The DOI matches its Crossref record; 147 of the 150 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Cyberbullying among youth: A comprehensive review of current international research and its implications and application to policy and practice
Abstract
Cyberbullying research is rapidly expanding with many studies being published from around the world in the past five or six years. In this article we review the current international literature published in English, with particular attention to the following themes: The relationship of cyberbullying to the more traditional face-to-face bullying, including differences and similarities; the impacts of cyberbullying on victims, bullies, schools, families, and communities; coping strategies for victims, schools, and parents; and solutions, both effective and ineffective. A focus of this article is evidence-based prevention and intervention strategies, which may be employed by educators, psychological service providers, and by parents to counter the problem of cyberbullying. Here we address the importance of school and home culture, modelling, curriculum development in information and communication technology (ICT) and social media, peer and bystander education, and other non-punitive approaches. We conclude with a discussion of implications on policy and practice and future research directions.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“In addition, increased school difficulties have also been reported such as school aggression, truancy, lower academic achievement and not feeling safe in school (Cassidy et al., 2013;Mishna et al., 2012).”
From A review of cyberbullying and suggestions for online psychological therapy (2015) · cites this paper as Cassidy et al., 2013
In the citing paper
“Furthermore, as reflected in previous research, findings from this synthesis indicate that young people are reluctant to seek support, particularly from adults who they perceive as ignorant to the cyber world.(Cassidy et al., 2013;Fenaughty & Harré, 2013;Slonje & Smith, 2008;Vaillancourt et al., 2017).”
From Young people’s conceptualizations of the nature of cyberbullying: A systematic review and synthesis of qualitative research (2020) · cites this paper as Cassidy et al., 2013
In the citing paper
“This notion has been proposed in previous studies, however, there is no consensus on the factors that contribute to power relations in cyberbullying (Cassidy et al., 2013;Dooley et al., 2009;Dredge, Gleeson, & Garcia, 2014;Hemphill et al., 2012;Kowalski et al., 2014;Langos, 2012;Menesini et al., 2012;Thomas et al., 2015;Vaillancourt, Faris, & Mishna, 2017).”
From Young people’s conceptualizations of the nature of cyberbullying: A systematic review and synthesis of qualitative research (2020) · cites this paper as Cassidy et al., 2013
In the citing paper
“However, they support the interpretation that the nature of repetition is altered in cyber space where it can occur in the form of direct multiple attacks by the perpetrator and/or through the perpetrators execution of an act in the public domain where one-time actions can have repetitive effects (Cassidy et al., 2013;Cuadrado-Gordillo & Fernández-Antelo, 2016;Langos, 2012;Peter & Petermann, 2018”
From Young people’s conceptualizations of the nature of cyberbullying: A systematic review and synthesis of qualitative research (2020) · cites this paper as Cassidy et al., 2013
In the citing paper
“Echoing a previous review, findings from this synthesis indicate that deciphering intent and impact in the cyber world is complicated by the absence of verbal and visual cues, leading to difficulties in interpretation (Cassidy et al., 2013).”
From Young people’s conceptualizations of the nature of cyberbullying: A systematic review and synthesis of qualitative research (2020) · cites this paper as Cassidy et al., 2013
Citations
Cites
Digital Natives, Digital Immigrants Part 1
Prensky, M. (2001) · On the Horizon · doi:10.1108/10748120110424816 · Cited by 11,104
Digital Natives, Digital Immigrants
(2012) · Corwin Press eBooks · doi:10.4135/9781483387765.n6 · Cited by 7,116
Bullying at school: what we know and what we can do
(1994) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.32-1080 · Cited by 4,755
Cyberbullying: Its nature and impact in secondary school pupils
Smith, P. K., Mahdavi, J., Carvalho, M., Fisher, S., Russell, S., & Tippett, N. (2008) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.2007.01846.x · Cited by 3,639
The Challenge to Care in Schools: An Alternative Approach to Education
Noddings, N. (1992) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 2,871
Tokunaga, R. S. (2010) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2009.11.014 · Cited by 2,566
Born digital: understanding the first generation of digital natives
(2009) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.46-7115 · Cited by 1,994
Cyberbullying: Another main type of bullying?
SLONJE, R., & SMITH, P. K. (2008) · Scandinavian Journal of Psychology · doi:10.1111/j.1467-9450.2007.00611.x · Cited by 1,844
Nebraska Symposium on Motivation, 1972
Scott, J. P., Cole, J. K., & Jensen, D. D. (1974) · The American Journal of Psychology · doi:10.2307/1421396 · Cited by 1,421
Online aggressor/targets, aggressors, and targets: a comparison of associated youth characteristics
Ybarra, M. L., & Mitchell, K. J. (2004) · Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7610.2004.00328.x · Cited by 1,313
Research works printed but not linked: 39
- Bauman, S. (2012a, June). Research on cyberbullying: A lifespan perspective . Paper presented at the International Conference on Cyberbullying: COST ISO801, Paris, France.
- Bulut S., 2012, Handbook of school violence and school safety: International research and practice (2nd ed.), 165
- Collier A., 2012, Cyberbullying prevention and response: Expert perspectives, 1
- Costabile A., 2012, The impact of technology on relationships in educational settings
- Cross, D., Campbell, M. & Spears, B. (2012a, June). Cyberbullying research in Australia . Paper presented at the International Conference on Cyberbullying: COST ISO801, Paris, France.
- Davis S., 2012, Cyberbullying prevention and response: Expert perspectives, 93
- de Santo E., 2012, The impact of technology on relationships in educational settings, 30
- Del Rey R., 2012, The impact of technology on relationships in educational settings, 66
- Demaray M. K., 2012, Handbook of school violence and school safety: International research and practice, 57
- DiBasilio, A. (2008). Reducing bullying in middle school students through the use of student leaders (Master’s thesis). Abstract retrieved from ERIC database (Record number ED501251).
- Donlin M., 2012, Cyberbullying prevention and response: Expert perspectives, 110
- Dooley J. J., 2009, Journal of Psychology, 217, 182
- Gradinger P., 2009, Journal of Psychology, 217, 205
- Hatzchristou C., 2012, Handbook of school violence and school safety: International research and practice, 141
- Jackson M., 2009, Long Island Education Review, 8, 24
- Jaffé, P., Moody, Z., Piguet, C., Bumann, C., Bochatay, S., Dorzaz, R. & Geiser, S. (2012, June). New communication technologies and peer bullying: A perspective from Children’s rights . Paper presented at the International Conference on Cyberbullying: COST ISO801, Paris, France.
- Menesini E., 2012, The impact of technology on relationships in educational settings, 139
- Mora-Merchán J. A., 2010, Cyberbullying: A cross-national comparison
- Olweus D., 1999, The nature of school bullying: A cross-national perspective, 7
- Ortega R., 2009, Journal of Psychology, 217, 197
- Patchin, J. W. (2012, June). Bullying beyond the schoolyard . Paper presented at the International Conference on Cyberbullying: COST ISO801, Paris, France.
- 10.4324/9780203818312 · DOI
- Popper V., 2012, The impact of technology on relationships in educational settings, 77
- Pörhölä M., 2012, The impact of technology on relationships in educational settings, 55
- Poskiparta E., 2012, The impact of technology on relationships in educational settings, 158
- Py ż alski J., 2012, The impact of technology on relationships in educational settings, 91
- Sabella R., 2012, Cyberbullying prevention and response: Expert perspectives, 72
- Schultze-Krumbholz A., 2009, Journal of Psychology, 217, 224
- Ševčíková A., 2009, Journal of Psychology, 217, 227
- Shariff, S. & Gouin, R. (2005). Cyber-dilemmas: Gendered hierarchies, free expression and cyber-safety in schools . Paper presented at Oxford Internet Institute, Oxford University, UK, International Conference Safety and Security in a Networked World. Retrieved from www.oii.ox.ac.uk/cybersafety.
- Smith P. K., 2012, Handbook of school violence and school safety: International research and practice, 93
- Smith P. K., 2010, Handbook of bullying in schools: An international perspective, 249
- Soto C. M., 2012, Handbook of school violence and school safety: International research and practice, 153
- Spears B. A., 2012, The impact of technology on relationships in educational settings, 188
- Spears B. A., 2012, The impact of technology on relationships in educational settings, 7
- Von Kaenel-Flatt J., 2012, The impact of technology on relationships in educational settings, 151
- Willard N., 2006, Cyber bullying and cyberthreats: Responding to the challenge of online social cruelty, threats, and distress
- Willard N., 2012, Cyberbullying prevention and response: Expert perspectives, 36
- Wotherspoon A. J., 2012, The impact of technology on relationships in educational settings, 102
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 301–354 of 354
Saharrudin, N. F., & Ghazali, A. H. A. (2020) · International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences · doi:10.6007/ijarbss/v10-i15/8233
Distance Learning and Social Issues
Caridade, S., & Dinis, M. A. P. (2020) · Advances in mobile and distance learning book series · doi:10.4018/978-1-7998-4769-4.ch019
Maria, V. A. (2021) · Revista Desenvolvimento Social · doi:10.46551/issn2179-6807v27n1p30-47
Cyber-Bullying Prevention Effort with Multicultural Education Approaches in School
Marini, S., Indartono, S., & Hanum, F. (2019) · International Journal of Management and Humanities · doi:10.35940/ijmh.l0344.0831219
Peras, I., & Pivec, T. (2021) · Pedagoški inštitut eBooks · doi:10.32320/978-961-270-339-4.113-138
ПСХОЛОГІЧНА ОСНОВА КІБЕРБУЛІНГУ СЕРЕД ЗДОБУВАЧІВ ВИЩОЇ ОСВІТИ: МІЖНАРОДНИЙ АСПЕКТ ПРОБЛЕМИ
Москальова, Л., & Чорна, В. (2022) · Наукові перспективи (Naukovì perspektivi) · doi:10.52058/2708-7530-2022-1(19)-433-444
Cyberbullying and Internet Safety
Kelly, D. M., & Arnold, C. (2018) · IGI Global eBooks · doi:10.4018/978-1-5225-7036-3.ch001
Educational Approaches for Tackling Cyberbullying
Marzano, G. (2022) · IGI Global eBooks · doi:10.4018/978-1-6684-5594-4.ch044
Distance Learning and Social Issues
Caridade, S., & Dinis, M. A. P. (2022) · IGI Global eBooks · doi:10.4018/978-1-6684-5594-4.ch024
Shaw, J. (2015) · Carleton University's Institutional Repository (MacOdrum Library, Carleton University) · doi:10.22215/etd/2015-11067
(2020) · Programme for international student assessment/Internationale Schulleistungsstudie · doi:10.1787/f6321d38-en
de Pedagogía, B. R. (2014) · Bordón. Revista de pedagogía · doi:10.13042/bordon.2014.66300
Defining and Conceptualizing Cyberbullying
Spenser, K. A., & Betts, L. R. (2018) · Advances in computer and electrical engineering book series · doi:10.4018/978-1-5225-7368-5.ch036
Astor, R. A., & Benbenishty, R. (2018) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190663049.003.0001
Astor, R. A., & Benbenishty, R. (2018) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190663049.003.0009
Astor, R. A., & Benbenishty, R. (2018) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190663049.003.0006
A Holistic Survey on Cyberbullying
Wang, Y. (2022) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-68127-2_221-1
REDUCING CYBER INCIDENTS THROUGH GOOD ONLINE BEHAVIORAL NORMS: LESSONS FROM SOUTH AFRICA
Sonhera, N., & Mhlanga, D. (2022) · Eurasian Journal of Social Sciences · doi:10.15604/ejss.2022.10.01.004
Cyberbullies and Cyberpunks, Oh My
Shin, S., Shadwick, J. T., Sobba, K. N., & Radu, M. B. (2022) · Advances in social networking and online communities book series · doi:10.4018/978-1-6684-5426-8.ch009
Nayak, M. P., Rakesh, C. H., Chandana, A. S., Chandana, P. T., & Darshan, S. (2023) · International Journal of Advanced Research in Science Communication and Technology · doi:10.48175/ijarsct-8002
ADAPTING AND TRANSFORMING ELT DURING AND POST COVID-19 ERA: PEOPLE, PLACES, AND PURPOSES
O’Boyle, A., & Samanhudi, U. (2023) · TEFLIN Journal - A publication on the teaching and learning of English · doi:10.15639/teflinjournal.v34i1/194-208
Addressing bullying at a boy’s high school in Durban
Naidoo, M. R. (2023) · DUT Open Scholar (Durban University of Technology) · doi:10.51415/10321/5046
From Technology and Virtuality to “Our Digital Lives”
Chamakiotis, P., McKenna, B., Bednar, K., & Chughtai, H. (2024) · IFIP advances in information and communication technology · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-50758-8_5
Social media use by secondary school students: Benefits and challenges
Maher, D. (2024) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-90237-3.00001-1
Nasution, R. A., Meinarisa, M., & Falani, I. (2024) · Journal of Educational Health and Community Psychology · doi:10.12928/jehcp.v13i1.27366
Astor, R. A., & Benbenishty, R. (2018) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190663049.002.0007
Astor, R. A., & Benbenishty, R. (2018) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190663049.005.0001
Additional Technical Information on Statistical Analyses
Astor, R. A., & Benbenishty, R. (2018) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190663049.005.0002
Astor, R. A., & Benbenishty, R. (2018) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190663049.002.0010
Astor, R. A., & Benbenishty, R. (2018) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190663049.002.0004
Astor, R. A., & Benbenishty, R. (2018) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190663049.002.0006
Espelage, D. L. (2018) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190663049.002.0008
Astor, R. A., & Benbenishty, R. (2018) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190663049.002.0003
The role of moral disengagement and lack of empathy in cyberbullying: How school nurses can respond
Holdsworth, A. (2024) · Journal of family & child health. · doi:10.12968/jfch.2024.1.1.38
The Hidden Shadows of social media: Cyberbullying and Its Impact on Adolescent Mental Health
Zhu, Z. (2025) · Highlights in Business Economics and Management · doi:10.54097/pn8xam95
Zăvoianu, E. A., Piele, M. D., Ionașcu, D. D., Panisoara, O. I., & Lazăr, I. (2025) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.5344407
Noel, T. K., & Doxbeck, C. R. (2022) · Emerald Group Publishing Limited eBooks · doi:10.1108/978-1-64802-723-920251009
WHAT SOCIAL WORKERS NEED TO KNOW ABOUT CYBERBULLYING
Franco, L. J., & Miranda, B. M. (2015) · CSUSB ScholarWorks (California State University, San Bernardino)
Sarah, S. M. (2025) · i-manager s Journal on Digital Forensics & Cyber Security · doi:10.26634/jdf.3.2.22275
Development and validation of an awareness pamphlet on cyberbullying among college students
Das, B., & Ahmed, N. (2026) · Odisha Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.4103/ojp.ojp_29_25
Søndergaard, D. M. (2026) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-70581-6_56-1
Analisis Dampak Cyber Bullying terhadap Psikologi Siswa Sekolah Dasar
Primayana, K. H., Seniasih, N. M. W., Putri, P. S. M., Sukediargi, N. K. S., Marlina, N. K. Y., & Putri, N. K. D. C. M. (2026) · Jurnal Pendidikan Guru Sekolah Dasar · doi:10.47134/pgsd.v3i3.2677
Bayram, F. (2026) · Pamukkale University Journal of Education · doi:10.9779/pauefd.1742725
Кулдашева, Н. У., Mukanova, N. E., Yrymbayeva, N., Seitova, Z., & MYRZAPEISSOVA, M. (2026) · Frontiers in Education · doi:10.3389/feduc.2026.1741895
Hera, I. I. H. D. L., Bezanilla, M. J., & Galindo‐Domínguez, H. (2026) · IKASTORRATZA e-journal on Didactics · doi:10.37261/37_alea/5
Predictors of cyberviolence behavior: a mixed-methods bibliometric and systematic reviewPreprint
Al-Fori, S., Al‐Suqri, M. N., Al-Hosni, N., & Shehata, A. M. K. (2026) · Research Square · doi:10.21203/rs.3.rs-10792834/v1
Zăvoianu, E. A., Piele, M. D., Ionașcu, D. D., Pânişoară, I. O., & Lazăr, I. (2026) · Computers in Human Behavior Reports · doi:10.1016/j.chbr.2026.101415
Metadata
- Authors
- Cassidy, W., Faucher, C., & Jackson, M.
- Affiliations
- Simon Fraser University (CA)
- Venue
- School Psychology International
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2013-05-08
- Volume
- 34
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 575-612
- ISSN
- 0143-0343 (ISSN-L)
- 1461-7374
- OpenAlex
- W2154568735
- Cited by
- 354
- References
- 150
- Citations by year
- 2026: 11 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 35 · 2022: 28 · 2021: 30 · 2020: 23 · 2019: 40 · 2018: 43 · 2017: 32 · 2016: 29 · 2015: 33 · 2014: 19 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 41.03
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- School Psychology International (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Bullying, Victimization, and Aggression
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Artificial Intelligence › Hate Speech and Cyberbullying Detection
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Impact of Technology on Adolescents
- Keywords
- cyberbullying, youth, face-to-face bullying, bullying victims, bullying perpetrators, coping strategies, prevention, intervention strategies, school culture, home culture, social media, ICT curriculum, peer education, parental involvement, policy and practice
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review