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Cited by 333Traumatic Brain Injury ResearchSports injuries and preventionSport Psychology and Performance

The Role of Concussion History and Gender in Recovery from Soccer-Related Concussion

Chiang Colvin, Alexis, Mullen, Jimmy, Lovell, Mark R., Vereeke West, Robin, Collins, Micky W., Groh, Megan·2009·The American Journal of Sports Medicine
DOI 10.1177/0363546509332497
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Abstract

Background: This study was designed to investigate differences in recovery in male and female soccer athletes. Hypotheses: Soccer players with a history of concussion will perform worse on neurocognitive testing than players without a history of concussion. Furthermore, female athletes will demonstrate poorer performance on neurocognitive testing than male athletes. Study Design: Cohort study (prognosis): Level of evidence, 2. Methods: Computer-based neuropsychological testing using reaction time, memory, and visual motor-speed composite scores of the ImPACT test battery was performed postconcussion in soccer players ranging in age from 8 to 24 years (N = 234; 141 females, 93 males). A multivariate analysis of variance was conducted to examine group differences in neurocognitive performance between male and female athletes with and without a history of concussion. Results: Soccer players with a history of at least 1 previous concussion performed significantly worse on ImPACT than those who had not sustained a prior concussion (F = 2.92, P = .03). In addition, female soccer players performed worse on neurocognitive testing (F = 2.72, P = .05) and also reported more symptoms (F = 20.1, P = .00001) than male soccer players. There was no significant difference in body mass index between male and female players (F = .04, P = .85). Conclusion: A history of concussion and gender may account for significant differences in postconcussive neurocognitive test scores in soccer players and may play a role in determining recovery. These differences do not appear to reflect differences in mass between genders and may be related to other gender-specific factors that deserve further study.

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  • Under physiological conditions, sex-specific differences in mitochondrial respiration, bioenergetics, and reactive oxygen species production have been reported in both human and animal studies.

    “Under physiological conditions, sex-specific differences in mitochondrial respiration, bioenergetics, and reactive oxygen species production have been reported in both human and animal studies.”

    From Sex Differences in Traumatic Brain Injury: What We Know and What We Should Know (2019) · cites this paper as [120]

  • Mitochondria extracted from brain, liver, and cerebral arteries of female rodents displayed more efficient oxidative phosphorylation than in males.

    “mitochondria extracted from brain, liver, and cerebral arteries of female rodents displayed more efficient oxidative phosphorylation than in males”

    From Sex Differences in Traumatic Brain Injury: What We Know and What We Should Know (2019) · cites this paper as [120]

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Authors
Chiang Colvin, A., Mullen, J., Lovell, M. R., Vereeke West, R., Collins, M. W., & Groh, M.
Affiliations
  • Department of Orthopaedics, Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, New York
  • University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (US)
  • Center for Sports Medicine, and Department of Orthopaedics, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
Venue
The American Journal of Sports Medicine
Publisher
SAGE Publications
Published
2009-05-21
Volume
37
Issue
9
Pages
1699-1704
ISSN
  • 0363-5465 (ISSN-L)
  • 1552-3365
DOI
10.1177/0363546509332497
OpenAlex
W2110593785
Cited by
333
References
37
Citations by year
2026: 9 · 2025: 3 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 15 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 21 · 2020: 27 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 24 · 2017: 29 · 2016: 31 · 2015: 36 · 2014: 22 · 2013: 21 · 2012: 21
FWCI
10.24
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Licence
journals.sagepub.com/page/policies/text-and-data-mining-license (tdm)
Locations
  • The American Journal of Sports Medicine (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Traumatic Brain Injury Research
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Orthopedics and Sports Medicine › Sports injuries and prevention
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Sport Psychology and Performance
Keywords
concussion, soccer, concussion history, gender differences, neurocognitive recovery, impact testing, post-concussion symptoms, reaction time, memory, visual motor speed, youth athletes
MeSH terms
Adolescent, Brain Concussion, Child, Cognition Disorders, Female, Humans, Male, Neuropsychological Tests, Sex Factors, Soccer, Cohort Studies, Young Adult

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