Indocyanine Green Clearance and Estimated Hepatic Blood Flow during Mild to Maximal Exercise in Upright Man *

Rowell, Loring B.; Blackmon, John R.; Bruce, Robert A.

doi:10.1172/jci105043

Cited by 394Cardiovascular and exercise physiologyExercise and Physiological ResponsesThermoregulation and physiological responses

Indocyanine Green Clearance and Estimated Hepatic Blood Flow during Mild to Maximal Exercise in Upright Man *

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Rowell, Loring B., Blackmon, John R., Bruce, Robert A.·1964·Journal of Clinical Investigation

DOI 10.1172/jci105043PMC PMC441967

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Abstract

Krogh in 1912 (1) postulated the necessity for a large capacity venous reservoir capable of quickly delivering an autotransfusion of blood into the right heart during exercise, particularly in upright man, where Krogh felt venous return may at times be inadequate.Bock and co-workers (2) in their classical work reasoned that increased blood flow to working muscle, related in part to local vasodilation, must be partially effected by de- creased splanchnic blood flow.Since the splanch- nic region receives 20 to 25% of the total left ven- tricular output but extracts only 10 to 25% of the available oxygen (3), the splanchnic bed is ideally suited for rapid correction for any residual in- balance between left ventricular output and peripheral distribution of flow.The experimental evaluation of the influence of exercise on splanchnic blood flow, however, has produced conflicting results.Herrick, Grindlay, Baldes, and Mann (4), and more recently Rush- mer, Franklin, Van Citters, and Smith (5) did not find a decrease in splanchnic blood flow in dogs undergoing an intensity of exercise far below their maximal capacities.Also plethysmographic studies in man by Sj6strand (6) led him to con- clude that intrathoracic rather than splanchnic blood depots are functionally important in exer- cise.In contrast, a study by Bradley (7) and by Wade and co-workers (8), utilizing the sulfo- bromophthalein sodium (BSP) extraction method, demonstrated that significant decreases in splanch-

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The pathophysiology of GI distress during ultra-marathon training and racing is multifactorial.
“The pathophysiology of GI distress during ultra-marathon training and racing is multifactorial, but is likely the result of reduced mesenteric blood flow [131, 132], leading to relative GI hypoperfusion [133].”
From International Society of Sports Nutrition Position Stand: nutritional considerations for single-stage ultra-marathon training and racing (2019) · cites this paper as [131]
GI distress during ultra-marathon is likely the result of reduced mesenteric blood flow leading to relative GI hypoperfusion.
“The pathophysiology of GI distress during ultra-marathon training and racing is multifactorial, but is likely the result of reduced mesenteric blood flow [131, 132], leading to relative GI hypoperfusion [133].”
From International Society of Sports Nutrition Position Stand: nutritional considerations for single-stage ultra-marathon training and racing (2019) · cites this paper as [131]

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Authors: Rowell, L. B., Blackmon, J. R., & Bruce, R. A.
Affiliations: University of Washington (US)
Venue: Journal of Clinical Investigation
Publisher: American Society for Clinical Investigation
Published: 1964-08-01
Volume: 43
Issue: 8
Pages: 1677-1690
ISSN: 0021-9738 (ISSN-L)
DOI: 10.1172/jci105043
PMC: PMC441967
OpenAlex: W2112073163
Cited by: 394
References: 34
Citations by year: 2026: 3 · 2025: 4 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 6 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 9 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 9
FWCI: 7.29
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: bronze
doi.org
Locations: Journal of Clinical Investigation (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: Washington State University
Topics: Health Sciences › Medicine › Complementary and alternative medicine › Cardiovascular and exercise physiology
Health Sciences › Medicine › Rehabilitation › Exercise and Physiological Responses
Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Thermoregulation and physiological responses
Keywords: indocyanine green clearance, hepatic blood flow, physical activity, splanchnic circulation, venous return, autologous blood transfusion, upright posture, venous reservoir
MeSH terms: Blood Volume, Coloring Agents, Physical Exertion, Hemodynamics, Humans, Indocyanine Green, Liver, Liver Circulation, Liver Function Tests, Male, Metabolism, Rest, Urine

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Indocyanine Green Clearance and Estimated Hepatic Blood Flow during Mild to Maximal Exercise in Upright Man *

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