The Role of Trauma Type and Age in the Relation Between Trauma Exposure and Intelligence
Abstract
Experiencing potentially traumatic events (PTEs) is associated with deficits in cognitive functioning for youth. Previous research has demonstrated that PTE type may influence the association between PTE experiences and intelligence, such that IQ scores may differ by the type of PTE experienced. Additionally, mixed findings in the literature suggest that these associations might differ by age. The current study examined the association between PTE type and IQ and how age may moderate this association. In a sample of youth in foster care ( N = 328, M age = 13.25), physical, psychological, and sexual abuse and family PTEs were directly associated with verbal and nonverbal IQ. Age significantly moderated the association between IQ and neglect and academic PTEs. Results suggest that broad PTE grouping methods or failing to account for both maltreatment and general PTEs in samples of youth in foster care may conceal differences in how PTEs relate to intellectual functioning.
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The finding of decreased trauma exposure and PTSD with higher intelligence is consistent with previous findings and with the association of childhood trauma with lower intelligence.
“This is consistent with previous findings [29] and with the association of childhood trauma with lower intelligence [40].”
From High intelligence is not associated with a greater propensity for mental health disorders (2023) · cites this paper as [29]
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High intelligence is not associated with a greater propensity for mental health disorders
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High Intelligence is not a Risk Factor for Mental Health DisordersPreprint
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- Authors
- McGuire, A., & Jackson, Y.
- Affiliations
- University of Kansas (US)
- Pennsylvania State University (US)
- Corresponding author
- McGuire, Austen
- ORCID
- McGuire, Austen
- Venue
- Child Maltreatment
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2019-07-09
- Volume
- 25
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 192-202
- ISSN
- 1077-5595 (ISSN-L)
- 1552-6119
- OpenAlex
- W2957898639
- Cited by
- 7
- References
- 57
- Citations by year
- 2024: 1 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 1
- FWCI
- 1.75
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Child Maltreatment (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Mental Health (RO1 Grant MH079252-03, 2011)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
- Social Sciences › Safety Research › Child Welfare and Adoption
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
- Keywords
- potentially traumatic events, trauma type, intelligence, IQ, foster youth, physical abuse, psychological violence, sexual abuse, neglect, age moderation, cognitive function
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Age Factors, Child, Child Abuse, Female, Foster Home Care, Humans, Intelligence, Life Change Events, Male, Risk Factors, Stress Disorders, Traumatic
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