MAWRID: A Model of Arabic Word Reading in Development
Abstract
This article offers a model of Arabic word reading according to which three conspicuous features of the Arabic language and orthography shape the development of word reading in this language: (a) vowelization/vocalization, or the use of diacritical marks to represent short vowels and other features of articulation; (b) morphological structure, namely, the predominance and transparency of derivational morphological structure in the linguistic and orthographic representation of the Arabic word; and (c) diglossia, specifically, the lexical and lexico-phonological distance between the spoken and the standard forms of Arabic words. It is argued that the triangulation of these features governs the acquisition and deployment of reading mechanisms across development. Moreover, the difficulties that readers encounter in their journey from beginning to skilled reading may be better understood if evaluated within these language-specific features of Arabic language and orthography.
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Constraining current neuroanatomical models of reading: the view from Arabic
Seghier, M. L., & Boudelaa, S. (2024) · Brain Structure and Function · doi:10.1007/s00429-024-02827-y · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Habib, M., Arshad, N. A., & O'BRIEN, B. A. (2022) · Literacy studies · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-80072-7_13 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
The lexical status of verbs among typical and dyslexic native Arabic readers: a developmental model
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Texts for reading instruction and the most common words in modern standard Arabic: an investigation
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Rakhlin, N., Li, N., Aljughaiman, A. M., & Grigorenko, E. L. (2024) · Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research · doi:10.1044/2024_jslhr-23-00522 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
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Taha, H. Y., & Rezeq, F. A.-A. (2020) · Cognitive Processing · doi:10.1007/s10339-020-00998-0 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
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Self-citationKhatib-Abbas, S., & Lipka, O. (2025) · Annals of Dyslexia · doi:10.1007/s11881-025-00331-4 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Asadi, I. A., Kawar, K., & Tarabeh, G. (2025) · Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research · doi:10.1044/2025_jslhr-24-00673 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Word learning in Arabic-speaking primary school students
Balshe, R., & Masterson, J. (2026) · European Journal of Psychology of Education · doi:10.1007/s10212-025-01061-2 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
The Foundations of Arabic Word Reading: Evidence from a 2-Year Longitudinal Study
Tibi, S., Kim, Y. G., Salha, S. H., & Kirby, J. R. (2026) · Scientific Studies of Reading · doi:10.1080/10888438.2026.2640910 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Operationalization, validation, and universalization of the 2025 IDA definition of dyslexia
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Asli‐Badarneh, A. (2026) · Dyslexia · doi:10.1002/dys.70044 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Alsiddiqi, Z. A., Stojanovik, V., & Pagnamenta, E. (2024) · Journal of Speech Language and Hearing Research · doi:10.1044/2024_jslhr-23-00643 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
The impact of Mandarin–Cantonese diglossia on Chinese children’s literacy skills
Huang, X., Zhang, C., Zheng, Z., Yuan, J., Li, X., Ren, Y., & Ye, Y. (2024) · Reading and Writing · doi:10.1007/s11145-024-10608-6 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
- Authors
- Saiegh-Haddad, E.
- Affiliations
- Bar-Ilan University Israel, Ramat Gan
- Venue
- Journal of Learning Disabilities
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2017-07-17
- Volume
- 51
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 454-462
- ISSN
- 0022-2194 (ISSN-L)
- 1538-4780
- OpenAlex
- W2736647809
- Cited by
- 124
- References
- 51
- Citations by year
- 2026: 16 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 19 · 2023: 17 · 2022: 26 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 11 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 3
- FWCI
- 13.25
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Learning Disabilities (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Reading and Literacy Development
- Social Sciences › Education › Arabic Language Education Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Language Development and Disorders
- Keywords
- reading acquisition, vowelization, diacritics, derivational morphology, diglossia, orthography, reading development, phonological distance
- MeSH terms
- Child, Child Development, Humans, Models, Psychological, Psycholinguistics, Reading, Arabs
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