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Clinical and diagnostic utility of saliva as a non-invasive diagnostic fluid: a systematic review
Open accessAbstract
This systematic review presents the latest trends in salivary research and its applications in health and disease. Among the large number of analytes present in saliva, many are affected by diverse physiological and pathological conditions. Further, the non-invasive, easy and cost-effective collection methods prompt an interest in evaluating its diagnostic or prognostic utility. Accumulating data over the past two decades indicates towards the possible utility of saliva to monitor overall health, diagnose and treat various oral or systemic disorders and drug monitoring. Advances in saliva based systems biology has also contributed towards identification of several biomarkers, development of diverse salivary diagnostic kits and other sensitive analytical techniques. However, its utilization should be carefully evaluated in relation to standardization of pre-analytical and analytical variables, such as collection and storage methods, analyte circadian variation, sample recovery, prevention of sample contamination and analytical procedures. In spite of all these challenges, there is an escalating evolution of knowledge with the use of this biological matrix.
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“In addition, biomarkers detected in saliva such as alpha-amylase, glucose, lactate, phosphate, and uric acid (UA) have been shown to have a good correlation with that found in blood12 (Table 4).”
From Wearable sensors for monitoring the physiological and biochemical profile of the athlete (2019) · cites this paper as [12]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Soares Nunes, L. A., Mussavira, S., & Sukumaran Bindhu, O.
- Affiliations
- Jain University (IN)
- ORCID
- Mussavira, Sayeeda
- Venue
- Biochemia Medica
- Published
- 2015
- Volume
- 25
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 177-192
- ISSN
- 1330-0962 (ISSN-L)
- 1846-7482
- PMC
- PMC4470107
- OpenAlex
- W630391585
- Cited by
- 333
- References
- 98
- Citations by year
- 2026: 18 · 2025: 35 · 2024: 32 · 2023: 21 · 2022: 33 · 2021: 43 · 2020: 39 · 2019: 30 · 2018: 29 · 2017: 33 · 2016: 18 · 2015: 2
- FWCI
- 3.35
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- diamond
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Biochemia Medica (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Hrčak Portal of scientific journals of Croatia (University Computing Centre) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- Jain University
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Salivary Gland Disorders and Functions
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Medical Laboratory Technology › Clinical Laboratory Practices and Quality Control
- Health Sciences › Dentistry › General Dentistry › HIV/AIDS oral health manifestations
- Keywords
- saliva, salivary biomarkers, non-invasive diagnosis, salivary diagnostics, drug monitoring, circadian variation, sample contamination
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Humans, Reagent Kits, Diagnostic, Saliva, Sensitivity and Specificity, Specimen Handling, Biomarkers, Clinical Laboratory Techniques, Systems Biology
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