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Cited by 394

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Span, CRUNCH, and Beyond: Working Memory Capacity and the Aging Brain

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Schneider-Garces, Nils J., Gordon, Brian A., Brumback-Peltz, Carrie R., Shin, Eunsam, Lee, Yukyung, Sutton, Bradley P., Maclin, Edward L., Gratton, Gabriele, Fabiani, Monica·2010·Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
DOI 10.1162/jocn.2009.21230
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Abstract

Neuroimaging data emphasize that older adults often show greater extent of brain activation than younger adults for similar objective levels of difficulty. A possible interpretation of this finding is that older adults need to recruit neuronal resources at lower loads than younger adults, leaving no resources for higher loads, and thus leading to performance decrements [Compensation-Related Utilization of Neural Circuits Hypothesis; e.g., Reuter-Lorenz, P. A., & Cappell, K. A. Neurocognitive aging and the compensation hypothesis. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 17, 177–182, 2008]. The Compensation-Related Utilization of Neural Circuits Hypothesis leads to the prediction that activation differences between younger and older adults should disappear when task difficulty is made subjectively comparable. In a Sternberg memory search task, this can be achieved by assessing brain activity as a function of load relative to the individual's memory span, which declines with age. Specifically, we hypothesized a nonlinear relationship between load and both performance and brain activity and predicted that asymptotes in the brain activation function should correlate with performance asymptotes (corresponding to working memory span). The results suggest that age differences in brain activation can be largely attributed to individual variations in working memory span. Interestingly, the brain activation data show a sigmoid relationship with load. Results are discussed in terms of Cowan's [Cowan, N. The magical number 4 in short-term memory: A reconsideration of mental storage capacity. Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 24, 87–114, 2001] model of working memory and theories of impaired inhibitory processes in aging.

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Metadata

Authors
Schneider-Garces, N. J., Gordon, B. A., Brumback-Peltz, C. R., Shin, E., Lee, Y., Sutton, B. P., Maclin, E. L., Gratton, G., & Fabiani, M.
Venue
Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
Publisher
MIT Press
Published
2010-04-01
Volume
22
Issue
4
Pages
655-669
ISSN
  • 0898-929X (ISSN-L)
  • 1530-8898
DOI
10.1162/jocn.2009.21230
OpenAlex
W2159872566
Cited by
394
References
12
FWCI
22.09
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
green

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