The Impact of Extent of Telecommuting on Job Satisfaction: Resolving Inconsistent Findings
Abstract
Although popular management wisdom has suggested that telecommuting enhances job satisfaction, research has found both positive and negative relationships. In this study, the authors attempt to resolve these inconsistent findings by hypothesizing a curvilinear, inverted U-shaped relationship between the extent of telecommuting and job satisfaction. Using hierarchical regression analysis on a sample of 321 professional-level employees, their findings suggest a curvilinear link between extent of telecommuting and job satisfaction, with satisfaction appearing to plateau at more extensive levels of telecommuting. In addition, task interdependence and job discretion moderated this link, suggesting that some job attributes play an important, contingent role.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Some research suggests two remote workdays a week provides the optimum balance.
“Some research suggests that two remote workdays a week provides the optimum balance148.”
From Understanding and shaping the future of work with self-determination theory (2022) · cites this paper as [148]
Cites
Podsakoff, P. M., MacKenzie, S. B., Lee, J.-Y., & Podsakoff, N. P. (2003) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-9010.88.5.879 · Cited by 82,194 · see citing works
Self-Reports in Organizational Research: Problems and Prospects
Podsakoff, P. M., & Organ, D. W. (1986) · Journal of Management · doi:10.1177/014920638601200408 · Cited by 17,102 · see citing works
Organizational Information Requirements, Media Richness and Structural Design
Daft, R. L., & Lengel, R. H. (1986) · Management Science · doi:10.1287/mnsc.32.5.554 · Cited by 9,868 · see citing works
A multimethod examination of the benefits and detriments of intragroup conflict
Jehn, K. A. (1995) · Administrative Science Quarterly · doi:10.2307/2393638 · Cited by 4,050 · see citing works
Information richness. A new approach to managerial behavior and organization design
Daft, R. L., & Lengel, R. H. (1983) · doi:10.21236/ada128980 · Cited by 2,263 · cited 1× · see citing works
“The limited interactivity of the electronic media ( Daft & Lengel, 1984, 1986 ) coupled with increased social isolation (Ruppel & Harrington, 1995) may take a toll on the benefits of telecommuting.”
BackgroundBaltes, B. B., Briggs, T. E., Huff, J. W., Wright, J. A., & Neuman, G. A. (1999) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-9010.84.4.496 · Cited by 837 · cited 5× · see citing works
“Job satisfaction was assessed using the three-item scale of Overall Job Satisfaction contained in the Michigan Organizational Assessment Questionnaire (Cammann, Fichman, Jenkins, & Klesh, 1979).”
BackgroundMethodInfluential
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Gajendran, R. S., & Harrison, D. A. (2007) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/0021-9010.92.6.1524 · Cited by 2,616 · see citing works
How Effective Is Telecommuting? Assessing the Status of Our Scientific Findings
Allen, T. D., Golden, T. D., & Shockley, K. M. (2015) · Psychological Science in the Public Interest · doi:10.1177/1529100615593273 · Cited by 1,788 · see citing works
Self-citationAchieving Effective Remote Working During the COVID‐19 Pandemic: A Work Design Perspective
Wang, B., Liu, Y., Qian, J., & Parker, S. K. (2021) · Applied Psychology · doi:10.1111/apps.12290 · Cited by 1,722 · see citing works
“The key implication from these studies is that managers should provide remote working for appropriate jobs and workers (Golden & Veiga, 2005).”
BackgroundGolden, T. D., Veiga, J. F., & Dino, R. N. (2008) · Journal of Applied Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0012722 · Cited by 841 · see citing works
Self-citationDead Or Alive? The Development, Trajectory And Future Of Technology Adoption Research.
University of Arkansas, Venkatesh, V., Davis, F., University of Arkansas, Morris, M., & University of Virginia (2007) · Journal of the Association for Information Systems · doi:10.17705/1jais.00120 · Cited by 789 · see citing works
Systematically reviewing remote e-workers’ well-being at work: a multidimensional approach
Charalampous, M., Grant, C. A., Tramontano, C., & Michailidis, E. (2019) · European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology · doi:10.1080/1359432x.2018.1541886 · Cited by 743 · see citing works
The role of organisational support in teleworker wellbeing: A socio-technical systems approach
Bentley, T. A., Teo, S. T. T., McLeod, L., Tan, F., Bosua, R., & Gloet, M. (2016) · Applied Ergonomics · doi:10.1016/j.apergo.2015.07.019 · Cited by 570 · see citing works
Understanding and shaping the future of work with self-determination theory
Gagné, M., Parker, S. K., Griffin, M. A., Dunlop, P. D., Knight, C., Klonek, F. E., & Parent-Rocheleau, X. (2022) · Nature Reviews Psychology · doi:10.1038/s44159-022-00056-w · Cited by 434 · see citing works
Morganson, V. J., Major, D. A., Oborn, K. L., Verive, J. M., & Heelan, M. P. (2010) · Journal of Managerial Psychology · doi:10.1108/02683941011056941 · Cited by 333 · see citing works
Bartel, C. A., Wrzesniewski, A., & Wiesenfeld, B. M. (2012) · Organization Science · doi:10.1287/orsc.1110.0661 · Cited by 331 · see citing works
Gajendran, R. S., Harrison, D. A., & Delaney‐Klinger, K. (2015) · Personnel Psychology · doi:10.1111/peps.12082 · Cited by 310 · see citing works
Stress in remote work: two studies testing the Demand-Control-Person model
Perry, S. J., Rubino, C., & Hunter, E. M. (2018) · European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology · doi:10.1080/1359432x.2018.1487402 · Cited by 169 · see citing works
Wöhrmann, A. M., & Ebner, C. (2021) · New Technology Work and Employment · doi:10.1111/ntwe.12208 · Cited by 158 · see citing works
Niebuhr, F., Borle, P., Börner-Zobel, F., & Voelter-Mahlknecht, S. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph19031122 · Cited by 155 · see citing works
Oldham, G. R., & Da Silva, N. (2015) · Computers in Human Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.chb.2013.10.041 · Cited by 144 · see citing works
The relationship between teleworking, traffic and air pollution.
Giovanis, E. (2018) · Atmospheric Pollution Research · doi:10.1016/j.apr.2017.06.004 · Cited by 143 · see citing works
Kaplan, S., Engelsted, L., Lei, X., & Lockwood, K. (2018) · Journal of Business and Psychology · doi:10.1007/s10869-017-9498-5 · Cited by 105 · see citing works
Appraisal of Email Use as A Source of Workplace Stress: A Person-Environment Fit Approach
ICN Business School, C., Stich, J.-F., Tarafdar, M., Lancaster University, Stacey, P., Loughborough University, Cooper, S. C., & Alliance Manchester Business School (2019) · Journal of the Association for Information Systems · doi:10.17705/1jais.00531 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Günther, N., Hauff, S., & Gubernator, P. (2022) · German Journal of Human Resource Management: Zeitschrift für Personalforschung · doi:10.1177/23970022221083694 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Eustress and Distress in the Context of Telework
Van Slyke, C., Lee, J., Duong, B. Q., & Ellis, T. S. (2022) · Information Resources Management Journal · doi:10.4018/irmj.291526 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
- Authors
- Golden, T. D., & Veiga, J. F.
- Affiliations
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (US)
- University of Connecticut (US)
- Corresponding author
- Golden, Timothy D.
- ORCID
- Golden, Timothy D.
- Venue
- Journal of Management
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2005-04
- Volume
- 31
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 301-318
- ISSN
- 0149-2063 (ISSN-L)
- 1557-1211
- OpenAlex
- W2080949260
- Cited by
- 515
- References
- 6
- Citations by year
- 2026: 45 · 2025: 51 · 2024: 60 · 2023: 84 · 2022: 53 · 2021: 53 · 2020: 22 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 12 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 14 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 17.18
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Management (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Work-Family Balance Challenges
- Social Sciences › Business, Management and Accounting › Organizational Behavior and Human Resource Management › Job Satisfaction and Organizational Behavior
- Social Sciences › Human Factors and Ergonomics › Employee Performance and Management
- Keywords
- remote work, job satisfaction, curvilinear relationship, inverted U-shaped relationship, task interdependence, job discretion, moderating effect, working professionals
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review