The Questionnaire on Self-Transcendence (QUEST): A Measure of Trait Self-Transcendence Informed by Contextual Cognitive Behavioral Therapies
Abstract
Self-transcendence is thought to increase well-being and is implicitly promoted in contextual cognitive behavioral therapies (CCBTs). This study conceptualizes, develops, and validates the first comprehensive CCBT-informed self-transcendence questionnaire. Using a CCBT-informed theory, we propose four self-transcendence facets: distancing oneself from mental content, distinguishing an observer of mental experience that is separate from the content of experience, experiencing innate connectedness with other beings, and noticing the constantly changing nature of experience. We measured these facets with items from existing relevant questionnaires and novel, expert-informed items. Exploratory factor analyses and bifactor exploratory structural equation models supported the first three of these facets. Those factors evidenced convergent validity with decentering, defusion, experiential avoidance, and mindfulness, and criterion and incremental validity in predicting psychological well-being. Our findings support a CCBT-informed model of self-transcendence, introduce the first instrument to comprehensively measure the self-transcendence facets we identified, indicate links with well-being, and suggest future intervention targets.
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EQ scores correlate more strongly with the decentering sub-scale of the Questionnaire on Self-Transcendence (r = 0.68−0.77) and self-rated inventories of cognitive defusion.
“In contrast, EQ scores correlate more strongly with the decentering sub-scale of the Questionnaire on Self-Transcendence (r = 0.68−0.77)22 as well as self-rated inventories of cognitive defusion, although not to the level one would expect if they were capturing the exact same trait.”
From Decentering as a core component in the psychological treatment and prevention of youth anxiety and depression: a narrative review and insight report (2021) · cites this paper as [22]
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- Authors
- Fishbein, J. N., Baer, R. A., Correll, J., & Arch, J. J.
- Affiliations
- University of Colorado Boulder (US)
- University of Kentucky (US)
- Corresponding author
- Fishbein, Joel N.
- Venue
- Assessment
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2020-12-28
- Volume
- 29
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 508-526
- ISSN
- 1073-1911 (ISSN-L)
- 1552-3489
- OpenAlex
- W3115645898
- Cited by
- 14
- References
- 85
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 2
- FWCI
- 0.70
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Assessment (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- CU Scholar (University of Colorado Boulder) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Psychological Well-being and Life Satisfaction
- Social Sciences › Health › Religion, Spirituality, and Psychology
- Keywords
- self-transcendence, decentering, defusion, experiential avoidance, mindfulness, psychological well-being, connectedness
- MeSH terms
- Humans, Surveys and Questionnaires, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Mindfulness
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