To Say or Not to Say: Different Strategies of Acknowledging a Visible Disability
Abstract
Individuals with visible disabilities can acknowledge their disabilities in different ways, which may differ in effectiveness. Across four studies, we investigate whether individuals with visible disabilities engage in different acknowledgment strategies (claiming, downplaying) and how and why these different strategies affect evaluations from others. Specifically, we draw from the Stereotype Content Model and Stereotype-Fit Theory to articulate a process whereby claiming and downplaying differentially affect others’ perceptions of competence and warmth, which subsequently affect overall evaluations of the individual with a disability. We found that individuals with visible disabilities intentionally manage others’ impressions by engaging in claiming and downplaying. Claiming strategies (relative to downplaying or not acknowledging) resulted in higher evaluations because they activated perceptions of competence and warmth and the benefits of claiming were stronger for jobs higher in interpersonal demands. We discuss the implications of these results for individuals with disabilities and for organizations.
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There are differential outcomes for acknowledging or disclosing disabilities depending on the strategy employed or the type of disability discussed.
“there are differential outcomes for acknowledging or disclosing disabilities depending on the strategy employed or the type of disability discussed”
From The Participation of People with Disabilities in the Workplace Across the Employment Cycle: Employer Concerns and Research Evidence (2020) · cites this paper as Lyons et al., 2016
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- Authors
- Lyons, B. J., Martinez, L. R., Ruggs, E. N., Hebl, M. R., Ryan, A. M., O’Brien, K. R., & Roebuck, A.
- Affiliations
- Simon Fraser University (CA)
- Pennsylvania State University (US)
- University of North Carolina at Charlotte (US)
- Rice University (US)
- Michigan State University (US)
- CUNA Mutual Group (United States) (US)
- Roosevelt University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Lyons, Brent J.
- Venue
- Journal of Management
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2016-03-18
- Volume
- 44
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 1980-2007
- ISSN
- 0149-2063 (ISSN-L)
- 1557-1211
- OpenAlex
- W2307650400
- Cited by
- 87
- References
- 44
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 11 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 2
- FWCI
- 14.65
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Management (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Safety Research › Disability Education and Employment
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Social and Intergroup Psychology
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Inclusion and Disability in Education and Sport
- Keywords
- visible disability, disability disclosure, stereotype content model, impression management, perceived competence, perceived warmth, social evaluation, interpersonal demands
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