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A New Stress-Based Model of Political Extremism: Personal Exposure to Terrorism, Psychological Distress, and Exclusionist Political Attitudes
Open accessAbstract
Does exposure to terrorism lead to hostility toward minorities? Drawing on theories from clinical and social psychology, we propose a stress-based model of political extremism in which psychological distress-which is largely overlooked in political scholarship-and threat perceptions mediate the relationship between exposure to terrorism and attitudes toward minorities. To test the model, a representative sample of 469 Israeli Jewish respondents was interviewed on three occasions at six-month intervals. Structural Equation Modeling indicated that exposure to terrorism predicted psychological distress (t1), which predicted perceived threat from Palestinian citizens of Israel (t2), which, in turn, predicted exclusionist attitudes toward Palestinian citizens of Israel (t3). These findings provide solid evidence and a mechanism for the hypothesis that terrorism introduces nondemocratic attitudes threatening minority rights. It suggests that psychological distress plays an important role in political decision making and should be incorporated in models drawing upon political psychology.
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“At the individual level, civil wars expose participants and victims to long-term harm in terms of educational achievement, employment, and physical and psychological health (Blattman and Annan 2010; Canetti-Nisim et al. 2009).”
From Dynamics and Logics of Civil War (2017) · cites this paper as Canetti-Nisim et al. 2009
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“The decision about whether to label a cyberattack as cyberterrorism bears significant implications, with the application of a terrorism label activating far-reaching counter-terrorism powers, and amplifying public fear and anger (Canetti-Nisim et al. 2009; Zeitzoff 2014; Snider et al. 2021).”
From Public Opinion and Cyberterrorism (2023) · cites this paper as Canetti-Nisim et al. 2009
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Metadata
- Authors
- Canetti-Nisim, D., Halperin, E., Sharvit, K., & Hobfoll, S. E.
- Affiliations
- Department of Psychology University of Maryland, College Park
- Stanford University (US)
- University of Maryland, Baltimore (US)
- Rush University Medical Center (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Conflict Resolution
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2009-05-04
- Volume
- 53
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 363-389
- ISSN
- 0022-0027 (ISSN-L)
- 1552-8766
- PMC
- PMC3229259
- OpenAlex
- W2153590306
- Cited by
- 329
- References
- 90
- Citations by year
- 2026: 18 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 23 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 23 · 2021: 24 · 2020: 40 · 2019: 22 · 2018: 21 · 2017: 38 · 2016: 15 · 2015: 18 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 15 · 2012: 11
- FWCI
- 24.69
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of Conflict Resolution (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH073687)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Terrorism, Counterterrorism, and Political Violence
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Social and Intergroup Psychology
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Death Anxiety and Social Exclusion
- Keywords
- political extremism, psychological distress, terrorism exposure, threat perception, Arab citizens of Israel, Israeli Jews, minority rights, political decision-making
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