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From Thought to Action: Effects of Process-Versus Outcome-Based Mental Simulations on Performance

Pham, Lien B., Taylor, Shelley E.·1999·Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin

Abstract

Mental simulations enhance the links between thought and action. The present research contrasted mental simulations that emphasize the process required to achieve a goal versus the outcome of goal achievement. For 5 to 7 days prior to a midterm examination, college freshmen mentally simulated either the process for doing well on the exam (good study habits) or simulated a desired outcome (getting a good grade) or both. A self-monitoring control condition was included. Results indicated that process simulation enhanced studying and improved grades; the latter effect was mediated by enhanced planning and reduced anxiety. Implications of process and outcome simulations for effective goal pursuit are discussed.

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Cites

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Metadata

Authors
Pham, L. B., & Taylor, S. E.
Venue
Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin
Published
1999-02
Volume
25
Issue
2
Pages
250-260
ISSN
  • 0146-1672 (ISSN-L)
  • 1552-7433
OpenAlex
W2143642201
Cited by
647
References
3
FWCI
42.16
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
journals.sagepub.com/page/policies/text-and-data-mining-license (tdm)

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