · Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease · doi:10.3390/jcdd9010024 · Cited by 22
Cardiac Involvement in Eosinophilic Granulomatosis with Polyangiitis
Srikantharajah, M., Gopalan, D., Wilson-Morkeh, H., Siddiqui, S., McAdoo, S. P., & Youngstein, T. (2025) · Current Cardiology Reports · doi:10.1007/s11886-025-02258-z · Cited by 19
Myocardial Injury in COVID-19 and Its Implications in Short- and Long-Term Outcomes
Izquierdo-Marquisá, A., Cubero-Gallego, H., Aparisi, Á., Vaquerizo, B., & Ribas, N. (2022) · Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine · doi:10.3389/fcvm.2022.901245 · Cited by 20
Magalhães, T. A., Carneiro, A. C. D. C., Moreira, V. D. M., Trad, H. S., Uellendahl, M. M., Cerci, R., Nacif, M. S., Schvartzman, P. R., Chagas, A. C. P., Costa, I. B. S. D. S., et al. (2024) · Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia · doi:10.36660/abc.20240608 · Cited by 21
Seidel, F., Laser, K. T., Klingel, K., Dartsch, J., Theisen, S., Pickardt, T., Holtgrewe, M., Gärtner, A., Berger, F. F., Beule, D., et al. (2022) · Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease · doi:10.3390/jcdd9070216 · Cited by 20
Self-citationDiagnosing myocarditis in endomyocardial biopsies: survey of current practice
Gaspari, M. D., Larsen, B. T., d’Amati, G., Kreutz, K., Basso, C., Michaud, K., Halushka, M. K., & Lin, C. (2022) · Cardiovascular Pathology · doi:10.1016/j.carpath.2022.107494 · Cited by 19
Self-citationStamate, E., Culea-Florescu, A.-L., Miron, M., Piraianu, A. I., Dumitrascu, A. G., Fulga, I., Fulga, A., Patrascanu, O. S., Iancu, D., Ciobotaru, O. C., et al. (2025) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm14113698 · Cited by 18
Wang, J., Zhang, X., Yang, X., Yu, H., Bu, M.-M., Fu, J., Zhang, Z., Xu, H., Hu, J., Lu, J., et al. (2023) · Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology · doi:10.3389/fcimb.2023.1191936 · Cited by 18
The Role of the Immune System in Pathobiology and Therapy of Myocarditis: A Review
Vicenzetto, C., Giordani, A. S., Menghi, C., Baritussio, A., Cattini, M., Pontara, E., Bison, E., Rizzo, S., Gaspari, M. D., Basso, C., et al. (2024) · Biomedicines · doi:10.3390/biomedicines12061156 · Cited by 18
Self-citationAmmirati, E., Varrenti, M., Veronese, G., Fanti, D., Nava, A., Cipriani, M., Pedrotti, P., Garascia, A., Bottiroli, M., Oliva, F. G., et al. (2021) · European Journal of Heart Failure · doi:10.1002/ejhf.2247 · Cited by 18
Self-citationCOVID-19 Vaccines and Myocarditis: An Overview of Current Evidence
Hromić‐Jahjefendić, A., Sezer, A., Aljabali, A. A. A., Serrano‐Aroca, Á., Tambuwala, M. M., Uversky, V. N., Redwan, E. M. M. M., Barh, D., & Lundstrom, K. H. (2023) · Biomedicines · doi:10.3390/biomedicines11051469 · Cited by 19
Macrophage, a potential targeted therapeutic immune cell for cardiomyopathy
Chen, G., Jiang, H., Yao, Y., Tao, Z., Chen, W., Huang, F., & Chen, X. (2022) · Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology · doi:10.3389/fcell.2022.908790 · Cited by 18
MicroRNAs As Novel Biomarkers and Potential Therapeutic Options for Inflammatory Cardiomyopathy
Aleshcheva, G., Baumeier, C., Harms, D., Bock, C.-T., Escher, F., & Schultheiss, H.-P. (2023) · ESC Heart Failure · doi:10.1002/ehf2.14523 · Cited by 17
Morciano, G., Pellielo, G., Agyapong, E. D., Pellegrino, C., Patergnani, S., Franceschini, D., Koutsikos, K., Rigon, L., Pinton, P., & Rimessi, A. (2026) · Journal of Translational Medicine · doi:10.1186/s12967-026-07783-1 · Cited by 17
Analysis of clinical characteristics of mesalazine-induced cardiotoxicity
Chen, J., Duan, T., Fang, W., Liu, S., & Wang, C. (2022) · Frontiers in Pharmacology · doi:10.3389/fphar.2022.970597 · Cited by 17
Cannata, A. N., Bhatti, P., Roy, R., Al-Agil, M., Daniel, A., Ferone, E., Jordan, A., Cassimon, B., Bradwell, S. B., Khawaja, A., et al. (2022) · Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine · doi:10.3389/fcvm.2022.1037837 · Cited by 17
Clinical profiling and outcomes of viral myocarditis manifesting with ventricular arrhythmias
Peretto, G., Sala, S., Carturan, E., Rizzo, S., Villatore, A., Luca, G. D. D., Campochiaro, C., Palmisano, A., Vignale, D., Gaspari, M. D., et al. (2023) · European Heart Journal Open · doi:10.1093/ehjopen/oead132 · Cited by 17
Self-citationGenomics of pediatric cardiomyopathy
Lee, T. M., Ware, S. M., Kamsheh, A. M., Bhatnagar, S., Absi, M. A., Miller, E., Purevjav, E., Ryan, K. A., Towbin, J. A., & Lipshultz, S. E. (2025) · Pediatric Research · doi:10.1038/s41390-025-03819-2 · Cited by 17
Role of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance to Assess Cardiovascular Inflammation
Filomena, D., Dresselaers, T., & Bogaert, J. G. (2022) · Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine · doi:10.3389/fcvm.2022.877364 · Cited by 18
COVID-19 Vaccine-Induced Myocarditis: A Systemic Review and Literature Search
Khan, Z. U., Pabani, U. K., Gul, A., Muhammad, S. A., Yousif, Y., Abumedian, M., Elmahdi, O., & Gupta, A. (2022) · Cureus · doi:10.7759/cureus.27408 · Cited by 18
Esmaeilzadeh, A., Maleki, A. J., Moradi, A., Siahmansouri, A., Barhaghtalab, M. J. Y., Karami, P., & Elahi, R. (2022) · Expert Review of Vaccines · doi:10.1080/14760584.2022.2116008 · Cited by 17
Cardiac Sarcoidosis and Giant Cell Myocarditis: Actually, 2 Ends of the Same Disease?
Birnie, D. H., Nair, V., & Veinot, J. P. (2021) · Journal of the American Heart Association · doi:10.1161/jaha.121.020542 · Cited by 17
Self-citationDawi, J., Affa, S., Misakyan, Y., Fardeheb, S., Kades, S., Kiriaki, A., Mohan, A. S., Norris, B. M., Yoon, S., & Venketaraman, V. (2024) · BioMolecular Concepts · doi:10.1515/bmc-2022-0051 · Cited by 16
Tong, Z., Yan, X., Chen, T., Song, W., Su, D., Wang, N., Zhang, Y., Kong, Y., Wang, D., Wang, P., et al. (2025) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.125.073836 · Cited by 17
Soliman-Aboumarie, H., Tavazzi, G., Via, G., Guarracino, F., Stanković, I., Hagendorff, A., Gargani, L., Cardim, N. M., Flachskampf, F. A., Bax, J. J., et al. (2025) · European Heart Journal - Cardiovascular Imaging · doi:10.1093/ehjci/jeaf246 · Cited by 16
Cardiac complications in patients with COVID-19: a systematic review
Brogi, E., Marino, F. V., Bertini, P., Tavazzi, G., Corradi, F., & Forfori, F. (2022) · Journal of Anesthesia Analgesia and Critical Care · doi:10.1186/s44158-022-00046-7 · Cited by 16
Myocarditis: causes, mechanisms, and evolving therapies
Kyaw, T. S., Drummond, G. R., Bobik, A., & Peter, K. (2023) · Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Targets · doi:10.1080/14728222.2023.2193330 · Cited by 16
State-of-the-Art Document on Optimal Contemporary Management of Cardiomyopathies
Seferovic, P. M., Polovina, M. M., Rosano, G. M. C., Bozkurt, B., Metra, M., Heymans, S. R. B., Müllens, W., Bauersachs, J. K., Sliwa, K. S., de Boer, R. A., et al. (2023) · European Journal of Heart Failure · doi:10.1002/ejhf.2979 · Cited by 16
Self-citationMalandrino, D., Bello, F., Lopalco, G., Cantarini, L., Olivotto, I., Emmi, G., & Prisco, D. (2023) · Internal and Emergency Medicine · doi:10.1007/s11739-023-03514-2 · Cited by 16
Calcaterra, V., Zanelli, S., Foppiani, A., Verduci, E., Benatti, B., Bollina, R., Bombaci, F., Brucato, A. L., Cammarata, S., Calabrò, E., et al. (2024) · Diseases · doi:10.3390/diseases12050095 · Cited by 17
A framework for exclusion of alternative diagnoses in sarcoidosis
Harper, L. J., Farver, C. F., Yadav, R., & Culver, D. A. (2024) · Journal of Autoimmunity · doi:10.1016/j.jaut.2024.103288 · Cited by 16
Hu, X., Wei, Y., & Shuai, X. (2021) · Frontiers in Immunology · doi:10.3389/fimmu.2021.799077 · Cited by 16
Biopsy-Proven Giant Cell Myocarditis Following the COVID-19 Vaccine
Sung, K., McCain, J., King, K. R., Hong, K. N., Aisagbonhi, O. A., ADLER, E. D., & Urey, M. A. (2022) · Circulation Heart Failure · doi:10.1161/circheartfailure.121.009321 · Cited by 15
Self-citationJiménez, J., Kostelecky, N., Mitchell, J. D., Zhang, K. W., Lin, C., Lenihan, D. J., & Lavine, K. J. (2023) · Cardio-Oncology · doi:10.1186/s40959-023-00166-1 · Cited by 15
Kirkpatrick, J. N., Swaminathan, M., Adedipe, A. A., Garcia-Sayan, E. D., Hung, J., Kelly, N., Kort, S., Nagueh, S. F., Poh, K. K., Sarwal, A., et al. (2023) · Journal of the American Society of Echocardiography · doi:10.1016/j.echo.2023.08.020 · Cited by 15
Li, B., Cao, X., Ai, G., Liu, Y., Lv, C., Jin, L., Xu, R., Zhao, G., & Yuan, H. (2022) · International Immunopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.intimp.2022.109343 · Cited by 15
Manno, E. C., Amodio, D., Cotugno, N., Rossetti, C., Giancotta, C., Santilli, V., Zangari, P., Rotulo, G. A., Villani, A., Giglioni, E., et al. (2022) · The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal · doi:10.1097/inf.0000000000003762 · Cited by 15
Fulminant myocarditis: outcome predictors in an international cohort study
Majunke, N., Haertel, F., Binzenhöfer, L., Fischer, N., Höpler, J., Scherzer, M., Hoffmann, S., Scherer, C., Lanz, H., Hering, D., et al. (2025) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehaf671 · Cited by 16
Natural History of Patients With Histologically Proven Acute Eosinophilic Myocarditis
Ammirati, E., Palazzini, M., Lehtonen, J. Y. A., Potena, L., Mäyränpää, M. I., Rågback, J., Foà, A., Uribarri, A., Thiele, H., Vidal-Burdeus, M., et al. (2026) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.125.074797 · Cited by 14
Self-citationLi, F., Guo, L., Li, Q., Xu, H., Fu, Y., Huang, L., Feng, G., Liu, G., Chen, X., & Xie, Z. (2024) · BMC Pediatrics · doi:10.1186/s12887-024-04776-1 · Cited by 14
Immunoglobin attenuates fulminant myocarditis by inhibiting overactivated innate immune response
Wen, J., Li, H., Zhou, Y., Du, H., Guo, H., Zheng, W., Tang, D., Wang, Y., Cui, X., Zhou, Z., et al. (2024) · British Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1111/bph.17372 · Cited by 14
Venkataraman, S., Bhardwaj, A., Belford, P. M., Morris, B. N., Zhao, D. X.-M., & Vallabhajosyula, S. (2022) · Medicina · doi:10.3390/medicina58020215 · Cited by 17
Čiháková, D., Shi, Y., Adhikari, B., Bandettini, W. P., Cunningham, M. W., Danthi, N., Friedrich, M. G., Liu, P., Longacre, L. S., Mann, D. L., et al. (2022) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm11195721 · Cited by 13
Self-citationAcute myocarditis associated with the Pfizer/BioNTech vaccine
Shumkova, M., Vassilev, D. I., Karamfiloff, K. K., Ivanova, R., Stoyanova, K., Yaneva‐Sirakova, T., & Gil, R. J. (2021) · Kardiologia Polska · doi:10.33963/kp.a2021.0095 · Cited by 13
Hassan, K., Doubell, A. F., Kyriakakis, C. G., Joubert, L., Robbertse, P. S., van Zyl, G. U., Zaharie, D., & Herbst, P. G. (2022) · Journal of Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance · doi:10.1186/s12968-022-00903-y · Cited by 13
2023 Chinese expert consensus on the impact of COVID-19 on the management of cardiovascular diseases
Branch of Cardiovascular Physicians of Chinese Medical Doctor Association (2023) · Cardiology Plus · doi:10.1097/cp9.0000000000000043 · Cited by 13
Metadata
- Authors
- Ammirati, E., Frigerio, M., Adler, E. D., Basso, C., Birnie, D. H., Brambatti, M., Friedrich, M. G., Klingel, K., Lehtonen, J., Moslehi, J. J., Pedrotti, P., Rimoldi, O. E., Schultheiss, H.-P., Tschöpe, C., Cooper, L. T., & Camici, P. G.
- Affiliations
- Vita-Salute San Raffaele University (IT)
- Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale Grande Ospedale Metropolitano Niguarda (IT)
- University of California San Diego (US)
- University of Padua (IT)
- Ottawa Heart Institute (CA)
- Ionis Pharmaceuticals (United States) (US)
- McGill University (CA)
- Universitätsklinikum Tübingen (DE)
- Helsinki University Hospital (FI)
- Vanderbilt University Medical Center (US)
- IBFM CNR, Segrate, Italy (O.E.R.).
- Institute for Cardiac Diagnostics and Therapy, Berlin, Germany (H.-P.S.).
- Berlin-Brandenburger Centrum für Regenerative Therapien (DE)
- Mayo Clinic (US)
- Corresponding author
- Ammirati, Enrico
- Camici, Paolo G.
- ORCID
- Venue
- Circulation: Heart Failure
- Published
- 2020-11
- Volume
- 13
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- e007405-e007405
- ISSN
- 1941-3289 (ISSN-L)
- 1941-3297
- PMC
- PMC7673642
- OpenAlex
- W3103940138
- Semantic Scholar
- beb20d26bcaef45ecb6c5c865df17930929b84c5
- Cited by
- 811
- References
- 123
- Citations by year
- 2026: 122 · 2025: 155 · 2024: 185 · 2023: 150 · 2022: 137 · 2021: 60 · 2020: 1
- FWCI
- 53.83
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Circulation Heart Failure (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
- Padua Research Archive (University of Padova) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislaufforschung
- Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung
- Regione del Veneto
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01HL141466, R01HL155990)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Infectious Diseases › Viral Infections and Immunology Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Pericarditis and Cardiac Tamponade
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiomyopathy and Myosin Studies
- Keywords
- acute myocarditis, dilated cardiomyopathy, myocarditis, cardiac magnetic resonance imaging, viral myocarditis, myocardial fibrosis, histopathology, prognosis, treatment guidelines, expert consensus
- MeSH terms
- Acute Disease, Cardiology, Chronic Disease, Humans, Myocarditis, Terminology as Topic, Predictive Value of Tests, Risk Factors, Treatment Outcome, Consensus
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
