Long-term outcomes of catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: In the past decade, catheter ablation has become an established therapy for symptomatic atrial fibrillation (AF). Until very recently, few data have been available to guide the clinical community on the outcomes of AF ablation at ≥3 years of follow-up. We aimed to systematically review the medical literature to evaluate the long-term outcomes of AF ablation. METHODS AND RESULTS: A structured electronic database search (PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane) of the scientific literature was performed for studies describing outcomes at ≥3 years after AF ablation, with a mean follow-up of ≥24 months after the index procedure. The following data were extracted: (1) single-procedure success, (2) multiple-procedure success, and (3) requirement for repeat procedures. Data were extracted from 19 studies, including 6167 patients undergoing AF ablation. Single-procedure freedom from atrial arrhythmia at long-term follow-up was 53.1% (95% CI 46.2% to 60.0%) overall, 54.1% (95% CI 44.4% to 63.4%) in paroxysmal AF, and 41.8% (95% CI 25.2% to 60.5%) in nonparoxysmal AF. Substantial heterogeneity (I(2)>50%) was noted for single-procedure outcomes. With multiple procedures, the long-term success rate was 79.8% (95% CI 75.0% to 83.8%) overall, with significant heterogeneity (I(2)>50%).The average number of procedures per patient was 1.51 (95% CI 1.36 to 1.67). CONCLUSIONS: Catheter ablation is an effective and durable long-term therapeutic strategy for some AF patients. Although significant heterogeneity is seen with single procedures, long-term freedom from atrial arrhythmia can be achieved in some patients, but multiple procedures may be required.
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Sinus rhythm without severely symptomatic recurrences of atrial fibrillation is found in up to 70% of patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation and around 50% in persistent atrial fibrillation.
“Sinus rhythm without severely symptomatic recurrences of AF is found in up to 70% of patients with paroxysmal AF, and around 50% in persistent AF. 713,728,735,1042”
From 2016 ESC Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation developed in collaboration with EACTS (2016) · cites this paper as [728]
Very late recurrence of atrial fibrillation after years of sinus rhythm is not uncommon.
“Very late recurrence of AF after years of sinus rhythm is not uncommon and may reflect disease progression, with important implications for continuation of AF therapies.728”
From 2016 ESC Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation developed in collaboration with EACTS (2016) · cites this paper as [728]
Most patients require more than one procedure to achieve symptom control after catheter ablation of atrial fibrillation.
“Most patients require more than one procedure to achieve symptom control.713,726,728”
From 2016 ESC Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation developed in collaboration with EACTS (2016) · cites this paper as [728]
Very late recurrence of atrial fibrillation after years of sinus rhythm may reflect disease progression.
“Very late recurrence of AF after years of sinus rhythm is not uncommon and may reflect disease progression, with important implications for continuation of AF therapies.728”
From 2016 ESC Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation developed in collaboration with EACTS (2016) · cites this paper as [728]
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Cites
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“Heterogeneity was assessed with the I(2) statistic, with 50% defined as the threshold for significant heterogeneity.(8) Subgroup analysis and random-effects metaregression were performed to explore possible reasons for heterogeneity of study outcomes.”
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BackgroundInfluentialGuidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation
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Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation
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“Six studies provided overall outcome data for mixed PAF/NPAF cohorts.(9,10,12,19,24,25) Study quality was assessed using a modified version of quality assessment criteria for case series.”
MethodCatheter Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation
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“Six studies provided overall outcome data for mixed PAF/NPAF cohorts.(9,10,12,19,24,25) Study quality was assessed using a modified version of quality assessment criteria for case series.”
BackgroundMethodLong-Term Results of Catheter Ablation in Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation
Ouyang, F. O., Tilz, R. R., Chun, J., Schmidt, B., Wißner, E., Zerm, T., Neven, K. G. E. J., Köktürk, B., Konstantinidou, M., Metzner, A., et al. (2010) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.110.946806 · Cited by 705 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Mechanisms of Recurrence Mechanisms of recurrence were reported in 5 studies.(16,17,19,21,22) In these 5 studies, 3 of which reported data exclusively from PAF patients, PV reconnection was noted in 417 of 423 patients who underwent repeat ablation; the rate of ≥1 PV reconnection was 97.”
Pericardial Fat Is Associated With Atrial Fibrillation Severity and Ablation Outcome
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Outcomes of long-standing persistent atrial fibrillation ablation: A systematic review
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“In recent years, however, meta-analysis has become accepted in the literature to aggregate results from observational data, to facilitate synthesis of available evidence and generation of new hypotheses.(37,38) In the case of AF ablation, the procedure is relatively new, with significant ongoing innovation in technolo…”
Ng, C. Y., Liu, T., Shehata, M. M., Stevens, S. M., Chugh, S. S., & Wang, X. (2011) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2011.02.343 · Cited by 363 · see citing works
Atrial remodeling in obstructive sleep apnea: Implications for atrial fibrillation
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Pulmonary Vein Isolation for the Maintenance of Sinus Rhythm in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation
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“Mechanisms of Recurrence Mechanisms of recurrence were reported in 5 studies.(16,17,19,21,22) In these 5 studies, 3 of which reported data exclusively from PAF patients, PV reconnection was noted in 417 of 423 patients who underwent repeat ablation; the rate of ≥1 PV reconnection was 97.”
BackgroundBalk, E. M., Garlitski, A. C., Alsheikh-Ali, A. A. A., Terasawa, T., Chung, M. C., & Ip, S. (2010) · Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology · doi:10.1111/j.1540-8167.2010.01798.x · Cited by 259 · see citing works
Long-Term Outcome After Successful Catheter Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation
Tzou, W. S., Marchlinski, F. E., Zado, E. S., Lin, D., Dixit, S., Callans, D. J., Cooper, J. M., Bala, R., Garcia, F. C., Hutchinson, M. D., et al. (2010) · Circulation Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology · doi:10.1161/circep.109.923771 · Cited by 237 · cited 3× · see citing works
“Six studies provided overall outcome data for mixed PAF/NPAF cohorts.(9,10,12,19,24,25) Study quality was assessed using a modified version of quality assessment criteria for case series.”
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“The 2 randomized controlled trials reported comparisons of ablation strategies.(14,15) Early studies tended to use nonirrigated conventional ablation catheters, with later published studies using predominantly irrigated ablation catheters.”
ResultRostock, T., Salukhe, T. V., Steven, D., Drewitz, I., Hoffmann, B. A., Bock, K., Servatius, H., Müllerleile, K., Sultan, A., Gosau, N., et al. (2011) · Heart Rhythm · doi:10.1016/j.hrthm.2011.04.012 · Cited by 209 · see citing works
Shah, A. N., Mittal, S., Sichrovsky, T., Cotiga, D., Arshad, A., Maleki, K., Pierce, W., & Steinberg, J. S. (2008) · Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology · doi:10.1111/j.1540-8167.2008.01101.x · Cited by 202 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Six studies provided overall outcome data for mixed PAF/NPAF cohorts.(9,10,12,19,24,25) Study quality was assessed using a modified version of quality assessment criteria for case series.”
MethodNatural History and Long-Term Outcomes of Ablated Atrial Fibrillation
Hussein, A. A., Saliba, W. I., Martin, D. O., Bhargava, M., Sherman, M., Magnelli-Reyes, C., Chamsi‐Pasha, M. A., John, S., Williams‐Andrews, M., Baranowski, B. J., et al. (2011) · Circulation Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology · doi:10.1161/circep.111.962100 · Cited by 165 · cited 2× · see citing works
“Six studies provided overall outcome data for mixed PAF/NPAF cohorts.(9,10,12,19,24,25) Study quality was assessed using a modified version of quality assessment criteria for case series.”
MethodPulmonary Vein Antral Isolation for Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation: Results from Long-Term Follow-Up
MEDI, C., SPARKS, P. B., Morton, J. B., Kistler, P. M., Halloran, K. M., Rosso, R., Vohra, J. K., Kumar, S., & Kalman, J. M. (2010) · Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology · doi:10.1111/j.1540-8167.2010.01885.x · Cited by 151 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Mechanisms of Recurrence Mechanisms of recurrence were reported in 5 studies.(16,17,19,21,22) In these 5 studies, 3 of which reported data exclusively from PAF patients, PV reconnection was noted in 417 of 423 patients who underwent repeat ablation; the rate of ≥1 PV reconnection was 97.”
Bertaglia, E., Tondo, C., Simone, A. D., Zoppo, F., Mantica, M., Turco, P., Iuliano, A., Forleo, G. B., Rocca, V. L., & Stabile, G. (2009) · EP Europace · doi:10.1093/europace/eup349 · Cited by 150 · see citing works
Li, W., Bai, Y., Zhang, H., Tang, R., Miao, C., Sang, C., Yin, X., Dong, J., & Ma, C. (2011) · Circulation Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology · doi:10.1161/circep.110.958405 · Cited by 133 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Comparisons to Previous Meta-analyses Over the years, a number of studies have addressed the shorter-term outcomes, predictors of recurrence,(28,29) or impact of specific types of ablation strategy.(35,36) The current study, for the first time, addresses the significant clinical issue of the long-term clinical outcome…”
ResultChambers, D., Rodgers, M., & Woolacott, N. (2009) · Journal of Clinical Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2008.12.010 · Cited by 121 · cited 2× · see citing works
“Study quality was assessed using a modified version of quality assessment criteria for case series.(6)”
MethodFive-Year Outcomes After Segmental Pulmonary Vein Isolation for Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation
Sawhney, N. S., Anousheh, R., Chen, W., Narayan, S. M., & Feld, G. K. (2009) · The American Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.amjcard.2009.03.044 · Cited by 115 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Mechanisms of Recurrence Mechanisms of recurrence were reported in 5 studies.(16,17,19,21,22) In these 5 studies, 3 of which reported data exclusively from PAF patients, PV reconnection was noted in 417 of 423 patients who underwent repeat ablation; the rate of ≥1 PV reconnection was 97.”
Winkle, R. A., Mead, R. H., Engel, G., & Patrawala, R. A. (2011) · American Heart Journal · doi:10.1016/j.ahj.2011.04.013 · Cited by 92 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Long-term single-procedure outcomes for longstanding persistent AF were reported in 3 studies,(17,23,27) but meta-analysis was not performed due to small numbers (<10 patients) of patients at late-term follow-up in 2 of these studies.(23,27) We specifically evaluated the impact of segmental compared with circumferenti…”
BackgroundKong, M. H., Piccini, J. P., & Bahnson, T. D. (2010) · EP Europace · doi:10.1093/europace/euq384 · Cited by 65 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Comparisons to Previous Meta-analyses Over the years, a number of studies have addressed the shorter-term outcomes, predictors of recurrence,(28,29) or impact of specific types of ablation strategy.(35,36) The current study, for the first time, addresses the significant clinical issue of the long-term clinical outcome…”
ResultLong-term follow-up after radiofrequency catheter ablation for atrial fibrillation
Katritsis, D. G., Wood, M. A., Giazitzoglou, E., Shepard, R. K., Kourlaba, G., & Ellenbogen, K. A. (2008) · EP Europace · doi:10.1093/europace/eun018 · Cited by 64 · cited 1× · see citing works
“Segmental PV isolation was used in 4 studies.(11,13,14,23) The stepwise ablation technique was the procedure of choice in 2 studies.”
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Characteristics of meta-analyses related to acceptance for publication in a medical journal
Stroup, D. F., Thacker, S. B., Olson, C. M., Glass, R. M., & Hutwagner, L. (2001) · Journal of Clinical Epidemiology · doi:10.1016/s0895-4356(00)00362-0 · Cited by 35 · cited 1× · see citing works
“In recent years, however, meta-analysis has become accepted in the literature to aggregate results from observational data, to facilitate synthesis of available evidence and generation of new hypotheses.(37,38) In the case of AF ablation, the procedure is relatively new, with significant ongoing innovation in technolo…”
Matsuo, S., Yamane, T., Date, T., et al. (2010) · American Heart Journal · doi:10.1016/j.ahj.2010.10.016 · Cited by 28 · cited 2× · see citing works
“Long-term single-procedure outcomes for longstanding persistent AF were reported in 3 studies,(17,23,27) but meta-analysis was not performed due to small numbers (<10 patients) of patients at late-term follow-up in 2 of these studies.(23,27) We specifically evaluated the impact of segmental compared with circumferenti…”
BackgroundMethodPratola, C., BALDO, E., Notarstefano, P., Toselli, T., & Ferrari, R. (2008) · Journal of Cardiovascular Medicine · doi:10.2459/jcm.0b013e3280bad879 · Cited by 9 · cited 2× · see citing works
“Six studies provided overall outcome data for mixed PAF/NPAF cohorts.(9,10,12,19,24,25) Study quality was assessed using a modified version of quality assessment criteria for case series.”
MethodThe "file drawer" phenomenon: suppressing clinical evidence.
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Research works printed but not linked: 1
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2016 ESC Guidelines for the management of atrial fibrillation developed in collaboration with EACTS
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“Most patients require more than one procedure to achieve symptom control.(713,726,728) In general, better rhythm outcome and lower procedure-related complications can be expected in younger patients with a short history of AF and frequent, short AF episodes in the absence of significant structural heart disease.”
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Self-citation2023 ACC/AHA/ACCP/HRS Guideline for the Diagnosis and Management of Atrial Fibrillation
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Self-citationModifiable Risk Factors and Atrial Fibrillation
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Passive Detection of Atrial Fibrillation Using a Commercially Available Smartwatch
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Andrade, J. G., Aguilar, M., Atzema, C. L., Bell, A., Cairns, J. A., Cheung, C. C., Cox, J. L., Dorian, P., Gladstone, D. J., Healey, J. S., et al. (2020) · Canadian Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.cjca.2020.09.001 · Cited by 568 · see citing works
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Paroxysmal AF Catheter Ablation With a Contact Force Sensing Catheter
Natale, A., Reddy, V. Y., Monir, G., Wilber, D. J., Lindsay, B. D., McElderry, H. T., Kantipudi, C., MANSOUR, M. C., Melby, D. P., Packer, D. L., et al. (2014) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2014.04.072 · Cited by 472 · see citing works
Marrouche, N. F., Wazni, O. M., McGann, C., Greene, T., Dean, J. M., Dagher, L., Kholmovski, E. G., MANSOUR, M. C., Marchlinski, F. E., Wilber, D. J., et al. (2022) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2022.8831 · Cited by 433 · see citing works
Mont, L., Bisbal, F., Hernández-Madrid, A., Pérez-Castellano, N., Viñolas, X., Arenal, A., Arribas, F., Fernández-Lozano, I., Bodegas, A., Cobos, A., et al. (2014) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/eht457 · Cited by 394 · see citing works
“In the present study, the results of CA in persistent AF were comparable with those in paroxysmal AF reported in the literature.(5) This is probably the result of strict patient selection criteria, which recruited”
BackgroundResultMitochondrial oxidative stress promotes atrial fibrillation
Xie, W., Santulli, G., Reiken, S. R., Yuan, Q., Osborne, B. W., Chen, B.-X., & Marks, A. R. (2015) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep11427 · Cited by 303 · see citing works
Dridi, H., Kushnir, A., Zalk, R., Yuan, Q., Melville, Z., & Marks, A. R. (2020) · Nature Reviews Cardiology · doi:10.1038/s41569-020-0394-8 · Cited by 230 · see citing works
Lip, G. Y. H., Coca, A., Kahan, T., Boriani, G., Manolis, A. S., Olsen, M. H., Oto, A., Potpara, T., Steffel, J., Marín, F. R., et al. (2017) · EP Europace · doi:10.1093/europace/eux091 · Cited by 225 · see citing works
“freedom from symptoms can be achieved in up to 80%, but may require multiple procedures.(110,111) In patients with persistent AF and”
BackgroundComorbidity of atrial fibrillation and heart failure
Ling, L., Kistler, P. M., Kalman, J. M., SCHILLING, R. J., & Hunter, R. J. (2015) · Nature Reviews Cardiology · doi:10.1038/nrcardio.2015.191 · Cited by 213 · see citing works
Morin, D. P., Bernard, M. L., Madias, C. A., Rogers, P. A., Thihalolipavan, S., & Estes, N. A. M. (2016) · Mayo Clinic Proceedings · doi:10.1016/j.mayocp.2016.08.022 · Cited by 196 · see citing works
Anselmino, M., Matta, M., D’Ascenzo, F., Bunch, T. J., Schilling, R. J., Hunter, R. J., Pappone, C., Neumann, T., Noelker, G., Fiala, M., et al. (2014) · Circulation Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology · doi:10.1161/circep.114.001938 · Cited by 174 · see citing works
“Despite a relatively high incidence of late recurrences, the long-term efficacy in maintaining sinus rhythm (SR) remains encouragingly high, especially when compared with pharmacological approaches.(2) Clinical Perspective on p 1018”
BackgroundMethodResultNovel mechanisms in the pathogenesis of atrial fibrillation: practical applications
Lau, D. H., Schotten, U., Mahajan, R., Antic, N. A., Hatem, S. N., Pathak, R. K., Hendriks, J., Kalman, J. M., & Sanders, P. (2015) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehv375 · Cited by 171 · see citing works
“Catheter ablation strategies for treating AF have shown promising long-term results with declining complication rates.(17,18) However,”
BackgroundLate outcomes after the Cox maze IV procedure for atrial fibrillation
Henn, M. C., Lancaster, T. S., Miller, J. R., Sinn, L. A., Schuessler, R. B., Moon, M. R., Melby, S. J., Maniar, H. S., & Damiano, R. J. (2015) · Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery · doi:10.1016/j.jtcvs.2015.07.102 · Cited by 177 · see citing works
Sultan, A., Lüker, J., Andresen, D., Kück, K., Hoffmann, E., Brachmann, J., Hochadel, M., Willems, S., Eckardt, L., Lewalter, T., et al. (2017) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-017-16938-6 · Cited by 161 · see citing works
Risk Factor Management in Atrial Fibrillation
Brandes, A., Smit, M. D., Nguyen, B. O., Rienstra, M., & Gelder, I. C. V. (2018) · Arrhythmia & Electrophysiology Review · doi:10.15420/aer.2018.18.2 · Cited by 155 · see citing works
Marijon, É., Fazaa, S., Narayanan, K., Guy-Moyat, B., Bouzeman, A., Providencia, R. A., Treguer, F., Combes, N., Bortone, A. A., Bovéda, S., et al. (2013) · Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology · doi:10.1111/jce.12303 · Cited by 152 · see citing works
Inflammasome Signaling in Atrial Fibrillation
Ajoolabady, A., Nattel, S., Lip, G. Y. H., & Ren, J. T. (2022) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2022.03.379 · Cited by 148 · see citing works
Catheter Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation: An Overview for Clinicians
Mujović, N. M., Marinković, M. M., Lenarczyk, R., Tilz, R. R., & Potpara, T. (2017) · Advances in Therapy · doi:10.1007/s12325-017-0590-z · Cited by 147 · see citing works
Wynn, G. J., Das, M., Bonnett, L. J., Panikker, S., Wong, T., & Gupta, D. (2014) · Circulation Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology · doi:10.1161/circep.114.001759 · Cited by 146 · see citing works
Feasibility, Safety, and Efficacy of Posterior Wall Isolation During Atrial Fibrillation Ablation
Thiyagarajah, A., Kadhim, K., Lau, D. H., Emami, M., Linz, D., Khokhar, K. B., Munawar, D. A., Mishima, R. S., Malik, V., O’Shea, C., et al. (2019) · Circulation Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology · doi:10.1161/circep.118.007005 · Cited by 145 · see citing works
Attuel, G., Gerasimova-Chechkina, E., Argoul, F., Yahia, H. M., & Arnéodo, A. (2018) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2017.01139 · Cited by 142 · see citing works
“Despite the association of various strategies, clinical efficiency remains disappointing (Ganesan et al., 2013; Takigawa et al., 2014).”
BackgroundAtrial fibrillation ablation in practice: assessing CABANA generalizability
Noseworthy, P. A., Gersh, B. J., Kent, D. M., Piccini, J. P., Packer, D. L., Shah, N. D., & Yao, X. (2019) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehz085 · Cited by 134 · see citing works
Mesquita, J., Ferreira, A. J. M., Cavaco, D., Costa, F. M., Carmo, P., Marques, H., Morgado, F., Mendes, M., & Adragão, P. (2017) · EP Europace · doi:10.1093/europace/eux265 · Cited by 132 · see citing works
Pallisgaard, J. L., Gislason, G., Hansen, J., Johannessen, A. C., Torp-Pedersen, C. T., Rasmussen, P. V., & Hansen, M. L. (2017) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehx466 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
“In this meta-analysis a 64% AF free survival, equal to a recurrence rate of 36%, was found.(8) This again was in concordance with the recurrence rates found in our study.”
InfluentialSafety and chronic lesion characterization of pulsed field ablation in a Porcine model
Stewart, M. T., Haines, D. E., Damijan Miklavčič, A., Kos, B., Kirchhof, N., Barka, N., Mattison, L. M., Martien, M., Önal, B., Howard, B. T., et al. (2021) · Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology · doi:10.1111/jce.14980 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
Voskoboinik, A., Moskovitch, J. T., Harel, N., Sanders, P., Kistler, P. M., & Kalman, J. M. (2017) · Heart Rhythm · doi:10.1016/j.hrthm.2017.01.003 · Cited by 119 · see citing works
Role of Contact Force Sensing in Catheter Ablation of Cardiac Arrhythmias
Ariyarathna, N., Kumar, S., Thomas, S. P., Stevenson, W. G., & Michaud, G. F. (2018) · JACC. Clinical electrophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacep.2018.03.014 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
Treatment of Atrial Fibrillation
Prystowsky, E. N., Padanilam, B. J., & Fogel, R. I. (2015) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.2015.7505 · Cited by 117 · see citing works
Kotecha, D., BREITHARDT, G. E., Camm, A. J., Lip, G. Y. H., Schotten, U., Ahlsson, A., Arnar, D. O., Atar, D., Auricchio, A., Bax, J. J., et al. (2018) · EP Europace · doi:10.1093/europace/eux318 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
“Between 2% and 5% of patients per year will experience late recurrences of AF, and this seems to continue up to 5 years post-ablation and beyond.(54,56) The minimum amount of AF required to increase the risk of stroke is unknown, and the risk stratification schemes such as CHA2DS2-VASc do not take account 400 D.”
BackgroundKhurram, I. M., Habibi, M., İpek, E. G., Chrispin, J., Yang, E., Fukumoto, K., Dewire, J., SPRAGG, D. D., Marine, J. E., Berger, R. D., et al. (2016) · JACC. Cardiovascular imaging · doi:10.1016/j.jcmg.2015.10.015 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
The long-term outcomes and durability of the Cox-Maze IV procedure for atrial fibrillation
Khiabani, A. J., MacGregor, R. M., Bakir, N. H., Manghelli, J. L., Sinn, L. A., Maniar, H. S., Moon, M. R., Schuessler, R. B., Melby, S. J., & Damiano, R. J. (2020) · Journal of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery · doi:10.1016/j.jtcvs.2020.04.100 · Cited by 117 · see citing works
Bovéda, S., Metzner, A., Nguyen, D. Q., Chun, K. R. J., Göhl, K., Noelker, G., Deharo, J., Andrikopoulos, G. K., Dahme, T., Lellouche, N., et al. (2018) · JACC. Clinical electrophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacep.2018.07.007 · Cited by 111 · see citing works
“Early ablation of AF in the paroxysmal AF (PAF) disease state is on average more effective than ablations that are performed in a much later AF state, such as persistent or long-standing persistent AF (PerAF), when compared according to outcomes (3).”
ResultLifestyle modifications for treatment of atrial fibrillation
Middeldorp, M. E., Ariyaratnam, J., Lau, D. H., & Sanders, P. (2019) · Heart · doi:10.1136/heartjnl-2019-315327 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
Kornej, J., Hindricks, G., Kosiuk, J., Arya, A., Sommer, P., Husser, D., Rolf, S., Richter, S., Huo, Y., Piorkowski, C., et al. (2014) · Circulation Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology · doi:10.1161/circep.113.001182 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
“Although catheter ablation is superior to antiarrhythmic drugs,(4) up to 30% to 50% of AF patients suffer recurrences within the first year.(5) On the one hand, AF recurrences are associated with impaired quality of life, but on the other, they are also related to poor clinical outcomes such as increased morbidity and…”
BackgroundLong-Term Follow-Up After Catheter Ablation of Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation
Takigawa, M., Takahashi, A., Kuwahara, T., et al. (2014) · Circulation Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology · doi:10.1161/circep.113.000471 · Cited by 109 · see citing works
“45 procedures).(16) The present study describes a similar incidence of AF recurrence and the necessity of repeat ablation.”
BackgroundImpact of SGLT2 Inhibitors on AF Recurrence After Catheter Ablation in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes
Abu-Qaoud, M. R., Kumar, A., Tarun, T., Abraham, S., Ahmad, J., Khadke, S., Husami, R., Kulbak, G., Sahoo, S., Januzzi, J. L., et al. (2023) · JACC. Clinical electrophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacep.2023.06.008 · Cited by 104 · see citing works
Jacobs, V., May, H. T., Bair, T. L., et al. (2014) · Heart Rhythm · doi:10.1016/j.hrthm.2014.12.034 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Sex Differences in Atrial Fibrillation
Andrade, J. G., Deyell, M. W., Lee, A. K. Y., & Macle, L. (2017) · Canadian Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.cjca.2017.11.022 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Supervised Obesity Reduction Trial for AF ablation patients: results from the SORT-AF trial
Geßler, N., Willems, S., Steven, D., Aberle, J., Akbulak, R. Ö., Gosau, N., Hoffmann, B. A., Meyer, C. G., Sultan, A., Tilz, R. R., et al. (2021) · EP Europace · doi:10.1093/europace/euab122 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Dagres, N., Chao, T., Fenelon, G., Aguinaga, L., Benhayon, D. A., Benjamin, E. J., Bunch, T. J., Chen, L. Y., Chen, S., Darrieux, F., et al. (2018) · EP Europace · doi:10.1093/europace/euy046 · Cited by 98 · see citing works
Takigawa, M., Takahashi, A., Kuwahara, T., Okubo, K., Takahashi, Y., Nakashima, E., Watari, Y., Yamao, K., Nakajima, J., Takagi, K., et al. (2015) · Journal of Cardiovascular Electrophysiology · doi:10.1111/jce.12681 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Lip, G. Y. H., Heinzel, F. R., Gaïta, F., González‐Juanatey, J. R., Heuzey, J. Y. L., Potpara, T., Svendsen, J. H., Vos, M. A., Anker, S. D., Coats, A. J. S., et al. (2015) · EP Europace · doi:10.1093/europace/euv191 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
New Findings in Atrial Fibrillation Mechanisms
Lau, D. H., Linz, D., & Sanders, P. (2019) · Cardiac Electrophysiology Clinics · doi:10.1016/j.ccep.2019.08.007 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Structural Cardiac Remodeling in Atrial Fibrillation
Beyer, C., Tokarska, L., Stuehlinger, M., et al. (2021) · JACC. Cardiovascular imaging · doi:10.1016/j.jcmg.2021.04.027 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
Wang, S., Wu, S., Xu, L., Xiao, F., Whinnett, Z. I., Vijayaraman, P., Su, L., & Huang, W. (2019) · Journal of the American Heart Association · doi:10.1161/jaha.119.014253 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Pulsed-Field Ablation on Mitral Isthmus in Persistent Atrial Fibrillation
Davong, B., Adeliño, R., Delasnerie, H., Albenque, J., Combes, N., Cardin, C., Voglimacci‐Stephanopoli, Q., Combes, S., & Bovéda, S. (2023) · JACC. Clinical electrophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacep.2023.03.021 · Cited by 90 · see citing works
Anselmino, M., Matta, M., D'ascenzo, F., Pappone, C., Santinelli, V., Bunch, T. J., Neumann, T., Schilling, R. J., Hunter, R. J., Noelker, G., et al. (2015) · Europace · doi:10.1093/europace/euv214 · Cited by 88 · see citing works
“With the inclusion of redo procedures, the long-term SR maintenance rate improved to 66%: this result is comparable with long-term outcomes reported in general AFCA populations, which typically include patients with both their first and redo ablations.(10,30,31) The relatively large proportion (37%) of patients requir…”
ResultDagres, N., Chao, T., Fenelon, G., Aguinaga, L., Benhayon, D. A., Benjamin, E. J., Bunch, T. J., Chen, L. Y., Chen, S., Darrieux, F., et al. (2018) · Journal of Arrhythmia · doi:10.1002/joa3.12050 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Costa, F. M., Ferreira, A. M., Oliveira, S. M., Santos, P. G., Durazzo, A., Carmo, P., Santos, K. R., Cavaco, D., Parreira, L., Morgado, F., et al. (2015) · International Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2015.01.060 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
“Despite high early success rates, late recurrence of AF after an ablation procedure is common [3].”
BackgroundZhao, D.-S., Shen, Y., Zhang, Q., Lin, G., Lu, Y.-H., Chen, B.-T., Shi, L.-S., Huang, J.-F., & Lu, H.-H. (2015) · EP Europace · doi:10.1093/europace/euv339 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
“The results of our study are consistent with these previous data.(10,32,33) Mechanisms of recurrence Eight studies(14,16,17,19,23,24,26,27) involved the information about PV reconnection in repeat ablations (40–100%).”
BackgroundMethodResultInfluentialPathak, R. K., Evans, M., Middeldorp, M. E., Mahajan, R., Mehta, A. B., Meredith, M., Twomey, D. J., Wong, C. X. J., Hendriks, J., Abhayaratna, W. P., et al. (2017) · JACC. Clinical electrophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacep.2016.12.015 · Cited by 87 · see citing works
Atrial fibrillation in women: treatment
Ko, D., Rahman, F., Martins, M. A. P., Hylek, E. M., Ellinor, P. T., Schnabel, R. B., Benjamin, E. J., & Christophersen, I. E. (2016) · Nature Reviews Cardiology · doi:10.1038/nrcardio.2016.171 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
Atrial Fibrillation Mechanisms and Implications for Catheter Ablation
Cheniti, G., Vlachos, K. G., Pambrun, T., Hooks, D. A., Frontera, A., Takigawa, M., Bourier, F. J., Kitamura, Τ., Lam, A., Martin, C., et al. (2018) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2018.01458 · Cited by 86 · see citing works
“It is notable that higher rates of success are reported after multiple procedures (Ganesan et al., 2013).”
BackgroundAtrial Fibrillation and Endothelial Dysfunction
Corban, M., Toya, T., Ahmad, A., Lerman, L. O., Lee, H.-C., & Lerman, A. (2021) · Mayo Clinic Proceedings · doi:10.1016/j.mayocp.2020.11.005 · Cited by 85 · see citing works
Cabins, castles, and constant hearts: rhythm control therapy in patients with atrial fibrillation
Willems, S., Meyer, C. G., de Bono, J. P., Brandes, A., Eckardt, L., Elvan, A., Gelder, I. C. V., Goette, A., Gulizia, M. M., Haegeli, L., et al. (2019) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehz782 · Cited by 80 · see citing works
“Amiodarone is the only antiarrhythmic drug with sufficient safety data in patients with reduced left ventricular ejection fraction.8 Large randomized trials of antiarrhythmic drugs compared to rate control in patients with AFþHF did not find differences in all-cause mortality, cardiovascular mortality, or heart failur…”
BackgroundInfluentialIncreasing trends in hospitalisations due to atrial fibrillation in Australia from 1993 to 2013
Gallagher, C., Hendriks, J., Giles, L. C., Karnon, J. D., Pham, C. T., Elliott, A. D., Middeldorp, M. E., Mahajan, R., Lau, D. H., Sanders, P., et al. (2019) · Heart · doi:10.1136/heartjnl-2018-314471 · Cited by 81 · see citing works
Varela, M., Bisbal, F., Zacur, E., Berruezo, A., Aslanidi, O. V., Mont, L., & Lamata, P. (2017) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2017.00068 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
“…a medium-term success rate of up to 90%, but in patients with persistent forms of the disease, the success of the procedure drops to less than 70% (Ganesan et al., 2013) and more than half of patients experience additional AF episodes (AF recurrence), requiring multiple procedures to achieve…”
BackgroundCheung, J. W., Cheng, E. P., X. W., Yeo, I., Christos, P. J., Kamel, H., Markowitz, S. M., Liu, C. F., Thomas, G., Ip, J. E., et al. (2019) · European Heart Journal · doi:10.1093/eurheartj/ehz151 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
“Studies examining sex-based outcomes after AF ablation have yielded conflicting results.(8) Currently, there are limited contemporary populationbased data on differences in AF ablation outcomes between females and males.”
ResultErhard, N., Metzner, A., & Fink, T. (2022) · Herzschrittmachertherapie + Elektrophysiologie · doi:10.1007/s00399-021-00836-6 · Cited by 79 · see citing works
Optical Magnetic Induction Tomography of the Heart
Marmugi, L., & Renzoni, F. (2016) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep23962 · Cited by 77 · see citing works
Greef, Y. D., Ströker, E., Schwagten, B., Kupics, K., Cocker, J. D., Chierchia, G., de Asmundis, C., Stockman, D., & Buysschaert, I. (2017) · EP Europace · doi:10.1093/europace/eux233 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Pulmonary Vein Antrum Isolation in Patients With Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation
Gökoğlan, Y., Mohanty, S., Günes, M. F., Trivedi, C. G., Santangeli, P., Gianni, C., Asfour, I., Bai, R., Burkhardt, J. D., Horton, R., et al. (2016) · Circulation Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology · doi:10.1161/circep.115.003660 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
“A meta-analysis evaluating studies reporting >3 years of outcome after catheter ablation (CA) found that nearly 80% multiprocedure success rates can be achieved in patients with PAF.(21)”
BackgroundInfluentialYang, W., Du, X., Jiang, C., et al. (2019) · EP Europace · doi:10.1093/europace/euz235 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Kornej, J., Hindricks, G., Arya, A., et al. (2017) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0169933 · Cited by 73 · see citing works
Nyns, E. C. A., Poelma, R. H., Volkers, L., Plomp, J. J., Bart, C. I., Kip, A., van Brakel, T. J., Zeppenfeld, K., Schalij, M. J., Zhang, G., et al. (2019) · Science Translational Medicine · doi:10.1126/scitranslmed.aau6447 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
“(F) Optical voltage trace showing rapid and chaotic atrial electrical activation during AF, which converts to sinus rhythm with 1:1 ventricular conduction after exposure of the RA to a 100-ms light pulse (l = 470 nm; irrandiance, 3.5 mW/mm2; light blue box). int., intensity; a.u., arbitrary units.”
BackgroundInfluentialGreef, Y. D., Schwagten, B., Chierchia, G., de Asmundis, C., Stockman, D., & Buysschaert, I. (2017) · EP Europace · doi:10.1093/europace/euw426 · Cited by 71 · see citing works
“beyond one year) ranging from 3% to 25%.(12) Interestingly, when looking at our own data, one can remark that outcome has been improving over the years.”
BackgroundSimader, F. A., Howard, J. P., Ahmad, Y., Saleh, K., Naraen, A., Samways, J., Mohal, J. S., Reddy, R. K., Kaza, N., Keene, D., et al. (2022) · EP Europace · doi:10.1093/europace/euac173 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
“Catheter ablation for AF, typically by pulmonary vein isolation using either radiofrequency or cryothermal energy, has been robustly shown to reduce the incidence and burden of atrial fibrillation.(3) Symptom improvements have also been seen, albeit in un-blinded studies.”
BackgroundLee, K., Roh, S., Baek, Y., Park, H., Ahn, J., Kim, D., Lee, D. I., Shim, J., Choi, J., Park, S. W., et al. (2018) · Circulation Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology · doi:10.1161/circep.117.005019 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
In Vitro Cell Selectivity of Reversible and Irreversible
Hunter, D. W., Kostecki, G., Fish, J. M., Jensen, J. A., & Tandri, H. S. (2021) · Circulation Arrhythmia and Electrophysiology · doi:10.1161/circep.120.008817 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Conti, S., Weerasooriya, R., NOVAK, P. G., Champagne, J., Lim, H. E., Macle, L., Khaykin, Y., Pantano, A. A., & Verma, A. (2017) · Heart Rhythm · doi:10.1016/j.hrthm.2017.10.010 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Kumar, S., Walters, T. E., Halloran, K., Morton, J. B., Hepworth, G., Wong, C. X. J., Kistler, P. M., Sanders, P., & Kalman, J. M. (2013) · EP Europace · doi:10.1093/europace/eut162 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
“5 procedures/patient.(38) Perhaps more importantly, catheter ablation is superior to anti-”
BackgroundGrecu, M., Blomström‐Lundqvist, C., Kautzner, J., Laroche, C., Gelder, I. C. V., Jordaens, L. J. L. M., Tavazzi, L., Cihak, R. J., Campal, J. M. R., Kalarus, Z. F., et al. (2019) · EP Europace · doi:10.1093/europace/euz225 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
EP-PINNs: Cardiac Electrophysiology Characterisation Using Physics-Informed Neural Networks
Martín, C. H., Oved, A., Chowdhury, R. A., et al. (2022) · Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine · doi:10.3389/fcvm.2021.768419 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
“Catheter ablation of atrial myocardium believed to host the sources of the arrhythmia is the mainstay of AF treatment, but its long-term efficacy is disappointing (54%), especially in patients with persistent forms of the disease (43%) (2).”
BackgroundMethodInfluentialMicroRNA Expression Changes after Atrial Fibrillation Catheter Ablation
Sardu, C., Santamaria, M., Paolisso, G., & Marfella, R. (2015) · Pharmacogenomics · doi:10.2217/pgs.15.117 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Carandina, A., Rodrigues, G. D., Francesco, P. D., Filtz, A., Bellocchi, C., Furlan, L., Carugo, S., Montano, N., & Tobaldini, E. (2021) · Autonomic Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.autneu.2021.102893 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Update on Management of Cardiovascular Diseases in Women
Lucà, F., Abrignani, M. G., Parrini, I., Fusco, S. A. D., Giubilato, S., Rao, C. M., Piccioni, L., Cipolletta, L., Passaretti, B., Giallauria, F., et al. (2022) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm11051176 · Cited by 63 · see citing works
Bajraktari, G., Bytyçi, I., & Henein, M. Y. (2019) · Clinical Physiology and Functional Imaging · doi:10.1111/cpf.12595 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
“…of CA for AF over and above antiarrhythmic medications, the procedure has not shown any favourable impact in reducing all-cause mor- tality or incidence of strokes (Wynn et al., 2014), perhaps because of the known heterogeneity of the patients recruited in various trials (Ganesan et al., 2013).”
BackgroundSaglietto, A., Gaïta, F., Blomström‐Lundqvist, C., Arbelo, E., Dagres, N., Brugada, J., Maggioni, A. P., Tavazzi, L., Kautzner, J., Ferrari, G. M. D., et al. (2022) · EP Europace · doi:10.1093/europace/euac145 · Cited by 59 · see citing works
“However, recurrent AF after catheter ablation remains relatively common and multiple procedures are often required.(5,6) Freedom from recurrent AF improves the benefit deriving from AF catheter ablation in terms of symptom relief and possibly also of serious adverse events, given the known association of sinus rhythm…”
BackgroundŠramko, M., Peichl, P., Wichterle, D., Tintěra, J., Weichet, J., Maxian, R., Pasnisinova, S., Kočková, R., & Kautzner, J. (2014) · International Journal of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.ijcard.2014.11.072 · Cited by 58 · see citing works
“Radiofrequency catheter ablation has proved an effective therapy of atrialfibrillation (AF) [1].”
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Electrogram morphology recurrence patterns during atrial fibrillation
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“However, ablation strategies that isolate the veins are effective in only a subset of patients with AF.(9) The rapid and seemingly chaotic electrogram activity that is characteristic of AF cannot currently be used to determine whether AF in a particular patient has a PV origin or is maintained by other foci/mechanisms.”
BackgroundInfluentialNakamori, S., Ngo, L. H., Tugal, D., Manning, W. J., & Nezafat, R. (2018) · Journal of the American Heart Association · doi:10.1161/jaha.118.009793 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
“Coronary artery disease (%) 21 (9) 15 (11) 6 (7) 0.”
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“In these patients, the success rate with CA drops to 42% (Ganesan et al., 2013), often requiring additional ablation procedures.”
BackgroundMechanisms of Long-Term Recurrence 3 Years After Catheter Ablation of Atrial Fibrillation
Park, J., Yu, H. T., Kim, T., Uhm, J., Joung, B., Lee, M., & Pak, H. (2020) · JACC. Clinical electrophysiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacep.2020.04.035 · Cited by 53 · see citing works
Recurrence of Atrial Fibrillation in Dependence of Left Atrial Volume Index
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- Authors
- Ganesan, A. N., Shipp, N. J., Brooks, A. G., Kuklik, P., Lau, D. H., Lim, H. S., Sullivan, T., Roberts‐Thomson, K. C., & Sanders, P.
- Affiliations
- Royal Adelaide Hospital (AU)
- Centre for Heart Rhythm Disorders (CHRD), University of Adelaide and Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, Australia
- Corresponding author
- Sanders, Prashanthan
- Venue
- Journal of the American Heart Association
- Published
- 2013-03-12
- Volume
- 2
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- e004549-e004549
- ISSN
- 2047-9980 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3647286
- OpenAlex
- W2165779304
- Cited by
- 800
- References
- 45
- Citations by year
- 2026: 43 · 2025: 36 · 2024: 62 · 2023: 61 · 2022: 63 · 2021: 65 · 2020: 76 · 2019: 77 · 2018: 74 · 2017: 75 · 2016: 60 · 2015: 53 · 2014: 43 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 9.52
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Journal of the American Heart Association (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Adelaide Research & Scholarship (AR&S) (University of Adelaide) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Minerva Access (University of Melbourne) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Atrial Fibrillation Management and Outcomes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiac Arrhythmias and Treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiac pacing and defibrillation studies
- Keywords
- atrial fibrillation, catheter ablation, long-term outcomes, procedural success, repeat procedures, atrial arrhythmia recurrence, paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, non-paroxysmal atrial fibrillation
- MeSH terms
- Anti-Arrhythmia Agents, Atrial Fibrillation, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Recurrence, Treatment Outcome, Catheter Ablation
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