Cited by 132Palliative Care and End-of-Life IssuesPalliative and Oncologic CarePain Management and Opioid Use

Associations Among End-of-Life Discussions, Health-Care Utilization, and Costs in Persons With Advanced Cancer: A Systematic Review

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Starr, Lauren T., Ulrich, Connie M., Corey, Kristin L., Meghani, Salimah H.·2019·American Journal of Hospice and Palliative Medicine®

Abstract

Background: Aggressive end-of-life (EOL) care is associated with lower quality of life and greater regret about treatment decisions. Higher EOL costs are also associated with lower quality EOL care. Advance care planning and goals-of-care conversations (“EOL discussions”) may influence EOL health-care utilization and costs among persons with cancer. Objective: To describe associations among EOL discussions, health-care utilization and place of death, and costs in persons with advanced cancer and explore variation in study measures. Methods: A systematic review was conducted using PubMed, Embase, and CINAHL. Twenty quantitative studies published between January 2012 and January 2019 were included. Results: End-of-life discussions are associated with lower health-care costs in the last 30 days of life (median US$1048 vs US$23482; P < .001); lower likelihood of acute care at EOL (odds ratio [(OR] ranging 0.43-0.69); lower likelihood of intensive care at EOL (ORs ranging 0.26-0.68); lower odds of chemotherapy near death (ORs 0.41, 0.57); lower odds of emergency department use and shorter length of hospital stay; greater use of hospice (ORs ranging 1.79 to 6.88); and greater likelihood of death outside the hospital. Earlier EOL discussions (30+ days before death) are more strongly associated with less aggressive care outcomes than conversations occurring near death. Conclusions: End-of-life discussions are associated with less aggressive, less costly EOL care. Clinicians should initiate these discussions with patients having cancer earlier to better align care with preferences.

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  • Advance care planning has been associated with earlier and increased use of hospice care, reduced intensive treatment and hospitalizations at the end of life, and better quality of life in patients with cancer and caregivers.

    “Advance care planning has been associated with earlier and increased use of hospice care [12–15], reduced intensive treatment and hospitalizations at the end of life [13, 15–18], and better quality of life in patients with cancer and caregivers [12, 19].”

    From Mindfulness to enhance quality of life and support advance care planning: a pilot randomized controlled trial for adults with advanced cancer and their family caregivers. (2024) · cites this paper as [13]

    The Results (Summary of Findings; page unavailable) associate earlier end-of-life discussions with longer hospice enrollment and report greater hospice use, less aggressive care, and fewer hospitalizations. The Conclusions also link these care outcomes to greater quality of life, but the paper does not establish the claimed improvement in quality of life for both patients with cancer and caregivers. (LLM, conf=0.88)

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Research works printed but not linked: 6

  1. [21]Haynes MA, Smedley BD. The Unequal Burden of Cancer: An Assessment of NIH Research and Programs for Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved In: Haynes MA, Smedley BD, eds. The Unequal Burden of Cancer: An Assessment of NIH Research and Programs for Ethnic Minorities and the Medically Underserved. Washington (DC): Institute of Medicine, NIH; 1999. 20845564
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  3. [53]Ahluwalia SC, Tisnado DM, Walling AM, Association of Early Patient-Physician Care Planning Discussions and End-of-Life Care Intensity in Advanced Cancer. J Palliat Med. 2015; 18(10): 834– 841. 26186553 PMC4599129
  4. [60]Klingler C, in der Schmitten J, Marckmann G. Does facilitated Advance Care Planning reduce the costs of care near the end of life? Systematic review and ethical considerations. Palliative medicine. 2016; 30(5): 423– 432. 26294218 PMC4838173
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  6. [62]O’Connor TL, Ngamphaiboon N, Groman A, Hospice utilization and end-of-life care in metastatic breast cancer patients at a comprehensive cancer center. Journal of Palliative Medicine. 2015; 18(1): 50– 55. 25353618

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Authors
Starr, L. T., Ulrich, C. M., Corey, K. L., & Meghani, S. H.
Affiliations
  • Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics (US)
  • University of Pennsylvania (US)
Corresponding author
Starr, Lauren T.
Venue
American Journal of Hospice and Palliative Medicine®
Published
2019-05-09
Volume
36
Issue
10
Pages
913-926
ISSN
  • 1049-9091 (ISSN-L)
  • 1938-2715
OpenAlex
W2944707386
Cited by
132
References
54
Citations by year
2026: 13 · 2025: 22 · 2024: 26 · 2023: 22 · 2022: 23 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 14
FWCI
2.00
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • American Journal of Hospice and Palliative Medicine® (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics at the University of Pennsylvania (Jonas Nurse Leaders Scholars program)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Palliative Care and End-of-Life Issues
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Palliative and Oncologic Care
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine › Pain Management and Opioid Use
Keywords
end-of-life discussions, advance care planning, goals of care discussions, advanced cancer, health care utilization, end-of-life care costs, place of death, hospice use, chemotherapy near death, quality of end-of-life care
MeSH terms
Communication, Health Expenditures, Health Resources, Health Services, Humans, Neoplasms, Patient Acceptance of Health Care, Patient Care Planning, Quality of Life, Severity of Illness Index, Terminal Care, Advance Care Planning

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