Cited by 1,344Virtual Reality Applications and ImpactsTeleoperation and Haptic SystemsSocial Robot Interaction and HRI

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Musings on Telepresence and Virtual Presence

Sheridan, Thomas B.·1992·Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments

DOI 10.1162/pres.1992.1.1.120

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February 01 1992 Musings on Telepresence and Virtual Presence Thomas B. Sheridan Thomas B. Sheridan Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139. Search for other works by this author on: This Site Google Scholar Author and Article Information Thomas B. Sheridan Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139. © 1992 Massachusetts Institute of Technology1992 Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments (1992) 1 (1): 120–126. https://doi.org/10.1162/pres.1992.1.1.120 Connected Content A correction has been published: Errata Cite Icon Cite Permissions Share Icon Share Facebook Twitter LinkedIn MailTo Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Search Site Citation Thomas B. Sheridan; Musings on Telepresence and Virtual Presence. Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments 1992; 1 (1): 120–126. doi: https://doi.org/10.1162/pres.1992.1.1.120 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentAll JournalsPRESENCE: Virtual and Augmented Reality Search Advanced Search This content is only available as a PDF. © 1992 Massachusetts Institute of Technology1992 Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.

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AR façade
Dow, S. P., Mehta, M., MacIntyre, B., et al. (2007) · ACM Symposium on Virtual Reality Software and Technology (VRST) · doi:10.1145/1315184.1315227 · Cited by 16
“Our recent study cross media study revealled emperical differences between the versions [Dow et al. 2007].”
BackgroundResult
Evaluating Mobile Remote Presence (MRP) Robots
Lewis, T., Drury, J. L., & Beltz, B. (2014) · International Conference on Supporting Group Work · doi:10.1145/2660398.2663777 · Cited by 16
Therapeutic Relationship of Telepsychiatry and Telebehavioral Health: Ideas from Research on Telepresence, Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality
Hilty, D. M., Randhawa, K., Maheu, M. M., McKean, A. J. S., & Pantera, R. (2019) · Psychology and Cognitive Sciences - Open Journal · doi:10.17140/pcsoj-5-145 · Cited by 18
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Identifying online learning experience of architecture students for a smart education environment
Cho, M. E., Lee, J. H., & Kim, M. J. (2022) · Journal of Asian Architecture and Building Engineering · doi:10.1080/13467581.2022.2145216 · Cited by 16
“Spatial presence refers to experiences created by technologies (i.e., media systems) (Lee 2004; Sheridan 1992).”
Background
Virtual reality for learning and rehabilitation
Klinger, É., Weiss, P. L., & Joseph, P. (2010) · Collection de l'Académie européenne de médecine de réadaptation · doi:10.1007/978-2-8178-0034-9_11 · Cited by 17
“VR refers to the use of interactive simulations to provide users with opportunities to engage in environments that may appear and feel similar to real-world objects and events and that may engender a subjective feeling of “presence” in the virtual world ( 52 ).”
Background
Spatial updating in superimposed real and virtual environments
Wan, X. I., Wang, R. F., & Crowell, J. A. (2009) · Perception & Psychophysics · doi:10.3758/app.71.1.42 · Cited by 16
Sexual presence: Toward a model inspired by evolutionary psychology
Fontanesi, L., & Renaud, P. (2013) · New Ideas in Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.newideapsych.2013.10.001 · Cited by 16
“…authors from different scientific backgrounds have contributed to the definition of presence (Heeter, 1992; Lee, 2004a; Loomis, 1992; Marsh, Wright, & Smith, 2001; Riva, Waterworth, Waterworth, & Mantovani, 2011; Sheridan, 1992; Slater, Usoh, & Steed, 1994; Steuer, 1992; Zahorik & Jenison, 1998).”
Public Perception in Contemporary Portugal: The Digital Representation of Space
Neto, P. L. (2006) · Journal of Urban Design · doi:10.1080/13574800600888301 · Cited by 16
A conceptual framework for mediated environments
Childs, M. (2010) · Educational Research · doi:10.1080/00131881.2010.482738 · Cited by 16
“Telepresence is not an experience that is a recent phenomenon or is unique to mediated environments, ‘literature, the graphic arts, the theatre arts, ﬁlm and TV have long been concerned with the observer’s sense of presence’ (Sheridan 1992, 120).”
Background
Spatial Presence in Real and Remote Immersive Environments and the Effect of Multisensory Stimulation
Khenak, N., Vézien, J.-M., Théry, D., & Bourdot, P. (2018) · PRESENCE Virtual and Augmented Reality · doi:10.1162/pres_a_00332 · Cited by 16
“…a natural presence (Biocca, Burgoon, Harms, & Stoner, 2001); (2) if it is real and mediated, the user experiences a remote presence or “telepresence ” (Steuer, 1992); and (3) if the environment is virtual, i.e., computer generated, the user experiences a virtual presence (Sheridan, 1992).”
Background
Virtual environments to study emotional responses to clinical communication: A scoping review.
Sanders, J., Caponigro, E., Ericson, J. D., Dubey, M., Duane, J., Orr, S., Pirl, W., Tulsky, J., & Blanch-Hartigan, D. (2021) · Patient Education and Counseling · doi:10.1016/j.pec.2021.04.022 · Cited by 16
Quantity of Presence: Beyond Person, Number, and Pronouns
Cohen, M. M. (1998) · Cyberworlds · doi:10.1007/978-4-431-67941-7_19 · Cited by 16
Experimental studies of the interaction betweenpeople and virtual humans with a focus on social anxiety
Pan, X. (2010) · UCL Discovery (University College London) · Cited by 16
The hidden influence: exploring presence in human-synthetic interactions through ghostbots
McStay, A. (2024) · Ethics and Information Technology · doi:10.1007/s10676-024-09786-2 · Cited by 15
“This phil - osophical clearing work now allows us to focus on how this ‘excess’ is created, which is vital if we are to ask regulators of the digital and artificial intelligence (AI) industries to pay attention to presence. present with virtual objects (Minsky, 1980; Fisher, 1986; Sheridan, 1992).”
Virtual Reality
Hite, R. L. (2022) · The American Biology Teacher · doi:10.1525/abt.2022.84.2.106 · Cited by 15
“The magic of VR lies in its ability to induce virtual presence, or the sensation that you are really there—immersed within and interacting with the virtual realm (Sheridan, 1992).”
Background
Presence Questionnaires in Driving Simulation
Himmels, C., Rock, T., Venrooij, J., & Riener, A. (2020) · PRESENCE Virtual and Augmented Reality · doi:10.1162/pres_a_00372 · Cited by 15
Relationship between Brand Experience, Local Presence, Flow, and Brand Attitude While Applying Spatial Augmented Reality to a Brand Store
Park, J., & Lee, H. (2023) · International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction · doi:10.1080/10447318.2023.2266252 · Cited by 14
“Although the media is not reality, users forget its existence, feel they exist with the virtual object, and enter a fantasy that resembles reality (Sheridan, 1992; Lombard & Ditton, 1997).”
Immersion or social presence? Investigating the effect of virtual reality immersive environments on sommelier learning experiences
Moonen, N., Heller, J., Hilken, T., Han, D. D., & Mahr, D. (2024) · Journal of Wine Research · doi:10.1080/09571264.2024.2310297 · Cited by 15
“Other reasoning behind the bene ﬁ cial aspect of VR headsets is the concept of telepresence, the feeling of being present in a di ﬀ erent world (Berg & Vance, 2017) which is in ﬂ uenced by several factors such as sensory stimuli like music or ambient sounds (Cuny et al., 2015; Sheridan, 1992).”
Background
Präsenzerleben und Transportation
Hofer, M. (2013) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-531-18967-3_14 · Cited by 7
Mensch-Computer-Interface
Hellige, H. D. (2008) · Kultur- und Medientheorie · doi:10.14361/9783839405642 · Cited by 19
Measuring presence: Hypothetical quantitative framework
Szczurowski, K., & Smith, M. (2017) · International Conference on Virtual Systems and Multimedia (VSMM) · doi:10.1109/vsmm.2017.8346261 · Cited by 15
“Some researchers have argued that due to the subjective nature of the experience of presence this might be the only possible method [16], others, including some of the authors of such questionnaires [18] & [19], criticize this approach [10].”
BackgroundResult
Virtual Reality Street-Crossing Training for Children with Autism in Arabic Language
Alharbi, A., Aloufi, S. F., Assar, R., & Meccawy, M. (2020) · International Conference on Innovation and Intelligence for Informatics, Computing, and Technologies (3ICT) · doi:10.1109/3ict51146.2020.9311981 · Cited by 16
“VR can be defined as an interactive simulation that can be created using computer hardware and software with the aim of providing users with a feeling of immersion in the virtual scene that appears completely similar to the real environment [15].”
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The impact of emerging technology influences product placement effectiveness: a scoping study from interactive marketing perspective
Pavlič, J., Tomažič, T., & Kožuh, I. (2021) · Journal of Research in Interactive Marketing · doi:10.1108/jrim-02-2021-0041 · Cited by 17
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Gabyzon, M. E., Engel‐Yeger, B., Tresser, S., & Springer, S. (2016) · Technology and Health Care · doi:10.3233/thc-151041 · Cited by 14
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Kizony, R., Zeilig, G., Krasovsky, T., Bondi, M., Weiss, P. L., Kodesh, E., & Kafri, M. (2017) · Journal of Vestibular Research · doi:10.3233/ves-170605 · Cited by 15
“Virtual reality (VR), the use of interactive simulations created with computer hardware and software to present users with opportunities to engage in virtual environments (VE) that appear and feel similar to real world objects and events [26, 35], is such a technique.”
Identity: A Primer
Childs, M. (2011) · Springer series in immersive environments · doi:10.1007/978-0-85729-361-9_2 · Cited by 15
Bridging the Distance: How Social Interaction, Presence, Social Presence, and Sense of Community Influence Student Learning Experiences in an Online Virtual Environment
Walker, B. K. (2007) · NC Digital Online Collection of Knowledge and Scholarship (The University of North Carolina at Greensboro) · Cited by 15
Presence Production in a Distributed Shared Virtual Environment for Exploring Mathematics
Knudsen, C. J. S., & Naeve, A. (2002) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4419-8530-9_13 · Cited by 15
The impact of emotional arousal on learning in virtual environments
Ulate, S. O. (2002) · PsycEXTRA Dataset · doi:10.1037/e435302005-001 · Cited by 15
The Relationship Between Cybersickness, Sense of Presence, and the Users’ Expectancy and Perceived Similarity Between Virtual and Real Places
Magalhães, M., Melo, M., Bessa, M., & Coelho, A. F. (2021) · IEEE Access · doi:10.1109/access.2021.3084863 · Cited by 14
“As previously stated by Sheridan [49], the subjective quality of presence needs a subjective method to be measured.”
Method
A process perspective of immersive virtual reality user experiences: Transition dynamics and mechanisms during gameplay
Wan, C. K., & Chiu, C.-H. (2023) · International Journal of Human-Computer Studies · doi:10.1016/j.ijhcs.2023.103037 · Cited by 14
On the desire to not kill your players: Rethinking sound in pervasive and mixed reality games.
Ekman, I. (2013) · Foundations of Digital Games · Cited by 15
Spatial Presence in Real and Remote Immersive Environments
Khenak, N., Vézien, J.-M., Théry, D., & Bourdot, P. (2019) · IEEE Conference on Virtual Reality and 3D User Interfaces (VR) · doi:10.1109/vr.2019.8797801 · Cited by 16
“If the environment is real and non-mediated, the user experiences a natural presence; if the environment is real and mediated, the user experiences a remote presence; and if the environment is computer generated, the user experiences a virtual presence [6].”
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Song, X., Lowman, G. H., & Harms, P. D. (2020) · Administrative Sciences · doi:10.3390/admsci10040093 · Cited by 19
“…a specific type of presence that reflects the extent to which a person is perceived to be present (i.e., “being there”) in a technology-mediated context (Sheridan 1992; Steuer 1992), and an important indicator of effective interaction in technology-mediated communication (Steuer 1992).”
Background
Using gestural emotions recognised through a neural network as input for an adaptive music system in virtual reality
Ibáñez, M. L., Miranda, M., Álvarez, N., et al. (2021) · Entertainment Computing · doi:10.1016/j.entcom.2021.100404 · Cited by 14
A Survey on Simulation for Weight Perception in Virtual Reality
Ye, X. (2021) · Journal of Computer and Communications · doi:10.4236/jcc.2021.99001 · Cited by 14
“Both the user’s awareness of interactive devices and the experience in VR may have an impact on the sense of existence [71] [72] [73] [74].”
Background
Dwelling in Second Life? A phenomenological evaluation of online virtual worlds
Houliez, C., & Gamble, E. N. (2012) · Virtual Reality · doi:10.1007/s10055-012-0218-1 · Cited by 14
“The predominance of a Cartesianist worldview has been denounced by various researchers (e.g., Dreyfus 1991; Searle 1989; Zahorik and Jenison 1998), who pointed to the fact that there is a ‘‘residual dualism present in rationalistic approaches to artificial intelligence and cognitive psychology’’…”
Background
Aesthetic and auditory enhancements for multi-stream information sonification
Song, H. J., & Beilharz, K. (2008) · doi:10.1145/1413634.1413678 · Cited by 14
“The concept of presence has preoccupied authors, artists and film producers who create via media that “draw-in” (immerse) and enhance the experiential intensity for the user [29].”
Background
Snap back to reality: Examining the cognitive mechanisms underlying Snapchat
Jeong, D. C., & Lee, J. (2017) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2017.09.008 · Cited by 14
De-Roling from Experiences and Identities in Virtual Worlds
Gualeni, S., Vella, D., & Harrington, J. (2017) · Journal of Virtual Worlds Research · doi:10.4101/jvwr.v10i2.7268 · Cited by 14
“With respect to the former, the sense of the gameworld being experientially foregrounded as the player’s ‘here’ has been described through the notion of ‘immersion’ (Murray 1998; Ryan 2001; Ermi and Mäyrä 2005; Thon 2008) and ‘presence’ (McMahan 2003; Taylor 2003), building upon foundational work in virtual reality re…”
Background
An Information-Theoretic Approach to the Cost-benefit Analysis of Visualization in Virtual Environments
Chen, M., Gaither, K., John, N. W., & McCann, B. M. (2018) · IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics · doi:10.1109/tvcg.2018.2865025 · Cited by 14
“Sheridan [88] and Heeter [38] were among the ﬁrst to initiate this discourse.”
Experimental Study on Shared-Control of a Mobile Robot via a Haptic Device with an Optimal Velocity Obstacle Based Receding Horizon Control Approach
Zarei, M., Kashi, N., Kalhor, A., et al. (2019) · Journal of Intelligent & Robotic Systems · doi:10.1007/s10846-019-01023-z · Cited by 14
Requirements analysis of presence
Bostan, B. (2009) · Computers in entertainment · doi:10.1145/1486508.1486517 · Cited by 14
“Rafaeli [1988] de.ned interactivity as an underde.ned concept that has little consensus on its meaning; but other researchers have stated that interaction and interactivity have an important role in creating a sense of presence [Zahorik and Jenison 1998; Sheridan 1992].”
BackgroundInfluential
Assessing presence in virtual environments: adaptation of the psychometric properties of the Presence Questionnaire to the Portuguese populations
Vasconcelos-Raposo, J., Melo, M., Barbosa, L., Teixeira, C. M., Cabral, L., & Bessa, M. (2020) · Behaviour and Information Technology · doi:10.1080/0144929x.2020.1754911 · Cited by 13
“Currently, there are several instruments designed to evaluate Presence that range from objective metrics such as physiological measures (Sheridan 1992) or breaks in presence (Slater and Steed 2000) to subjective metrics that include the as Slater-Usoh-Steed Presence Questionnaire (SUS) (Slater,…”
Background
A Taxonomy of Embodiment in the AI Era
Hellström, T., Kaiser, N., & Bensch, S. (2024) · Electronics · doi:10.3390/electronics13224441 · Cited by 14
Theoretical and empirical support for distinctions between components and conditions of Spatial Presence
Böcking, S., Gysbers, A., Wirth, W., Klimmt, C., Hartmann, T., Schramm, H., Laarni, J., Sacau, A., Vorderer, P., Alcañíz, M., et al. (2004) · MADOC (University of Mannheim) · Cited by 14
Identity Theories and Technology
Dunn, R. A. (2012) · IGI Global eBooks · doi:10.4018/978-1-4666-2211-1.ch002 · Cited by 13
De la présence à l’incarnation
Gorisse, G., Olivier Christmann, C., & Richir, S. (2018) · Interfaces numériques · doi:10.25965/interfaces-numeriques.3295 · Cited by 24
The Construction and Validation of the SP-IE Questionnaire: An Instrument for Measuring Spatial Presence in Immersive Environments
Khenak, N., Vézien, J.-M., & Bourdot, P. (2019) · Lecture notes in computer science · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-31908-3_13 · Cited by 16
Non-verbal Aspects of Collaboration in Virtual Worlds: a CSCW Taxonomy-development Proposal Integrating the Presence Dimension
Cruz, A., Paredes, H., Morgado, L. C., & Martins, P. (2021) · JUCS - Journal of Universal Computer Science · doi:10.3897/jucs.74166 · Cited by 14
Driving is believing: Using telepresence robots to access makerspace for teachers in rural areas
Chen, Y., Cao, L., Guo, L., & Cheng, J. (2022) · British Journal of Educational Technology · doi:10.1111/bjet.13225 · Cited by 17
AMP: A tool for characterizing the pedagogical approaches of MOOCs
Swan, K. P., Day, S. L., Bogle, L., & van Prooyen, T. (2014) · e-mentor · doi:10.15219/em54.1098 · Cited by 13
NetPot: Easy Meal Enjoyment for Distant Diners
Foley-Fisher, Z., Tsao, V., Wang, J., et al. (2010) · Lecture notes in computer science · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-15399-0_56 · Cited by 13
“Telepresence technologies [2], like Skype, may have interaction limited to audio and grainy video, but we can build on these technologies to create a system that captures the factors of an enjoyable group meal so that remote diners can join the fun.”
Presence in personalised e-learning – the impact of cognitive and emotional factors and the moderating role of gender
Rodríguez‐Ardura, I., & Meseguer‐Artola, A. (2016) · Behaviour and Information Technology · doi:10.1080/0144929x.2016.1212093 · Cited by 13
“Also presence research has suggested a link between the individual ’ s perception of control over the virtual environment and presence feelings (Sheridan 1992; Witmer and Singer 1998; Balakrish-nan and Sundar 2011).”
Background
Coalescing the mirror and the screen: consuming the ‘self’ online
Ibrahim, Y. (2016) · Continuum · doi:10.1080/10304312.2016.1239066 · Cited by 13
Presence, flow, and narrative absorption questionnaires: a scoping review
Pianzola, F. (2020) · Open Research Europe · doi:10.12688/openreseurope.13277.2 · Cited by 10
“Moreover, “immersive” is used in VR research as a technical attribute of the medium – consistently with Sheridan seminal definition (Sheridan, 1992) – whereas in game and narrative studies it is a quality of the player or reader’s experience (Jennett et al ., 2008; Ryan, 2015; Stockwell, 2019).”
Incorporating co-presence in distributed virtual music environment
Jung, B., Hwang, J., Lee, S., Kim, G. J., & Kim, H. (2000) · ACM Symposium on Virtual Reality Software and Technology (VRST) · doi:10.1145/502390.502429 · Cited by 13
Internet Haze: Why New Artifacts Can Enhance Situation Ambiguity
Mantovani, G. (2002) · Culture & Psychology · doi:10.1177/1354067x0283003 · Cited by 13
Using Goffman's Frameworks to Explain Presence and Reality
Rettie, R. (2004) · Research Repository (Kingston University London) · Cited by 13
The Revised Game Engagement Model: Capturing the subjective gameplay experience
Procci, K., Bowers, C. A., Jentsch, F. G., Sims, V. K., & McDaniel, R. (2018) · Entertainment Computing · doi:10.1016/j.entcom.2018.06.001 · Cited by 13
Virtual Environments as Human-Computer Interfaces
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Virtual reality for manufacturing simulation
Jones, K. C., Cygnus, M. W., Storch, R. L., et al. (1993) · Winter Simulation Conference · doi:10.1145/256563.256868 · Cited by 13
Using virtual reality technology to include field operators in simulation and training.
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Keynote Address: The Future of Virtual Reality and Prototyping
Kalawsky, R. (1999) · Cited by 12
Enough is enough: how much intonation is needed in the vocal delivery of audio description?
Jankowska, A. M., Pilarczyk, J., Wołoszyn, K., & Kuniecki, M. (2022) · Perspectives · doi:10.1080/0907676x.2022.2026423 · Cited by 12
“It is, however, argued that since presence is a subjective sensation, it should be primarily assessed using subjective measures (Sheridan, 1992).”
Background
Investigating the effect of network latency on users’ performance in Collaborative Virtual Environments using navigation aids
Khalid, S., Alam, A., Fayaz, M., et al. (2023) · Future Generation Computer Systems · doi:10.1016/j.future.2023.02.025 · Cited by 12
Factors Influencing the Continued Intent to Use Virtual Interactive Platforms in Korean Small- and Medium-Sized Enterprises for Remote and Hybrid Work
Tran, H. T. D., & Kim, M. (2023) · Sustainability · doi:10.3390/su15139972 · Cited by 12
“Subsequently, many scholars have emphasized the meaning of telepresence as “a sense of being physically present in an unreal, imagined environment with visual and auditory” [25] or force signals generated by a mediated medium, such as virtual platforms, TV, or other media [26,27].”
Background
Towards safer streets: A review of child pedestrian behavior and safety worldwide
Vijay, N. C., Rokade, S., & Bivina, G. R. (2024) · Transportation Research Part F Traffic Psychology and Behaviour · doi:10.1016/j.trf.2024.05.005 · Cited by 12
Experiences of immersive virtual reality in healthcare clinical training for nursing and allied health students: A mixed studies systematic review
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Exploring the Relative Effects of Body Position and Spatial Cognition on Presence When Playing Virtual Reality Games
Kim, A., Kim, M. W., Bae, H., & Lee, K. (2020) · International Journal of Human-Computer Interaction · doi:10.1080/10447318.2020.1775373 · Cited by 11
“Other researchers have described presence as the sense of being in a place that is different from the physical one (Sheridan, 1992; Witmer & Singer, 1998; Zeltzer, 1992) and as a compelling sense of being in a mediated space other than where the physical body is located (Biocca, 1997; Riva et al.,…”
Background
Effects of Virtual Reality with Motor Imagery Techniques in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease: Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial
Kashif, M., Ahmad, A., Bandpei, M. A. M., Gillani, S. A., Hanif, A., & Iram, H. (2020) · Neurodegenerative Diseases · doi:10.1159/000511916 · Cited by 13
Pre-Occupancy evaluation of buildings in VR: development of the prototype and user studies
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“Through the earlier literature on presence factors by Sheridan (1992), the presence-determining factors can be categorized into (1) the extent of sensory information, (2) control of relation of sensors to the environment, and (3) the ability to modify the environment.”
Background
Virtual reality and neuropsychological assessment: an analysis of human factors influencing performance and perceived mental effort
Maneuvrier, A., Ceyte, H., Renaud, P., Morello, R., Fleury, P., & Decker, L. M. (2022) · Virtual Reality · doi:10.1007/s10055-022-00698-4 · Cited by 13
“One of the major psychophysiological aspects discussed in the field of VR as potentially impacting performance is the sense of presence, the “sense of being there” (Heeter 1992; Sheridan 1992, 1996, 2016).”
Background
Therapeutic technology
Selzer, M. E., Clarke, S., Cohen, L. G., Kwakkel, G., & Miller, R. H. (2014) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9780511995590.012 · Cited by 12
A Comparison of 3D Visualization Technologies and their User Interfaces with Data Specific to Architecture
Göttig, R., Newton, J., & Kaufmann, S. (2004) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/1-4020-2409-6_7 · Cited by 12
“…generated only by and within a computer compels a feeling of being present in an environment other than the one the person is actually in.” (Sheridan, 1992) The interaction devices of these VR systems vary from combinations of typical 2D mice and keyboards over so-called spacemice up to…”
Background
Causal Perception in Virtual Reality and its Implications for Presence Factors
Cavazza, M., Lugrin, J.-L., & Buehner, M. J. (2007) · PRESENCE Virtual and Augmented Reality · doi:10.1162/pres.16.6.623 · Cited by 12
“The speciﬁc contribution of this work is to attempt to relate one well-observed psychological phenomenon, causal perception, to some fundamental ideas of presence, namely the action-based conception of presence (see, e.g., Zahorik & Jenison, 1998; Held & Durlach, 1992; Sheridan, 1992).”
Background
Walking in VR: Measuring Presence and Simulator Sickness in First-Person Virtual Reality Games.
López‐Ibáñez, M., & Peinado, F. (2016) · Cited by 12
Virtual Reality As a Training Tool to Treat Physical Inactivity in Children
Kiefer, A. W., Pincus, D., Richardson, M. J., & Myer, G. D. (2017) · Frontiers in Public Health · doi:10.3389/fpubh.2017.00349 · Cited by 12
“Presence is achieved when the VR experience compels a feeling of being present in an environment other than the real, physical environment in which the individual is actually performing (25).”
Background
El reportaje inmersivo en vídeo en 360º en los medios periodísticos españoles
de Gracia, M. J. B., & Damas, S. H. (2018) · Revista de Comunicación · doi:10.26441/rc17.2-2018-a3 · Cited by 12
Mind in eBay, Body in Macyys: Dual Consciousness of Virtuo-Real Consumers
Banerjee, S., & Longstreet, P. (2015) · Journal of Research in Interactive Marketing · doi:10.1108/jrim-05-2015-0036 · Cited by 12
The Virtual Ante-Room: Assessing Presence through Expectation and Surprise
Slater, M., Steed, A. J., McCarthy, J., et al. (1998) · Cited by 12
I'm always touched by your presence, dear : combining mediated social touch with morphologically correct visual feedback
Haans, A., & IJsselsteijn, W. A. (2009) · TU/e Research Portal · Cited by 12
Close Encounters of the Virtual Kind: Agents Simulating Copresence
Gerhard, M. E., Moore, D., & Hobbs, D. J. (2005) · Applied Artificial Intelligence · doi:10.1080/08839510590910219 · Cited by 12
“Similarly, Loomis (1992) argues that individuals’ immersive tendencies are related to their experience of presence, the sense of being there within a simulated environment (Sheridan 1992).”
Psychophysiological perspective on presence: The implications of mediated environments on relationships, behavioral health and social construction.
Jerome, L. W., & Jordan, P. J. (2007) · Psychological Services · doi:10.1037/1541-1559.4.2.75 · Cited by 12
“Presence in mediated environments is a product of both user and media characteristics (Sheridan, 1992), and should be distinguished from other events, including physical or actual presence, implied presence, and imagined presence (Allport, 1985).”
BackgroundMethod
A Study on High-Level Autonomous Navigational Behaviors for Telepresence Applications
Pang, W. C., Seet, G., & Yao, X. (2014) · PRESENCE Virtual and Augmented Reality · doi:10.1162/pres_a_00178 · Cited by 12
“1 Introduction Telepresence (Minsky, 1980) is commonly known as a sense of “being there” at an environment that is physically remote from oneself (Sheridan, 1992).”
Background
Presence
Wiederhold, B. K., & Bouchard, S. (2014) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-1-4899-8023-6_2 · Cited by 12
Beyond the Limits of Real-Time Realism
Stappers, P. J., Overbeeke, K., & Gaver, W. W. (2003) · CRC Press eBooks · doi:10.1201/9781410608888.ch5 · Cited by 12
The Borderline of Science: On the Value of Factor Analysis for Understanding Presence
Waller, D. A., & Bachmann, E. R. (2006) · PRESENCE Virtual and Augmented Reality · doi:10.1162/pres.2006.15.2.235 · Cited by 12
“Sheridan (1992) described the fundamental dimensions of presence as: (1) the extent of sensory information, (2) the controllability of sensors, and (3) the ability to modify the environment.”
Background
Beyond the limits of real-time realism : moving from stimulation correspondence to information correspondence
Stappers, P. J., Gaver, W. W., Overbeeke, C. J., Hettinger, L. J., & Maas, M. (2003) · TU/e Research Portal · Cited by 12
Sense of Presence
Sas, C. (2006) · IGI Global eBooks · doi:10.4018/978-1-59140-562-7.ch076 · Cited by 12
“subjective perception (Lombard, 2000), sense (Minsky, 1980; Sheridan, 1992 ) and illusion”
BackgroundInfluential
Virtual environments in machinery safety analysis
Määttä, T. (2003) · Tampere University Institutional Repository (Tampere University) · Cited by 12
HUMAN FACTORS AND ERGONOMICS IN DESIGN OF A3: AUTOMATION, AUTONOMY, AND ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE
Sawyer, B. D., Miller, D., Canham, M., & Karwowski, W. (2021) · Wiley eBooks · doi:10.1002/9781119636113.ch52 · Cited by 13
Applications of virtual reality (VR) in autism research: current trends and taxonomy of definitions
Savickaite, S., Husselman, T.-A., Taylor, R., Millington, E., Hayashibara, E., & Arthur, T. (2022) · Journal of Enabling Technologies · doi:10.1108/jet-05-2022-0038 · Cited by 13
The Conceptualization of “Presence” in Interactive Marketing: A Systematic Review of 30 Years of Literature
Chen, C., Hu, X., & Fisher, J. T. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-14961-0_18 · Cited by 13
Exploring multisensory home office design in virtual reality: Effects on task performance, heart rate, and emotion
Li, M., & Kim, N. (2024) · Acta Psychologica · doi:10.1016/j.actpsy.2024.104536 · Cited by 12
Encouraging bystander helping behaviour in a violent incident: a virtual reality study using reinforcement learning
Rovira, A., & Slater, M. (2022) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-022-07872-3 · Cited by 11
Virtual reality as a technology of memory: Immersive presence in Polish politics of memory
Kazlauskaitė, R. (2023) · Memory Mind & Media · doi:10.1017/mem.2023.9 · Cited by 12
“For example, Sheridan (1992, 120) proposed that ‘ presence ’ refers to a ‘ feeling like you are actually there at the remote site.”
Background
ECIS 2010 Panel Report: Humanities-Enriched Information Systems
Kroeze, J. H., Lotriet, H., Mavetera, N., Pfaff, M. S., Postma, D., Sewchurran, K., & Topi, H. (2011) · Communications of the Association for Information Systems · doi:10.17705/1cais.02824 · Cited by 11
“Examples are seen in discussions of flow theory [Csikszentmihalyi and Csikszentmihalyi, 1988] and presence [Sheridan, 1992].”
Observing effects of attention on presence with fMRI
Lee, S., Kim, G. J., & Lee, J. (2004) · ACM Symposium on Virtual Reality Software and Technology (VRST) · doi:10.1145/1077534.1077549 · Cited by 11
“Many presence-related researches have looked at various "bottom up" perceptual cues that affect the level of user felt presence in the context of virtual reality [7][8][11][19][22][30][31][32][33][34][35][36].”
Background

Authors: Sheridan, T. B.
Affiliations: Massachusetts Institute of Technology (US)
Corresponding author: Sheridan, Thomas B.
ORCID: Sheridan, Thomas B.
Venue: Presence: Teleoperators and Virtual Environments
Publisher: MIT Press - Journals
Published: 1992-01
Volume: 1
Issue: 1
Pages: 120-126
ISSN: 1054-7460 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1162/pres.1992.1.1.120
OpenAlex: W104998059
Cited by: 1,344
References: 0
Citations by year: 2026: 48 · 2025: 47 · 2024: 53 · 2023: 48 · 2022: 73 · 2021: 97 · 2020: 79 · 2019: 76 · 2018: 47 · 2017: 30 · 2016: 37 · 2015: 42 · 2014: 48 · 2013: 46 · 2012: 44
FWCI: 20.34
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: PRESENCE Virtual and Augmented Reality (publishedVersion)
Topics: Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Human-Computer Interaction › Virtual Reality Applications and Impacts
Physical Sciences › Engineering › Mechanical Engineering › Teleoperation and Haptic Systems
Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Social Robot Interaction and HRI
Keywords: telepresence, virtual presence, teleoperation, virtual worlds, presence

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Musings on Telepresence and Virtual Presence

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