Cited by 668Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum DisordersPsychoanalysis and Psychopathology ResearchAnxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes

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Clinical characteristics and family history in DSM-III obsessive- compulsive disorder

Steven A. Rasmussen, Ming T. Tsuang·1986·American Journal of Psychiatry

DOI 10.1176/ajp.143.3.317

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Abstract

The authors present the clinical characteristics, demographic features, and family history of a clinical sample of 44 patients who met DSM-III criteria for obsessive-compulsive disorder. Their findings are consistent with those of previous epidemiologic studies completed before the introduction of DSM-III with regard to phenomenology, course, and demographic characteristics. Most of the 44 patients had concomitant or lifetime histories of a major depressive disorder or another anxiety disorder. A number of first-degree relatives of these patients had probable obsessive-compulsive disorder or obsessive traits. The findings of this study should prove useful in further epidemiologic, biologic, and behavioral studies.

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Jang, J. H., Kim, H. S., Ha, T. H., Shin, N. Y., Kang, D.-H., Choi, J.-S., Ha, K., & Kwon, J. S. (2010) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2010.04.016 · Cited by 36
“…has been regarded as a unitary psychiatric disorder, heterogeneity in OCD has been suggested not only by the diversity of clinical and demographic characteristics of OCD patients (Foa et al., 1983; Rasmussen and Tsuang, 1986; Zohar et al., 1997) but also by genetic findings (Leckman et al., 2001).”
Background
The effectiveness of routinely delivered cognitive behavioural therapy for obsessive-compulsive disorder: A benchmarking study.
Houghton, S., Saxon, D., Bradburn, M., Ricketts, T., & Hardy, G. (2010) · British Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1348/014466509x475414 · Cited by 36
A comparative study of obsessive-compulsive disorder in Costa Rica and the United States
Chavira, D. A., Garrido, H., Bagnarello, M., Azzam, A., Reus, V. I., & Mathews, C. A. (2007) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.20357 · Cited by 36
“The most common compulsive behaviors include washing, checking, counting, ordering, and repeating words or actions [Akhtar et al., 1978;Goodman, 1999; Rasmussen and Tsuang, 1986].”
Obsessive—Compulsive Personality Disorder: A Review of Available Data and Recommendations for DSM-IV
PFOHL, B. M., & Blum, N. S. (1991) · Journal of Personality Disorders · doi:10.1521/pedi.1991.5.4.363 · Cited by 36
Genetic Studies of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Rasmussen, S. A. (1993) · Annals of Clinical Psychiatry · doi:10.3109/10401239309148823 · Cited by 36
Self-citation
Obsessive Slowness Revisited
Ratnasuriya, R. H., Marks, I. M., Forshaw, D. M., & Hymas, N. (1991) · The British Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1192/bjp.159.2.273 · Cited by 35
“Males predominated among 16 cases of OCD concerning symmetry and exactness (Rasmussen & Tsuang, 1986).”
Background
Altered olfactory processing and increased insula activity in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder: An fMRI study
Berlin, H. A., Stern, E. R., Ng, J., Zhang, S., Rosenthal, D. L., Turetzky, R., Tang, C. Y., & Goodman, W. K. (2017) · Psychiatry Research Neuroimaging · doi:10.1016/j.pscychresns.2017.01.012 · Cited by 37
“…disgust feelings during symptom provocation, (Phillips et al., 2000; Sieg and Scholz, 2001) and contamination concerns are the most common obsessions associated with OCD, (Rasmussen and Tsuang, 1986) presenting in up to 50% of people with OCD (Rachman and Hodgson, 1980; Rasmussen and Eisen, 1992).”
Background
Are Musical Obsessions a Temporal Lobe Phenomenon?
Zungu‐Dirwayi, N., Hugo, F. J., Heerden, B. B. V., & Stein, D. J. (1999) · Journal of Neuropsychiatry · doi:10.1176/jnp.11.3.398 · Cited by 34
Looming Vulnerability: Incremental Validity of a Fearful Cognitive Distortion in Contamination Fears
Elwood, L. S., Riskind, J. H., & Olatunji, B. O. (2009) · Cognitive Therapy and Research · doi:10.1007/s10608-009-9277-3 · Cited by 35
“The Anxiety Sensitivity Index (ASI; Reiss et al. 1986) is a 16-item measure that assesses the fear of anxiety symptoms.”
Background
Symptoms of health anxiety in obsessive–compulsive disorder: Relationship with treatment outcome and metacognition
Solem, S., Borgejordet, S., Haseth, S., Hansen, B. K. A., Håland, Å. T., & Bailey, R. (2015) · Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jocrd.2015.03.002 · Cited by 35
“Furthermore, patients with OCD often fear illness (Savron et al., 1996) and one study found that a third of OCD patients had somatic obsessions (Rasmussen & Tsuang, 1986).”
Background
Case Study: Bibliotherapy and Extinction Treatment of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder in a 5-Year-Old Boy
Tolin, D. F. (2001) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-200109000-00021 · Cited by 33
“OCD’s onset is not usually associated with trauma, although up to 25% of OCD patients report some kind of environmental trigger (Rasmussen and Tsuang, 1986).”
Background
Sexual history and quality of current relationships in patients with obsessive compulsive disorder: A comparison with two other psychiatric samples
Staebler, C. R., Pollard, C. A., & Merkel, W. T. (1993) · Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy · doi:10.1080/00926239308404898 · Cited by 33
Health Concerns in Patients With Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Abramowitz, J. S., Brigidi, B. D., & Foa, E. B. (1999) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/s0887-6185(99)00022-5 · Cited by 33
“Fourteen percent of patients in the sample reported excesive health concerns, a rate consistent with the 10% found by Savron et al. (1996) in a sample of 30 individuals with OCD.”
Result
Investigation into the relationship between personality traits and OCD
Rosen, K., & Tallis, F. (1995) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/0005-7967(94)00073-s · Cited by 33
The Termination of Checking and the Role of Just Right Feelings: A Study of Obsessional Checkers Compared with Anxious and Non-clinical Controls
Salkovskis, P., Millar, J., Gregory, J., & Wahl, K. (2016) · Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy · doi:10.1017/s135246581600031x · Cited by 13
“Checking (to make sure that something is right) is not only the most frequent compulsion (Rasmussen and Tsuang, 1986) but can be an intrinsic element of compulsive rituals, including washing, ordering and repeating.”
Background
Cognitive‐behavioral treatment of repugnant obsessions
Purdon, C. L. (2004) · Journal of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1002/jclp.20081 · Cited by 32
Outlining new frontiers for the comprehension of obsessive-compulsive disorder: a review of its relationship with fear and anxiety
Diniz, J. B., Miguel, E. C., de Oliveira, A. R., Reimer, A. E., Brandão, M. L., de Mathis, M. A., Batistuzzo, M. C., Costa, D. L. C., & Hoexter, M. Q. (2012) · Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s1516-4446(12)70056-9 · Cited by 32
Behavioral treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder in African Americans: clinical issues.
Williams, K., Chambless, D., & Steketee, G. (1998) · Journal of Behavior Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s0005-7916(98)00004-4 · Cited by 39
Neural correlates of emotional response inhibition in obsessive-compulsive disorder: A preliminary study
Berlin, H. A., Schulz, K. P., Zhang, S., Turetzky, R., Rosenthal, D. L., & Goodman, W. K. (2015) · Psychiatry Research Neuroimaging · doi:10.1016/j.pscychresns.2015.09.019 · Cited by 34
“Contamination (intense, persistent feeling of having been polluted or infected; Rachman, 2004) concerns are the most common obsessions associated with OCD (Rasmussen and Tsuang, 1986), presenting in up to 50% of OCD patients (Rachman and Hodgson, 1980; Rasmussen and Eisen, 1992).”
Background
Transtorno obsessivo-compulsivo
do Rosário, M. C., & Mercadante, M. T. (2000) · Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1590/s1516-44462000000600005 · Cited by 31
Randomized, Placebo-Controlled Trial of Exposure and Ritual Prevention, Clomipramine, and Their Combination in the Treatment of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Foa, E. B., Liebowitz, M. R., Kozak, M. J., Davies, S. O., Campeas, R., Franklin, M. E., Huppert, J. D., Kjernisted, K. D., Rowan, V. C., Schmidt, A. B., et al. (2007) · FOCUS The Journal of Lifelong Learning in Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/foc.5.3.foc368 · Cited by 31
Corrigendum to “Gender in obsessive–compulsive disorder: clinical and genetic findings” [Eur. Neuropsychopharmacol. 14/2 (2004) 105–113]
Löchner, C., Hemmings, S. M. J., Kinnear, C. J., Moolman‐Smook, J. C., Corfield, V. A., Knowles, J. A., Niehaus, D. J. H., & Stein, D. J. (2004) · European Neuropsychopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.euroneuro.2004.05.002 · Cited by 33
Group Cognitive-Behavior Therapy or Group Metacognitive Therapy for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder? Benchmarking and Comparative Effectiveness in a Routine Clinical Service
Papageorgiou, C., Carlile, K., Thorgaard, S., Waring, H., Haslam, J., Horne, L., & Wells, A. (2018) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2018.02551 · Cited by 30
The battle of living with obsessive compulsive disorder: a qualitative study of young people's experiences
Keyes, C., Nolte, L., & Williams, T. I. (2017) · Child and Adolescent Mental Health · doi:10.1111/camh.12216 · Cited by 30
“It has been found that 50% of adults diagnosed with OCD recall difficulties developing in childhood, yet did not seek help at that stage (Heyman, 2005) and an average delay of 7.6 years was found from development of difficulties to search for professional help (Rasmussen & Tsuang, 1986).”
Influential
Prevalence and clinical characteristics of mental rituals in a longitudinal clinical sample of obsessive-compulsive disorder
Sibrava, N. J., Boisseau, C. L., Mancebo, M. C., Eisen, J. L., & Rasmussen, S. A. (2011) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.20869 · Cited by 35
“Demographic and clinical characteristics of this sample are consistent with those of samples in previous studies of OCD phenomenology, including the DSM-IV field trial.[17,37,38]”
ResultSelf-citation
Genetic susceptibility in obsessive-compulsive disorder
Fernandez, T. V., Leckman, J. F., & Pittenger, C. (2018) · Handbook of clinical neurology · doi:10.1016/b978-0-444-64076-5.00049-1 · Cited by 34
Quality of Life in Treatment-Seeking Patients with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder with and without Major Depressive Disorder
Cassin, S. E., Richter, M. A., Zhang, K. A., & Rector, N. A. (2009) · The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/070674370905400707 · Cited by 32
“Further examination of the role of depression in OCD is an extremely important issue given that more than any other anxiety disorder, OCD is complicated by depression comorbidity, typically identified as the secondary disorder.(13,16)”
Background
Religion, Ethnicity and Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder
Raphael, F. J., Rani, S., Bale, R., & Drummond, L. M. (1996) · International Journal of Social Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/002076409604200105 · Cited by 30
Tourette's Syndrome
Shavitt, R. G., Hounie, A. G., do Rosário, M. C., & Miguel, E. C. (2006) · Psychiatric Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.psc.2006.02.005 · Cited by 30
Perceived parental characteristics of patients with obsessive compulsive disorder, depression, and panic disorder
Merkel, W. T., Pollard, C. A., Wiener, R. L., & Staebler, C. R. (1993) · Child Psychiatry & Human Development · doi:10.1007/bf02353718 · Cited by 29

Authors: Rasmussen, S. A., & Tsuang, M. T.
Affiliations: Butler Hospital (US)
ORCID: Steven A. Rasmussen
Ming T. Tsuang
Venue: American Journal of Psychiatry
Publisher: American Psychiatric Association Publishing
Published: 1986-03-01
Volume: 143
Issue: 3
Pages: 317-322
ISSN: 0002-953X (ISSN-L)
1535-7228
DOI: 10.1176/ajp.143.3.317
OpenAlex: W1679486966
Cited by: 668
References: 22
Citations by year: 2026: 5 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 17 · 2014: 19 · 2013: 15 · 2012: 51
FWCI: 17.14
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: American Journal of Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institute of Mental Health (MH38096, MH38079)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Obsessive-Compulsive Spectrum Disorders
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychoanalysis and Psychopathology Research
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
Keywords: obsessive-compulsive disorder, DSM-III criteria, clinical features, family history (medicine), first-degree relatives, comorbid depression, anxiety disorders, demographic factors, clinical course
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Adult, Anxiety Disorders, Depressive Disorder, Female, Humans, Male, Manuals as Topic, Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder, Risk, Schizophrenia

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Clinical characteristics and family history in DSM-III obsessive- compulsive disorder

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