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Cited by 442Muscle metabolism and nutritionMetabolism, Diabetes, and CancerMuscle Physiology and Disorders

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 46 of the 46 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Physiologic hyperinsulinemia stimulates protein synthesis and enhances transport of selected amino acids in human skeletal muscle

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Biolo, G, Declan Fleming, R Y, Wolfe, R R·1995·Journal of Clinical Investigation
DOI 10.1172/jci117731PMC PMC295560
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Abstract

We have investigated the mechanisms of the anabolic effect of insulin on muscle protein metabolism in healthy volunteers, using stable isotopic tracers of amino acids. Calculations of muscle protein synthesis, breakdown, and amino acid transport were based on data obtained with the leg arteriovenous catheterization and muscle biopsy. Insulin was infused (0.15 mU/min per 100 ml leg) into the femoral artery to increase femoral venous insulin concentration (from 10 +/- 2 to 77 +/- 9 microU/ml) with minimal systemic perturbations. Tissue concentrations of free essential amino acids decreased (P < 0.05) after insulin. The fractional synthesis rate of muscle protein (precursor-product approach) increased (P < 0.01) after insulin from 0.0401 +/- 0.0072 to 0.0677 +/- 0.0101%/h. Consistent with this observation, rates of utilization for protein synthesis of intracellular phenylalanine and lysine (arteriovenous balance approach) also increased from 40 +/- 8 to 59 +/- 8 (P < 0.05) and from 219 +/- 21 to 298 +/- 37 (P < 0.08) nmol/min per 100 ml leg, respectively. Release from protein breakdown of phenylalanine, leucine, and lysine was not significantly modified by insulin. Local hyperinsulinemia increased (P < 0.05) the rates of inward transport of leucine, lysine, and alanine, from 164 +/- 22 to 200 +/- 25, from 126 +/- 11 to 221 +/- 30, and from 403 +/- 64 to 595 +/- 106 nmol/min per 100 ml leg, respectively. Transport of phenylalanine did not change significantly. We conclude that insulin promoted muscle anabolism, primarily by stimulating protein synthesis independently of any effect on transmembrane transport.

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  1. Kimbal, S. R., K. E. Flaim, D. E. Peavy, and L. S. Jefferson. 1989. Protein metabolism. In Diabetes Mellitus, Theory and Practice. M. Ellemberg, and M. Rifkin, editors. Elsevier Science Publishing Co., Inc., New York/Amsterdam/ London. 41-50.
  2. Miller, L. L. 1962. The role of the liver and the non-hepatic tissues in the regulation of free amino acid levels in the blood. In Amino Acid Pools. J. T. Holden, editor. Elsevier Science Publishers B. V., Amsterdam. 708-722.

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Metadata

Authors
Biolo, G., Declan Fleming, R. Y., & Wolfe, R. R.
Affiliations
  • The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston (US)
  • Shriners Hospitals for Children - Galveston (US)
ORCID
Venue
Journal of Clinical Investigation
Publisher
American Society for Clinical Investigation
Published
1995-02-01
Volume
95
Issue
2
Pages
811-819
ISSN
0021-9738 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1172/jci117731
PMC
PMC295560
OpenAlex
W2041707781
Cited by
442
References
46
Citations by year
2026: 3 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 24 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 10 · 2018: 4 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 18 · 2015: 11 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 13
FWCI
3.78
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Journal of Clinical Investigation (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • ArTS Archivio della ricerca di Trieste (University of Trieste https://www.units.it/) (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • University of Texas Medical Branch
  • Shriners Hospitals for Children
  • National Institutes of Health (5r01dk033952-14)
  • U.S. Public Health Service (00074)
  • National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (DK 33952, DK-38010, R01DK038010)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Muscle metabolism and nutrition
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Metabolism, Diabetes, and Cancer
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Muscle Physiology and Disorders
Keywords
insulin, hyperinsulinemia, skeletal muscle, muscle protein synthesis, muscle protein degradation, amino acid transport, muscle anabolism, essential amino acids, phenylalanine, leucine, lysine, alanine
MeSH terms
Adult, Alanine, Amino Acids, Biological Transport, Femoral Vein, Humans, Hyperinsulinism, Insulin, Kinetics, Leucine, Lysine, Male, Mathematics, Models, Biological, Phenylalanine, Reference Values, Protein Biosynthesis, Muscle, Skeletal

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