Differential neural processing of social exclusion in adolescents with non-suicidal self-injury: An fMRI study
Open accessAbstract
Non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) is highly prevalent in adolescence and has been suggested as an autonomous diagnosis in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-5). Social rejection is as potential risk-factor for NSSI and depression in adolescence. Objectives of this study were to identify differences in neural processing of social rejection in depressed adolescents with and without co-morbid NSSI and healthy controls. Participants were 28 depressed adolescents (14 with co-morbid NSSI, 79% females) and 15 healthy controls, with an average age of 15.2 years (SD=1.8). Social exclusion was implemented using the Cyberball paradigm 'Cyberball' during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). All participants reported feelings of social exclusion after fMRI scanning. Investigating the effects of NSSI, we found that depressed adolescents with NSSI showed relatively enhanced activation of the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (vlPFC) compared to depressed adolescents without NSSI and also compared to healthy controls. Results point towards divergent processing of social exclusion in depressed adolescents with NSSI as compared to adolescents with mere depression in brain regions previously related to the processing of social exclusion. This finding of distinct neurophysiological responses may stimulate further research on individual treatment approaches.
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Relative to depressed adolescents, depressed self-injurers show increased activation in medial PFC, ventrolateral PFC, and parahippocampus during exclusion versus inclusion trials, suggesting self-injurers may view social exclusion more negatively.
“Relative to depressed adolescents, depressed self-injurers show increased activation in the medial PFC, ventrolateral PFC, and parahippocampus during exclusion versus inclusion trials; suggesting that self-injurers may view social exclusion more negatively (88) (c.f., (89)).”
From Neural correlates associated with suicide and nonsuicidal self-injury in youth (2021) · cites this paper as [88]
The anterior insula, part of the salience network, has been implicated in atypical responses to social exclusion in depression and anxiety, but the direction of effects has been mixed.
“The anterior insula, part of the salience network, has also been implicated in atypical responses to social exclusion in depression(123,126) and anxiety,(127) but the direction of effects has been mixed.”
From Puberty Initiates Cascading Relationships Between Neurodevelopmental, Social, and Internalizing Processes Across Adolescence (2021) · cites this paper as [126]
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- Authors
- Groschwitz, R. C., Plener, P. L., Groen, G., Bonenberger, M., & Abler, B.
- Affiliations
- Universität Ulm (DE)
- Corresponding author
- Groschwitz, Rebecca C.
- Venue
- Psychiatry Research Neuroimaging
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2016-09
- Volume
- 255
- Pages
- 43-49
- ISSN
- 0925-4927 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2478442426
- Cited by
- 137
- References
- 59
- Citations by year
- 2026: 14 · 2025: 11 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 22 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 16 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 25 · 2017: 7 · 2015: 1
- FWCI
- 19.22
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Psychiatry Research Neuroimaging (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Suicide and Self-Harm Studies
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Death Anxiety and Social Exclusion
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Keywords
- non-suicidal self-injury, social exclusion, social rejection, adolescent depression, medial prefrontal cortex, ventrolateral prefrontal cortex, Cyberball paradigm, comorbidities
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Brain, Depression, Emotions, Female, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Psychological Distance, Self-Injurious Behavior, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Suicidal Ideation
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