Cited by 225Personality Disorders and PsychopathologyPersonality Traits and PsychologyBipolar Disorder and Treatment

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 40 of the 40 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Relationship of Personality Disorders to the Course of Major Depressive Disorder in a Nationally Representative Sample

Open access

Skodol, Andrew E., Grilo, Carlos M., Keyes, Katherine M., Geier, Timothy, Grant, Bridget F., Hasin, Deborah S.·2011·American Journal of Psychiatry

DOI 10.1176/appi.ajp.2010.10050695PMC PMC3202962

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of specific personality disorder comorbidity on the course of major depressive disorder in a nationally representative sample. METHOD: Data were drawn from 1,996 participants in a national survey. Participants who met criteria for major depressive disorder at baseline in face-to-face interviews (in 2001-2002) were reinterviewed 3 years later (in 2004-2005) to determine persistence and recurrence. Predictors included all DSM-IV personality disorders. Control variables included demographic characteristics, other axis I disorders, family and treatment histories, and previously established predictors of the course of major depressive disorder. RESULTS: A total of 15.1% of participants had persistent major depressive disorder, and 7.3% of those who remitted had a recurrence. Univariate analyses indicated that avoidant, borderline, histrionic, paranoid, schizoid, and schizotypal personality disorders all elevated the risk for persistence. With axis I comorbidity controlled, all personality disorders except histrionic personality disorder remained significant. With all other personality disorders controlled, borderline and schizotypal disorders remained significant predictors. In final, multivariate analyses that controlled for age at onset of major depressive disorder, the number of previous episodes, duration of the current episode, family history, and treatment, borderline personality disorder remained a robust predictor of major depressive disorder persistence. Neither personality disorders nor other clinical variables predicted recurrence. CONCLUSIONS: In this nationally representative sample of adults with major depressive disorder, borderline personality disorder robustly predicted persistence, a finding that converges with recent clinical studies. Personality psychopathology, particularly borderline personality disorder, should be assessed in all patients with major depressive disorder, considered in prognosis, and addressed in treatment.

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1176/appi.ajp.2010.10050695

Cites

40 of 40 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

Lifetime Prevalence and Age-of-Onset Distributions of DSM-IV Disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication
Kessler, R. C., Berglund, P., Demler, O., Jin, R., Merikangas, K. R., & Walters, E. E. (2005) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.62.6.593 · Cited by 20,391
Prevalence, Severity, and Comorbidity of 12-Month DSM-IV Disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication
Kessler, R. C., Chiu, W. T., Demler, O., & Walters, E. E. (2005) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.62.6.617 · Cited by 12,052
Global and regional burden of disease and risk factors, 2001: systematic analysis of population health data
Lopez, A. D., Mathers, C. D., Ezzati, M., Jamison, D. T., & Murray, C. J. (2006) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(06)68770-9 · Cited by 5,630
Epidemiology of Major Depressive Disorder: Results From the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcoholism and Related Conditions
Hasin, D. S., Goodwin, R. D., Stinson, F. S., & Grant, B. F. (2005) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.62.10.1097 · Cited by 1,645
Self-citation
Prevalence, Correlates, Disability, and Comorbidity of DSM-IV Borderline Personality Disorder: Results From the Wave 2 National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions
Grant, B. F., Chou, S. P., Goldstein, R. B., Huang, B., Stinson, F. S., Saha, T. D., Smith, S. M., Dawson, D. S., Pulay, A. J., Pickering, R. P., et al. (2008) · The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry · doi:10.4088/jcp.v69n0404 · Cited by 1,618
Self-citation
The Alcohol Use Disorder and Associated Disabilities Interview Schedule-IV (AUDADIS-IV): reliability of alcohol consumption, tobacco use, family history of depression and psychiatric diagnostic modules in a general population sample
Grant, B. F., Dawson, D. A., Stinson, F. S., Chou, P. S., Kay, W., & Pickering, R. (2003) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/s0376-8716(03)00070-x · Cited by 1,110
Self-citation
Recurrence after recovery from major depressive disorder during 15 years of observational follow-up
Mueller, T. I., Leon, A. C., Keller, M. B., Solomon, D. A., Endicott, J., Coryell, W., Warshaw, M., & Maser, J. D. (1999) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.156.7.1000 · Cited by 897
Time to Recovery, Chronicity, and Levels of Psychopathology in Major Depression: A 5-Year Prospective Follow-up of 431 Subjects
Keller, M. B. (1992) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1992.01820100053010 · Cited by 864
Prevention of Relapse following cognitive therapy vs medications in moderate to severe depression.
Hollon, S. D., DeRubeis, R. J., Shelton, R. C., Amsterdam, J. D., Salomon, R. M., O’Reardon, J. P., Lovett, M. L., Young, P. R., Haman, K. L., Freeman, B. B., et al. (2005) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.62.4.417 · Cited by 735
Prevalence, Correlates, and Disability of Personality Disorders in the United States: Results From the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions
Grant, B. F., Hasin, D. S., Stinson, F. S., Dawson, D. A., Chou, S. P., Ruan, W. J., & Pickering, R. P. (2004) · The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry · doi:10.4088/jcp.v65n0711 · Cited by 724
Self-citation

Show all 40 references

Research works printed but not linked: 2

Grilo CM, J Clin Psychiatry
Pulay AJ, J Clin Psychiatry

Sorted by citations

Epidemiology of Adult DSM-5 Major Depressive Disorder and Its Specifiers in the United States
Hasin, D. S., Sarvet, A. L., Meyers, J. L., Saha, T. D., Ruan, W. J., Stohl, M., & Grant, B. F. (2018) · JAMA Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2017.4602 · Cited by 1,737
Self-citation
Borderline personality disorder
Gunderson, J. G., Herpertz, S. C., Skodol, A. E., Torgersen, S. O., & Zanarini, M. C. (2018) · Nature Reviews Disease Primers · doi:10.1038/nrdp.2018.29 · Cited by 511
Self-citation
The National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC) Waves 1 and 2: review and summary of findings
Hasin, D. S., & Grant, B. F. (2015) · Social Psychiatry and Psychiatric Epidemiology · doi:10.1007/s00127-015-1088-0 · Cited by 452
Self-citation
Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments (CANMAT) 2016 Clinical Guidelines for the Management of Adults with Major Depressive Disorder: Section 1. Disease Burden and Principles of Care
Lam, R. W., McIntosh, D., Wang, J., Enns, M. W., Kolivakis, T., Michalak, E. E., Sareen, J., Song, W.-Y., Kennedy, S. H., MacQueen, G. M., et al. (2016) · The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/0706743716659416 · Cited by 288
Comorbidity of personality disorders in mood disorders: A meta-analytic review of 122 studies from 1988 to 2010
Friborg, O., Martinsen, E. W., Martinussen, M., Kaiser, S., Øvergård, K. T., & Rosenvinge, J. H. (2014) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2013.08.023 · Cited by 242
Personality Disorders and the 3-Year Course of Alcohol, Drug, and Nicotine Use Disorders
Hasin, D. S. (2011) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2011.136 · Cited by 204
Self-citation
The prospective long-term course of adult depression in general practice and the community. A systematic literature review
Steinert, C., Hofmann, M., Kruse, J., & Leichsenring, F. (2013) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2013.10.017 · Cited by 156
The American Psychiatric Publishing Textbook of Personality Disorders
Oldham, J. M., Skodol, A. E., & Bender, D. S. (2014) · Cited by 146
Self-citation
Predictors of remission in depression to individual and combined treatments (PReDICT): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial
Dunlop, B. W., Binder, E. B., Cubells, J. F., Goodman, M. M., Kelley, M. E., Kinkead, B., Kutner, M., Nemeroff, C. B., Newport, D. J., Owens, M. J., et al. (2012) · Trials · doi:10.1186/1745-6215-13-106 · Cited by 136
Subsyndromal depression in the United States: prevalence, course, and risk for incident psychiatric outcomes
Pietrzak, R. H., Kinley, J., Afifi, T. O., Enns, M. W., FAWCETT, J. A., & Sareen, J. (2012) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291712002309 · Cited by 131
Comorbidity of psychiatric and substance use disorders in the United States: current issues and findings from the NESARC
Hasin, D., & Kilcoyne, B. (2012) · Current Opinion in Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/yco.0b013e3283523dcc · Cited by 125
Self-citation
Treatment for chronic depression using schema therapy.
Renner, F., Arntz, A. R., Leeuw, I., & Huibers, M. J. H. (2013) · Clinical Psychology Science and Practice · doi:10.1111/cpsp.12032 · Cited by 108
Recurrence and chronicity of major depressive disorder and their risk indicators in a population cohort
ten Have, M., de Graaf, R., van Dorsselaer, S., Tuithof, M., Kleinjan, M., & Penninx, B. W. J. H. (2018) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/acps.12874 · Cited by 106
The risk for persistent adult alcohol and nicotine dependence: the role of childhood maltreatment: Child maltreatment and substance persistence
Elliott, J. C., Stohl, M., Wall, M. M., Keyes, K. M., Goodwin, R. D., Skodol, A. E., Krueger, R. F., Grant, B. F., & Hasin, D. S. (2014) · Addiction · doi:10.1111/add.12477 · Cited by 103
Self-citation
Psychiatric comorbidity and the persistence of drug use disorders in the United States
Fenton, M. C., Keyes, K. M., Geier, T. J., Greenstein, E., Skodol, A. E., Krueger, B., Grant, B. F., & Hasin, D. S. (2011) · Addiction · doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2011.03638.x · Cited by 106
Self-citation
Treatment-Resistant Depression Revisited: A Glimmer of Hope
Halaris, A. E., Sohl, E., & Whitham, E. A. (2021) · Journal of Personalized Medicine · doi:10.3390/jpm11020155 · Cited by 101
Comparing chronic interpersonal and noninterpersonal stress domains as predictors of depression recurrence in emerging adults
Sheets, E. S., & Craighead, W. E. (2014) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2014.09.001 · Cited by 93
Epidemiology of chronic and nonchronic major depressive disorder: results from the national epidemiologic survey on alcohol and related conditions
Rubio, J. M., Markowitz, J. C., Alegría, A. A., Pérez-Fuentes, G., Liu, S.-M., Lin, K., & Blanco, C. (2011) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.20864 · Cited by 95
Borderline Personality Disorder: Risk Factors and Early Detection
Bozzatello, P., Garbarini, C., Rocca, P., & Bellino, S. (2021) · Diagnostics · doi:10.3390/diagnostics11112142 · Cited by 112
Interactions of Borderline Personality Disorder and Anxiety Disorders Over 10 Years
Keuroghlian, A. S., Gunderson, J. G., Pagano, M. E., Markowitz, J. C., Ansell, E. B., Shea, M. T., Morey, L. C., Sanislow, C. A., Grilo, C. M., Stout, R. L., et al. (2015) · The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry · doi:10.4088/jcp.14m09748 · Cited by 88
Self-citation
The Dutch Measure for quantification of Treatment Resistance in Depression (DM-TRD): an extension of the Maudsley Staging Method
Peeters, F. P. M. L., Ruhe, H. G., Wichers, M., Abidi, L., Kaub, K., van der Lande, H. J., Spijker, J., Huibers, M. J. H., & Schene, A. H. (2016) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2016.08.019 · Cited by 72
Treatment-resistant Late-life Depression: Challenges and Perspectives
Knöchel, C., Alves, G. S., Friedrichs, B., Schneider, B., Schmidt-Rechau, A., Wenzler, S., Schneider, A., Prvulovic, D., Carvalho, A. F., & Oertel‐Knöchel, V. (2015) · Current Neuropharmacology · doi:10.2174/1570159x1305151013200032 · Cited by 76
PERSONALITY DISORDERS AND THE PERSISTENCE OF ANXIETY DISORDERS IN A NATIONALLY REPRESENTATIVE SAMPLE
Skodol, A. E., Geier, T. J., Grant, B. F., & Hasin, D. S. (2014) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.22287 · Cited by 68
Self-citation
Relationship between personality and psychopathology in a longitudinal community study: a test of the predisposition model
Hengartner, M. P., Ajdacic‐Gross, V., Wyss, C., Angst, J., & Wulf Rössler, A. (2016) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291716000210 · Cited by 72
Personality Traits as Risk Factors for Treatment-Resistant Depression
Takahashi, M., Shirayama, Y., Muneoka, K. T., Suzuki, M., Sato, K., & Hashimoto, K. (2013) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0063756 · Cited by 63
A comprehensive model of predictors of persistence and recurrence in adults with major depression: Results from a national 3-year prospective study
Hoertel, N., Blanco, C., Oquendo, M. A., Wall, M. M., Olfson, M., Falissard, B., Franco, S., Peyre, H., Lemogne, C., & Limosin, F. (2017) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2017.07.022 · Cited by 68
Problematic internet use, psychopathology, personality, defense and coping
Laconi, S., Vigouroux, M., Lafuente, C., & Chabrol, H. (2017) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2017.03.025 · Cited by 62
Identification of Children of Parents With Mental Illness: A Necessity to Provide Relevant Support
Reedtz, C., Lauritzen, C., Støver, Y. V., Freili, J. L., & Rognmo, K. (2019) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00728 · Cited by 59
The Mental Health Needs of Military Service Members and Veterans
Lazar, S. G. (2014) · Psychodynamic Psychiatry · doi:10.1521/pdps.2014.42.3.459 · Cited by 62
Borderline personality disorder and depressive disorder
Rao, S., & Broadbear, J. (2019) · Australasian Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/1039856219878643 · Cited by 45
Qualitative Analysis of Resources and Barriers Related to Treatment of Borderline Personality Disorder in the United States
Lohman, M. C., Whiteman, K. L., Yeomans, F. E., Cherico, S. A., & Christ, W. R. (2016) · Psychiatric Services · doi:10.1176/appi.ps.201600108 · Cited by 59
Borderline Personality Disorder in the Primary Care Setting
Dubovsky, A. N., & Kiefer, M. M. (2014) · Medical Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.mcna.2014.06.005 · Cited by 58
Pharmacological Management of Borderline Personality Disorder and Common Comorbidities
Pascual, J. C., Arias, L., & Soler, J. (2023) · CNS Drugs · doi:10.1007/s40263-023-01015-6 · Cited by 61
Chapter 70. Borderline Personality Disorder
Gunderson, J. G., Weinberg, I., & Choi-Kain, L. W. (2014) · American Psychiatric Association Publishing eBooks · doi:10.1176/appi.books.9781585625048.gg70 · Cited by 55
Evidence-Based Applications of Combination Psychotherapy and Pharmacotherapy for Depression
Dunlop, B. W. (2016) · FOCUS The Journal of Lifelong Learning in Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.focus.20150042 · Cited by 58
The American Psychiatric Association Practice Guideline for the Treatment of Patients With Borderline Personality Disorder
Keepers, G. A., Fochtmann, L. J., Anzia, J. M., Benjamin, S., Lyness, J. M., Mojtabai, R., Servis, M. E., Choi-Kain, L. W., Nelson, K. J., Oldham, J. M., et al. (2024) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.24181010 · Cited by 62
Temperament and character influence on depression treatment outcome
Balestri, M., Porcelli, S., Souery, D., Kasper, S. F., Dikeos, D. G., Ferentinos, P. P., Papadimitriou, G. N., Rujescu, D., Martinotti, G., Nicola, M. D., et al. (2019) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2019.04.031 · Cited by 51
Personality disorders and accentuations in at‐risk persons with and without conversion to first‐episode psychosis
Schultze‐Lutter, F., Klosterkötter, J., Michel, C., Winkler, K., & Ruhrmann, S. (2012) · Early Intervention in Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1751-7893.2011.00324.x · Cited by 47
A prediction algorithm for first onset of major depression in the general population: development and validation
Wang, J., Sareen, J., Patten, S. B., Bolton, J. M., Schmitz, N., & Birney, A. (2014) · Journal of Epidemiology & Community Health · doi:10.1136/jech-2013-202845 · Cited by 49
Depression in Patients with Borderline Personality Disorder
Yoshimatsu, K., & Palmer, B. (2014) · Harvard Review of Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/hrp.0000000000000045 · Cited by 57
The Cost-Effectiveness of Psychotherapy for the Major Psychiatric Diagnoses
Lazar, S. G. (2014) · Psychodynamic Psychiatry · doi:10.1521/pdps.2014.42.3.423 · Cited by 47
Development and validation of a prediction algorithm for use by health professionals in prediction of recurrence of major depression
Wang, J. L., Patten, S., Sareen, J., Bolton, J., Schmitz, N., & MacQueen, G. (2014) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.22215 · Cited by 43
How does borderline personality disorder affect management and treatment response of patients with major depressive disorder? A comprehensive review
Ceresa, A., Esposito, C. M., & Buoli, M. (2020) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2020.11.111 · Cited by 42
Borderline personality disorder in transition age youth with bipolar disorder
Yen, S., Frazier, E., Hower, H. M., Weinstock, L. M., Topor, D. R., Hunt, J., Goldstein, T. R., Goldstein, B. I., Gill, M. K., Ryan, N. D., et al. (2015) · Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica · doi:10.1111/acps.12415 · Cited by 43
Practical Considerations in the Development and Refinement of Subcallosal Cingulate White Matter Deep Brain Stimulation for Treatment-Resistant Depression
Riva‐Posse, P., Holtzheimer, P. E., Garlow, S. J., & Mayberg, H. S. (2012) · World Neurosurgery · doi:10.1016/j.wneu.2012.11.074 · Cited by 42
The specificity of mental pain in borderline personality disorder compared to depressive disorders and healthy controls
Fertuck, E. A., Karan, E., & Stanley, B. (2016) · Borderline Personality Disorder and Emotion Dysregulation · doi:10.1186/s40479-016-0036-2 · Cited by 40
Borderline Personality Disorder and Depression: An Update
Luca, M., Luca, A., & Calandra, C. (2011) · Psychiatric Quarterly · doi:10.1007/s11126-011-9198-7 · Cited by 40
The Efficacy of Psychotherapy: Focus on Psychodynamic Psychotherapy as an Example
Levy, K. N., Ehrenthal, J. C., Yeomans, F. E., & Caligor, E. (2014) · Psychodynamic Psychiatry · doi:10.1521/pdps.2014.42.3.377 · Cited by 40
PREDICTING OUTCOME OF DEPRESSION USING THE DEPRESSIVE SYMPTOM PROFILE: THE LEIDEN ROUTINE OUTCOME MONITORING STUDY
van Noorden, M. S., van Fenema, E. M., van der Wee, N. J. A., Zitman, F. G., & Giltay, E. J. (2012) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.21958 · Cited by 40
Predicting Nonsuicidal Self-Injury in Borderline Personality Disorder Using Ecological Momentary Assessment
Ammerman, B. A., Olino, T. M., Coccaro, E. F., & McCloskey, M. S. (2017) · Journal of Personality Disorders · doi:10.1521/pedi_2017_31_278 · Cited by 39
General psychopathology factor and borderline personality disorder: Evidence for substantial overlap from two nationally representative surveys of U.S. adults.
Gluschkoff, K., Jokela, M. M., & Rosenström, T. H. (2020) · Personality Disorders Theory Research and Treatment · doi:10.1037/per0000405 · Cited by 42
The relation of borderline personality disorder to aggression, victimization, and institutional misconduct among prisoners
Moore, K. E., Gobin, R. L., McCauley, H. L., Kao, C.-W., Anthony, S. M., Kubiak, S., Zlotnick, C., & Johnson, J. E. (2018) · Comprehensive Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.comppsych.2018.03.007 · Cited by 35
Effectiveness of Electroconvulsive Therapy in Patients With Major Depressive Disorder and Comorbid Borderline Personality Disorder
Lee, J. H., Kung, S., Rasmussen, K. G., & Palmer, B. A. (2018) · Journal of Ect · doi:10.1097/yct.0000000000000533 · Cited by 34
Recognition of personality disorder and anxiety disorder comorbidity in patients treated for depression in secondary psychiatric care
Asp, M., Lindqvist, D., Fernström, J., Ambrus, L., Tuninger, E., Reis, M., & Westrin, Å. (2020) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0227364 · Cited by 38
Predictors of Response to Web-Based Cognitive Behavioral Therapy With High-Intensity Face-to-Face Therapist Guidance for Depression: A Bayesian Analysis
Høifødt, R. S., Mittner, M., Lillevoll, K. R., Katla, S. K., Kolstrup, N., Eisemann, M. R., Friborg, O., & Waterloo, K. K. (2015) · Journal of Medical Internet Research · doi:10.2196/jmir.4351 · Cited by 35
Personality Disorder Classification: Stuck in Neutral, How to Move Forward?
Skodol, A. E. (2014) · Current Psychiatry Reports · doi:10.1007/s11920-014-0480-x · Cited by 33
Self-citation
How can the DSM-5 alternative model of personality disorders advance understanding of depression?
Vittengl, J. R., Jarrett, R. B., Ro, E., & Clark, L. A. (2022) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2022.09.146 · Cited by 34
Predictors of 1-year outcomes of major depressive disorder among individuals with a lifetime diagnosis: a population-based study
Wang, J. L., Patten, S. B., Currie, S. R., Sareen, J., & Schmitz, N. (2011) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291711001218 · Cited by 31
An item response theory analysis of DSM-IV diagnostic criteria for personality disorders: Findings from the national epidemiologic survey on alcohol and related conditions.
Harford, T. C., Chen, C. M., Saha, T. D., Smith, S. M. R., Hasin, D. S., & Grant, B. F. (2012) · Personality Disorders Theory Research and Treatment · doi:10.1037/a0027416 · Cited by 30
Self-citation
Borderline personality disorder among primary care depressive patients: A five-year study
Riihimäki, K., Vuorilehto, M. S., & Isometsä, E. T. (2013) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2013.10.050 · Cited by 32
Childhood maltreatment, personality disorders and 3‐year persistence of adult alcohol and nicotine dependence in a national sample
Elliott, J. C., Stohl, M., Wall, M. M., Keyes, K. M., Skodol, A. E., Eaton, N. R., Shmulewitz, D., Goodwin, R. D., Grant, B. F., & Hasin, D. S. (2015) · Addiction · doi:10.1111/add.13292 · Cited by 29
Self-citation
PATHOLOGICAL PERSONALITY TRAITS AND THE NATURALISTIC COURSE OF INTERNALIZING DISORDERS AMONG HIGH-RISK YOUNG ADULTS
Conway, C., Craske, M. G., Zinbarg, R. E., & Mineka, S. (2015) · Depression and Anxiety · doi:10.1002/da.22404 · Cited by 30
Personality disorders and suicide attempts in unipolar and bipolar mood disorders
Jylhä, P. J., Rosenström, T. H., Mantere, O., Suominen, K. H., Melartin, T. K., Vuorilehto, M. S., Holma, M., Riihimäki, K., Oquendo, M. A., Keltikangas‐Järvinen, L., et al. (2015) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2015.11.006 · Cited by 28
Identifying Factors That Predict Longitudinal Outcomes of Untreated Common Mental Disorders
Henriksen, C. A., Stein, M. B., Afifi, T. O., Enns, M. W., Lix, L. M., & Sareen, J. (2014) · Psychiatric Services · doi:10.1176/appi.ps.201300564 · Cited by 32
Predicting outcomes of mood, anxiety and somatoform disorders: The Leiden routine outcome monitoring study
van Noorden, M. S., van Fenema, E. M., van der Wee, N. J. A., van Rood, Y. R., Carlier, I. V. E., Zitman, F. G., & Giltay, E. J. (2012) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2012.03.051 · Cited by 27
Utilisation problématique d’Internet, temps passé en ligne et traits de personnalité
Laconi, S., Andreoletti, A., Chauchard, É., Rodgers, R. F., & Chabrol, H. (2016) · L Encéphale · doi:10.1016/j.encep.2015.12.017 · Cited by 26
Personality traits as risk factors for relapse or recurrence in major depression: a systematic review
Altaweel, N., Upthegrove, R., Surtees, A. D. R., Durdurak, B. B., & Marwaha, S. (2023) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1176355 · Cited by 24
Predictors of remission from chronic depression: A prospective study in a nationally representative sample
Agosti, V. (2013) · Comprehensive Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.comppsych.2013.09.016 · Cited by 26
Clinical features related to rapid cycling and one-year euthymia in bipolar disorder patients: A multicenter treatment survey for bipolar disorder in psychiatric clinics (MUSUBI)
Kato, M., Adachi, N., Kubota, Y., Azekawa, T., Ueda, H., Edagawa, K., Katsumoto, E., Goto, E., Hongo, S., Tsuboi, T., et al. (2020) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2020.09.030 · Cited by 22
Role of Personality Functioning in the Quality of Life of Patients with Depression
Carla Crempien, C., Grez, M., Valdés, C., López, M. J., de la Parra, G., & Krause, M. (2017) · The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease · doi:10.1097/nmd.0000000000000676 · Cited by 23
Personality and cognitive vulnerability in remitted recurrently depressed patients
van Rijsbergen, G. D., Kok, G. D., Elgersma, H. J., Hollon, S. D., & Bockting, C. (2014) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2014.10.042 · Cited by 25
Off-label use of atypical antipsychotics in personality disorders
Rosenbluth, M. J., & Sinyor, M. (2011) · Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy · doi:10.1517/14656566.2011.608351 · Cited by 24
Association of comorbid personality disorders with clinical characteristics and outcome in a randomized controlled trial comparing two psychotherapies for early-onset persistent depressive disorder
Erkens, N., Schramm, E., Kriston, L., Hautzinger, M., Härter, M. C., Schweiger, U., & Klein, J. P. (2018) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2017.12.091 · Cited by 22
The complexity of treatment-resistant depression: A data-driven approach
Rost, F., Booker, T., Gonsard, A., de Felice, G., Asseburg, L., Castillo, J. M., Koutoufa, I., Ridsdale, H., Johnson, R., Taylor, D., et al. (2024) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2024.04.093 · Cited by 23
Prescribing Practices for Patients With Borderline Personality Disorder During Psychiatric Hospitalizations
Romanowicz, M., Schak, K. M., Voort, J. L. V., Leung, J. G., Larrabee, B. R., & Palmer, B. A. (2019) · Journal of Personality Disorders · doi:10.1521/pedi_2019_33_405 · Cited by 20
Testing the social competition hypothesis of depression using a simple economic game
Kupferberg, A., Hager, O. M., Fischbacher, U., Brändle, L. S., Haynes, M., & Hasler, G. (2016) · BJPsych Open · doi:10.1192/bjpo.bp.115.001362 · Cited by 20
DSM-IV personality disorders and associations with externalizing and internalizing disorders: Results from the National Epidemiologic Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions
Harford, T. C., Chen, C. M., Saha, T. D., Smith, S. M. R., Ruan, W. J., & Grant, B. F. (2013) · Journal of Psychiatric Research · doi:10.1016/j.jpsychires.2013.07.016 · Cited by 20
Self-citation
The impact of personality disorder pathology on the effectiveness of Cognitive Therapy and Interpersonal Psychotherapy for Major Depressive Disorder
van Bronswijk, S. C., Lemmens, L. H. J. M., Viechtbauer, W., Huibers, M. J. H., Arntz, A. R., & Peeters, F. P. M. L. (2017) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2017.08.043 · Cited by 20
Treatment Resistance and Psychodynamic Psychiatry: Concepts Psychiatry Needs from Psychoanalysis
Plakun, E. M. (2012) · Psychodynamic Psychiatry · doi:10.1521/pdps.2012.40.2.183 · Cited by 20
Investigating schema therapy constructs in individuals with depression
Barbara, B., & Mancini, K. T. F. (2018) · Journal of Psychology & Clinical Psychiatry · doi:10.15406/jpcpy.2018.09.00524 · Cited by 18
The impact of borderline personality disorder and sub-threshold borderline personality disorder on the course of self-reported and clinician-rated depression in self-harming adolescents
Ramleth, R., Grøholt, B., Diep, L. M., Walby, F. A., & Mehlum, L. I. (2017) · Borderline Personality Disorder and Emotion Dysregulation · doi:10.1186/s40479-017-0073-5 · Cited by 24
Alcohol Use Disorder and the Persistence/Recurrence of Major Depression: Le trouble de l’usage de l’alcool et la persistance/récurrence de la dépression majeure
Onaemo, V. N., Fawehinmi, T. O., & D’Arcy, C. (2020) · The Canadian Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/0706743720923065 · Cited by 18
Psychodynamic Psychiatry, the Biopsychosocial Model, and the Difficult Patient
Plakun, E. M. (2018) · Psychiatric Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.psc.2018.01.007 · Cited by 17
Risk factors for recurrence in depression in the Lundby population, 1947–1997
Nöbbelin, L., Bogren, M., Mattisson, C., & Brådvik, L. (2017) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2017.11.038 · Cited by 16
The co-occurrence between depressive symptoms and paranoid ideation: A population-based longitudinal study.
Saarinen, A., Hintsanen, M., Hakulinen, C., Pulkki-Råback, L., Lehtimäki, T., Raitakari, O., & Keltikangas-Järvinen, L. (2018) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2017.12.045 · Cited by 15
Mental health disorders, functioning and health-related quality of life among extensively hospitalized patients due to severe self-harm – results from the Extreme Challenges project
Langjord, T., Pedersen, G., Bovim, T., Christensen, T. B., Eikenæs, I. U.-M., Hove, O., Kildahl, A. N., Mork, E., Norheim, A. B., Ramleth, R., et al. (2023) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1258025 · Cited by 17
Axis II disorders and cigarette smoking among adults from the general population.
Becoña, E., del Río, E. D., López-Durán, A., Piñeiro, B., & Martínez, Ú. (2013) · Journal of Personality Disorders · doi:10.1521/pedi_2012_26_051 · Cited by 14
Intranasal oxytocin as an adjunct treatment among patients with severe major depression with and without comorbid borderline personality disorder
Maoz, H., Grossman‐Giron, A., Sedoff, O., Nitzan, U., Kashua, H., Yarmishin, M., Arad, O., & Bitan, D. T. (2023) · Journal of Affective Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.jad.2023.11.053 · Cited by 15
Passive Event-Related Potentials to a Single Tone in Treatment-Resistant Depression, Generalized Anxiety Disorder, and Borderline Personality Disorder Patients
Xu, S., Chai, H., Hu, J., Xu, Y., Chen, W., & Wang, W. (2014) · Journal of Clinical Neurophysiology · doi:10.1097/wnp.0000000000000091 · Cited by 14
Clinical Necessity Guidelines for Psychotherapy, Insurance Medical Necessity and Utilization Review Protocols, and Mental Health Parity
Lazar, S. G., Bendat, M., Gabbard, G. O., Levy, K. N., McWilliams, N., Plakun, E. M., Shedler, J., & Yeomans, F. E. (2018) · Journal of Psychiatric Practice · doi:10.1097/pra.0000000000000309 · Cited by 13
Self-reported symptoms of schizotypal and borderline personality disorder in patients with mood disorders
Baryshnikov, I., Suvisaari, J., Aaltonen, K. I., Koivisto, M., Näätänen, P., Karpov, B., Melartin, T. K., Oksanen, J., Suominen, K. H., Heikkinen, M., et al. (2016) · European Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.eurpsy.2015.12.006 · Cited by 13
Identifying factors associated with the hospital readmission rate among patients with major depressive disorder
Parami, S., Tapak, L., Poorolajal, J., Moghimbeigi, A., & Ghaleiha, A. (2021) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-021-03559-7 · Cited by 17
The Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments (CANMAT) task force recommendations for the management of patients with mood disorders and comorbid personality disorders
Rosenbluth, M., MacQueen, G., McIntyre, R. S., Beaulieu, S., & Schaffer, A. (2012) · Annals of Clinical Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/104012371202400106 · Cited by 12
Impact of depersonalization on the course of depression: longitudinal observations from the gutenberg health study
Michal, M., Wiltink, J., Tibubos, A. N., Wild, P. S., Münzel, T. F., Lackner, K. J., Pfeiffer, N., König, J., Gieswinkel, A., Beutel, M. E., et al. (2024) · BMC Psychiatry · doi:10.1186/s12888-024-05658-7 · Cited by 12
Psychotherapy and Psychosocial Treatment: Recent Advances and Future Directions.
Plakun, E. (2015) · Psychiatric Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.psc.2015.05.012 · Cited by 11
Workplace Effectiveness and Psychotherapy for Mental, Substance Abuse, and Subsyndromal Conditions
Sledge, W. H., & Lazar, S. G. (2014) · Psychodynamic Psychiatry · doi:10.1521/pdps.2014.42.3.497 · Cited by 15
Adaptive and non-adaptive models of depression: A comparison using register data on antidepressant medication during divorce
Rosenström, T. H., Fawcett, T. W., Higginson, A. D., Metsä‐Simola, N., Hagen, E. H., Houston, A. I., & Martikainen, P. (2017) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0179495 · Cited by 13
Personality and help-seeking for psychological distress: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Szücs, A., Lam, R. H. X., Tang, W. S. W., Zhou, L., Lazarus, M., Maier, A. B., & Valderas, J. M. (2025) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1405167 · Cited by 18
Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder Is Common Among Occupational Health Care Clients With Depression
Raiskila, T., Sequeiros, S. B., Kiuttu, J., Kauhanen, M.-L., Läksy, K., Rissanen, P., Vainiemi, K., Tuulio‐Henriksson, A., Veijola, J., & Joukamaa, M. I. (2013) · Journal of Occupational and Environmental Medicine · doi:10.1097/jom.0b013e3182717e6d · Cited by 11
Características sociodemográficas y clínicas de pacientes diagnosticados con depresión en Centros Comunitarios de Salud Mental (COSAM) de Santiago, Chile
Carla Crempien, C., de la Parra, G., Marcela Grez, B., Valdés, C., María José López, M., & Krause, M. (2017) · Revista chilena de neuro-psiquiatría · doi:10.4067/s0717-92272017000100004 · Cited by 11

Authors: Skodol, A. E., Grilo, C. M., Keyes, K. M., Geier, T., Grant, B. F., & Hasin, D. S.
Affiliations: New York State Psychiatric Institute (US)
ORCID: Grilo, Carlos M.
Keyes, Katherine M.
Geier, Timothy
Hasin, Deborah S.
Venue: American Journal of Psychiatry
Publisher: American Psychiatric Association Publishing
Published: 2011-03
Volume: 168
Issue: 3
Pages: 257-264
ISSN: 0002-953X (ISSN-L)
1535-7228
DOI: 10.1176/appi.ajp.2010.10050695
PMC: PMC3202962
OpenAlex: W2158522650
Cited by: 225
References: 40
Citations by year: 2026: 7 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 20 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 18 · 2017: 18 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 14 · 2014: 23 · 2013: 17 · 2012: 12
FWCI: 21.41
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Locations: American Journal of Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health
National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (Z01AA000449, U01AA018111, K05AA014223)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Disorders and Psychopathology
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Traits and Psychology
Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Bipolar Disorder and Treatment
Keywords: major depressive disorder, personality disorders, borderline personality disorder, schizotypal personality disorder, disease persistence, recurrence, comorbidities, prognosis, DSM-IV personality disorders, avoidant personality disorder, histrionic personality disorder, paranoid personality disorder, schizoid personality disorder
MeSH terms: Adult, Depressive Disorder, Major, Major Depressive Disorder, Female, Health Surveys, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Personality Disorders, Prognosis, Recurrence, Risk Factors, Comorbidity

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Relationship of Personality Disorders to the Course of Major Depressive Disorder in a Nationally Representative Sample

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Self-check

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks