Cited by 192Death Anxiety and Social ExclusionBullying, Victimization, and AggressionSocial and Intergroup Psychology

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Need Threat Can Motivate Performance After Ostracism

Jamieson, Jeremy P., Harkins, Stephen G., Williams, Kipling D.·2010·Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin

DOI 10.1177/0146167209358882

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Abstract

Ostracism threatens fundamental needs of belonging, self-esteem, control, and meaningful existence, which should motivate participants to respond to this threat. However, research has yet to examine the role of need threat in producing motivation after ostracism. In the current work, participants completed a "cognitive ability" (antisaccade) task following Cyberball-induced ostracism or inclusion. In two experiments, it was found that when ostracized, participants do not see antisaccade performance as a means of responding to the concerns produced by need threat; they respond only to the social threat, leading to worse performance than included participants (Experiments 1 and 2). However, when participants see an avenue of response (the Cyberball players can compare antisaccade performances), ostracized participants outperform included participants (Experiment 2). Moreover, this effect was mediated by the need for belonging, suggesting that ostracized participants were motivated to elevate their inclusionary status by demonstrating their worth on the cognitive ability task.

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Authors: Jamieson, J. P., Harkins, S. G., & Williams, K. D.
Affiliations: Harvard University (US)
Northeastern University (US)
Purdue University West Lafayette (US)
Corresponding author: Jamieson, Jeremy P.
ORCID: Jamieson, Jeremy P.
Williams, Kipling D.
Venue: Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Published: 2010-04-13
Volume: 36
Issue: 5
Pages: 690-702
ISSN: 0146-1672 (ISSN-L)
1552-7433
DOI: 10.1177/0146167209358882
OpenAlex: W2023628161
Cited by: 192
References: 34
Citations by year: 2026: 6 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 14 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 15 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 14 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 5
FWCI: 8.27
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: journals.sagepub.com/page/policies/text-and-data-mining-license (tdm)
Locations: Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Science Foundation
National Institutes of Health
National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders (R01 DC05237, R01DC005237)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Death Anxiety and Social Exclusion
Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Bullying, Victimization, and Aggression
Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Social and Intergroup Psychology
Keywords: ostracism, need threat, motivation, need to belong, self-esteem, Cyberball, antisaccade task, cognitive ability, social inclusion, self-worth, meaningful life
MeSH terms: Arousal, Cognition, Female, Games, Experimental, Humans, Male, Motivation, Psychomotor Performance, Self Concept, Social Behavior, Social Isolation

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Need Threat Can Motivate Performance After Ostracism

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