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The Neural Substrates of Reward Processing in Humans: The Modern Role of fMRI

McClure, Samuel M., York, Michele K., Montague, P. Read·2004·The Neuroscientist

DOI 10.1177/1073858404263526

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Abstract

Experimental work in animals has identified numerous neural structures involved in reward processing and reward-dependent learning. Until recently, this work provided the primary basis for speculations about the neural substrates of human reward processing. The widespread use of neuroimaging technology has changed this situation dramatically over the past decade through the use of PET and fMRI. Here, the authors focus on the role played by fMRI studies, where recent work has replicated the animal results in human subjects and has extended the view of putative reward-processing neural structures. In particular, fMRI work has identified a set of reward-related brain structures including the orbitofrontal cortex, amygdala, ventral striatum, and medial prefrontal cortex. Moreover, the human experiments have probed the dependence of human reward responses on learned expectations, context, timing, and the reward dimension. Current experiments aim to assess the function of human reward-processing structures to determine how they allow us to predict, assess, and act in response to rewards. The authors review current accomplishments in the study of human reward processing and focus their discussion on explanations directed particularly at the role played by the ventral striatum. They discuss how these findings may contribute to a better understanding of deficits associated with Parkinson’s disease.

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Authors: McClure, S. M., York, M. K., & Montague, P. R.
Affiliations: Baylor College of Medicine (US)
Corresponding author: McClure, Samuel M.
ORCID: York, Michele K.
Montague, P. Read
Venue: The Neuroscientist
Publisher: SAGE Publications
Published: 2004-06
Volume: 10
Issue: 3
Pages: 260-268
ISSN: 1073-8584 (ISSN-L)
1089-4098
DOI: 10.1177/1073858404263526
OpenAlex: W2118755615
Cited by: 480
References: 63
Citations by year: 2026: 7 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 23 · 2020: 25 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 23 · 2017: 26 · 2016: 23 · 2015: 24 · 2014: 35 · 2013: 42 · 2012: 32
FWCI: 1.24
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: journals.sagepub.com/page/policies/text-and-data-mining-license (tdm)
Locations: The Neuroscientist (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
Funders: National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH052797)
National Institute on Drug Abuse (R01DA011723)
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (K23NS041254)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neurotransmitter Receptor Influence on Behavior
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Gambling Behavior and Treatments
Keywords: reward processing, neural correlates, ventral striatum, orbitofrontal cortex, amygdala, medial prefrontal cortex, reward timing, reward prediction, Parkinson's disease
MeSH terms: Algorithms, Animals, Brain, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Neurons, Parkinson Disease, Radiography, Reward

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The Neural Substrates of Reward Processing in Humans: The Modern Role of fMRI

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