Does the iPad night shift mode reduce melatonin suppression?
Open accessAbstract
The increased use of self-luminous displays, especially in the evening prior to bedtime, has been associated with melatonin suppression, delayed sleep and sleep curtailment. The present study set out to investigate whether the Night Shift application provided by Apple Inc. for use on its portable electronic devices is effective for reducing acute melatonin suppression, a well-established marker of circadian phase. Participants experienced four experimental conditions: a dim light control, a high circadian stimulus true positive intervention and two Night Shift interventions delivering low and high correlated colour temperature light from the devices. Melatonin suppression did not significantly differ between the two Night Shift interventions, which indicates that changing the spectral composition of self-luminous displays without changing their brightness settings may be insufficient for preventing impacts on melatonin suppression.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
A pure blue light filter has an insufficient effect on melatonin suppression without an accompanied brightness reduction.
“Importantly, it has been reported that a pure blue light filter has an insufficient effect on melatonin suppression without an accompanied brightness reduction 115.”
From The inner clock-Blue light sets the human rhythm (2019) · cites this paper as [115]
The Discussion reports that melatonin suppression did not significantly differ between the two iPad Night Shift settings and suggests that changing a display’s spectrum without reducing brightness may be insufficient to avoid suppression. The claim presents that tentative finding as a categorical conclusion about blue-light filters generally, beyond the Night Shift settings tested. (LLM, conf=0.83)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredOther studies failed to show consistent beneficial effects of blue light filtering software, or suggested additional interfering factors such as display brightness.
“others failed to show consistent beneficial effects [46], or suggested additional interfering factors such as display brightness [47].”
From Preliminary Results: The Impact of Smartphone Use and Short-Wavelength Light during the Evening on Circadian Rhythm, Sleep and Alertness (2021) · cites this paper as [47]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
(2014) · The Journal of the American College of Dentists · doi:10.5124/jkma.2014.57.11.899 · Cited by 16,387 · see citing works
Cook, R. J., Dickens, B. M., & Fathalla, M. F. (2003) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199241323.003.0025 · Cited by 10,813 · see citing works
Available, N. (2000) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.284.23.3043 · Cited by 2,344 · see citing works
Chang, A.-M., Aeschbach, D., Duffy, J. F., & Czeisler, C. A. (2015) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1418490112 · Cited by 1,430 · see citing works
Measuring and using light in the melanopsin age
Lucas, R. J., Peirson, S. N., Berson, D. M., Brown, T. M., Cooper, H. M., Czeisler, C. A., Figueiro, M. G., Gamlin, P. D., Lockley, S. W., O’Hagan, J. B., et al. (2014) · Trends in Neurosciences · doi:10.1016/j.tins.2013.10.004 · Cited by 1,278 · see citing works
Zeitzer, J. M., Dijk, D., Kronauer, R. E., Brown, E. N., & Czeisler, C. A. (2000) · The Journal of Physiology · doi:10.1111/j.1469-7793.2000.00695.x · Cited by 1,175 · see citing works
Cajochen, C., Frey, S., Anders, D., Späti, J., Bues, M., Pross, A., Mager, R., Wirz-Justice, A., & Stefani, O. (2011) · Journal of Applied Physiology · doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00165.2011 · Cited by 730 · see citing works
Wood, B., Rea, M. S., Plitnick, B., & Figueiro, M. G. (2013) · Applied Ergonomics · doi:10.1016/j.apergo.2012.07.008 · Cited by 428 · see citing works
Arendt, J. (2006) · Chronobiology International · doi:10.1080/07420520500464361 · Cited by 383 · see citing works
A model of phototransduction by the human circadian system
Rea, M. S., Figueiro, M. G., Bullough, J. D., & Bierman, A. (2005) · Brain Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.brainresrev.2005.07.002 · Cited by 381 · see citing works
Strijkstra, A. M., Beersma, D. G. M., Drayer, B., Halbesma, N., & Daan, S. (2003) · Neuroscience Letters · doi:10.1016/s0304-3940(03)00033-8 · Cited by 318 · see citing works
Modelling the spectral sensitivity of the human circadian system
Rea, M. S., Figueiro, M. G., Bierman, A., & Hamner, R. (2011) · Lighting Research & Technology · doi:10.1177/1477153511430474 · Cited by 293 · see citing works
Rea, M. S., Figueiro, M. G., Bierman, A., & Bullough, J. D. (2010) · Journal of Circadian Rhythms · doi:10.1186/1740-3391-8-2 · Cited by 279 · see citing works
Figueiro, M., Hamner, R., Bierman, A., & Rea, M. (2013) · Lighting Research & Technology · doi:10.1177/1477153512450453 · Cited by 179 · see citing works
The impact of light from computer monitors on melatonin levels in college students.
Figueiro, M. G., Wood, B., Plitnick, B., & Rea, M. S. (2011) · PubMed · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Self-luminous devices and melatonin suppression in adolescents
Figueiro, M. G., & Overington, D. W. U. (2015) · Lighting Research & Technology · doi:10.1177/1477153515584979 · Cited by 110 · see citing works
Grønli, J., Byrkjedal, I. K., Bjorvatn, B., Nødtvedt, Ø., Hamre, B., & Pallesen, S. (2016) · Sleep Medicine · doi:10.1016/j.sleep.2016.02.006 · Cited by 103 · see citing works
Does evening exposure to mobile phone radiation affect subsequent melatonin production?
Wood, A., Loughran, S., & Stough, C. K. K. (2006) · International Journal of Radiation Biology · doi:10.1080/09553000600599775 · Cited by 97 · see citing works
The Blue-Light Hazard: A Review
Bullough, J. D. (2000) · Journal of the Illuminating Engineering Society · doi:10.1080/00994480.2000.10748312 · Cited by 74 · see citing works
Measuring circadian light and its impact on adolescents
Figueiro, M. G., Brons, J. A., Plitnick, B., Donlan, B., Leslie, R., & Rea, M. S. (2010) · Lighting Research & Technology · doi:10.1177/1477153510382853 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Evaluating the blue-light hazard from solid state lighting
Bullough, J. D., Bierman, A., & Rea, M. S. (2017) · International Journal of Occupational Safety and Ergonomics · doi:10.1080/10803548.2017.1375172 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 2
- [20]Commission Internationale de l’Éclairage CIE TN 003:2015 Report on the First International Workshop on Circadian and Neurophysiological Photometry, 2013 Vienna CIE 2015
- [21]Commission Internationale de l’Éclairage Report on the First International Workshop on Circadian and Neurophysiological Photometry 2013 Vienna CIE 2015 Open access downloadable Microsoft Excel version of the CIE’s SI-compatible irradiance toolbox Last accessed on 21 November, 2017
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Brown, T. M., Brainard, G. C., Cajochen, C., Czeisler, C. A., Hanifin, J. P., Lockley, S. W., Lucas, R. J., Münch, M., O’Hagan, J. B., Peirson, S. N., et al. (2022) · PLOS Biology · doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.3001571 · Cited by 659 · see citing works
The inner clock-Blue light sets the human rhythm
Wahl, S., Engelhardt, M., Schaupp, P., Lappe, C., & Ivanov, I. V. (2019) · Journal of Biophotonics · doi:10.1002/jbio.201900102 · Cited by 293 · see citing works
TFOS Lifestyle: Impact of the digital environment on the ocular surface
Wolffsohn, J. S., Lingham, G., Downie, L. E., Huntjens, B., Inomata, T., Jivraj, S., Kobia‐Acquah, E., Müntz, A., Mohamed‐Noriega, K., Plainis, S., et al. (2023) · The Ocular Surface · doi:10.1016/j.jtos.2023.04.004 · Cited by 183 · see citing works
The Impact of Sleep Interventions on Athletic Performance: A Systematic Review
Cunha, L. A., Costa, J. A., Marques, E. A., Brito, J., Lastella, M., & Figueiredo, P. (2023) · Sports Medicine - Open · doi:10.1186/s40798-023-00599-z · Cited by 126 · see citing works
The impact of blue light and digital screens on the skin
Kumari, J., Das, K., Babaei, M., Rokni, G. R., & Goldust, M. (2023) · Journal of Cosmetic Dermatology · doi:10.1111/jocd.15576 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
The Complex Effects of Light on Metabolism in Humans
Ishihara, A., Courville, A. B., & Chen, K. Y. (2023) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu15061391 · Cited by 65 · see citing works
Höhn, C., Schmid, S. R., Plamberger, C. P., Bothe, K., Angerer, M., Gruber, G., Pletzer, B., & Hoedlmoser, K. (2021) · Clocks & Sleep · doi:10.3390/clockssleep3010005 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
“While some studies were able to show that blue light filtering software can indeed reduce some of the negative effects of evening short-wavelength light [43–45], others failed to show consistent beneficial effects [46], or suggested additional interfering factors such as display brightness [47].”
BackgroundNagare, R., Rea, M. S., Plitnick, B., & Figueiro, M. G. (2019) · Journal of Biological Rhythms · doi:10.1177/0748730419828056 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Ratan, Z. A., Parrish, A., Alotaibi, M. S., & Hosseinzadeh, H. (2022) · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · doi:10.3390/ijerph192416583 · Cited by 70 · see citing works
Ricketts, E. J., Joyce, D. S., Rissman, A. J., Burgess, H. J., Colwell, C. S., Lack, L. C., & Gradisar, M. (2022) · Sleep Medicine Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.smrv.2022.101667 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Behavioural determinants of physiologically-relevant light exposure
Biller, A. M., Balakrishnan, P., & Spitschan, M. (2024) · Communications Psychology · doi:10.1038/s44271-024-00159-5 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Duraccio, K. M., Zaugg, K. K., Blackburn, R. C., & Jensen, C. D. (2021) · Sleep Health · doi:10.1016/j.sleh.2021.03.005 · Cited by 40 · see citing works
Nagare, R., Rea, M. S., Plitnick, B., & Figueiro, M. G. (2019) · Journal of Biological Rhythms · doi:10.1177/0748730419830013 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Bani‐Issa, W., Radwan, H., Saqan, R., Hijazi, H., Fakhry, R., Alameddine, M., Naja, F., Ibrahim, A., Lin, N., Naing, Y. T., et al. (2023) · Journal of Sleep Research · doi:10.1111/jsr.13666 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Impact of Technology Use on Behavior and Sleep Scores in Preschool Children in Saudi Arabia
Almuaigel, D., Alanazi, A., AlMuaigel, M., Alshamrani, F., Al-sheikh, M., Almuhana, N., Zeeshan, M., Alshurem, M., Alshammari, A. K., & Mansi, K. (2021) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2021.649095 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Dim light at night: physiological effects and ecological consequences for infectious disease.
Kernbach, M. E., Hall, R. J., Burkett-Cadena, N., Unnasch, T., & Martin, L. B. (2018) · Integrative and Comparative Biology · doi:10.1093/icb/icy080 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Rea, M. S., Nagare, R., & Figueiro, M. G. (2020) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-020-70619-5 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Marino, C., Musetti, A., Vieno, A., Manari, T., & Franceschini, C. (2022) · Addictive Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.addbeh.2022.107380 · Cited by 24 · see citing works
Social Media and Adolescent Mental Health
Yue, Z., & Rich, M. (2023) · Current Pediatrics Reports · doi:10.1007/s40124-023-00298-z · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Driller, M. W., Jacobson, G. M., & Uiga, L. (2019) · Sleep Science · doi:10.5935/1984-0063.20190074 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Schöllhorn, I., Stefani, O., Blume, C., & Cajochen, C. (2023) · Clocks & Sleep · doi:10.3390/clockssleep5040044 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Engelhard, M., & Kollins, S. H. (2019) · Current Psychiatry Reports · doi:10.1007/s11920-019-1077-1 · Cited by 20 · see citing works
Zhang, C., Zhu, Z., Zhao, J., Li, Y., Zhang, Z., & Zheng, Y. (2022) · The Science of The Total Environment · doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160809 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Rabiei, M., Masoumi, S. J., Haghani, M., Nematolahi, S., Rabiei, R., & Mortazavi, S. M. J. (2024) · Electromagnetic Biology and Medicine · doi:10.1080/15368378.2024.2327432 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Realizing Wide‐Gamut Human‐Centric Display Lighting with K3AlP3O9N:Eu2+
Hariyani, S., Xing, X., Amachraa, M., Bao, J., Ong, S. P., & Brgoch, J. (2023) · Advanced Optical Materials · doi:10.1002/adom.202202689 · Cited by 17 · see citing works
Environmental light exposure and mealtime regularity: Implications for human health
Ng, C. M., & Kaur, S. (2022) · Chronobiology International · doi:10.1080/07420528.2022.2093212 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Ergonomic lighting considerations for the home office workplace
McKee, C., & Hedge, A. (2022) · Work · doi:10.3233/wor-210704 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Comparative analysis of circadian lighting models: melanopic illuminance vs. circadian stimulus
Huang, Y., Li, J., & Dai, Q. (2024) · Optics Express · doi:10.1364/oe.532207 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Yang, C., Yang, P., Liang, S., & Wang, T. (2019) · Lighting Research & Technology · doi:10.1177/1477153519884097 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Nagare, R., Rea, M. S., & Figueiro, M. G. (2021) · Neurobiology of Sleep and Circadian Rhythms · doi:10.1016/j.nbscr.2021.100071 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Contemporary Variables that Impact Sleep and Development in Female Adolescent Swimmers and Gymnasts
Bartholomew, J. N., Gilligan, C., & Spence, A. (2021) · Sports Medicine - Open · doi:10.1186/s40798-021-00331-9 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Nie, J., Chen, Z., Jiao, F., Chen, Y., Pan, Z., Deng, C., Zhang, H., Dong, B., Xi, X., Kang, X., et al. (2022) · Building and Environment · doi:10.1016/j.buildenv.2022.109767 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Ren, Z., Lu, H., Ma, X., Min, G., Liu, L., Wu, L., Xu, R., & Yu, K. (2025) · Journal of Youth and Adolescence · doi:10.1007/s10964-025-02310-9 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Does the smartphone’s eye protection mode work?
Xu, W., Wu, P., Yao, Q., Zhang, R., Li, P., Bao, L., Wang, C., Chen, S., Zhang, Y., & Shen, Y. (2023) · Optics Express · doi:10.1364/oe.485195 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
The Circadian Response to Evening Light Spectra in Early Childhood: Preliminary Insights
Hartstein, L. E., Wright, K. P., Behn, C. D., Stowe, S. R., & LeBourgeois, M. K. (2025) · Journal of Biological Rhythms · doi:10.1177/07487304241311652 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Looking Through “Rose-Tinted” Glasses: The Influence of Tint on Visual Affective Processing
Schilling, T., Sipatchin, A., Chuang, L. L., & Wahl, S. (2019) · Frontiers in Human Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnhum.2019.00187 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Future Directions for Lighting Environments
Figueiro, M. G. (2020) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-43803-6_15 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Biological Effects of Light: Can Self‐Luminous Displays Play a Role?
Figueiro, M. G. (2018) · Information Display · doi:10.1002/j.2637-496x.2018.tb01053.x · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Differential regulation of sleep by blue, green, and red light in Drosophila melanogaster
Bond, S. M., Peralta, A. J., Sirtalan, D., Skeele, D. A., Huang, H., Possidente, D. R., & Vecsey, C. G. (2024) · Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnbeh.2024.1476501 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Najmee, A., Chen, A., Rosli, S. A., & Azni, N. (2020) · Environment-Behaviour Proceedings Journal · doi:10.21834/ebpj.v5isi3.2567 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Addicting Content, Blue Light, and Curtailed Sleep
Yau, J. C., Sun, B. T., & Moreno, J. D. (2019) · Advances in psychology, mental health, and behavioral studies (APMHBS) book series · doi:10.4018/978-1-5225-9412-3.ch009 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Qu, S., Zhang, F., Wang, X., Huang, S., Zheng, K., Chu, L., Huang, Y.-T., Yang, Y., Yang, D., & Luo, C. (2025) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2025.1618965 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Trebucq, L. L., Moyano, M. D., Coldeira, M. F., Golombek, D. A., de la Iglesia, H. O., Spiousas, I., & Casiraghi, L. P. (2026) · SLEEP · doi:10.1093/sleep/zsag039 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Hale, L. E., Hartstein, L. E., & Ceranoglu, T. A. (2024) · Pediatric Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.pcl.2024.07.032 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Quantifying the impact of night-shift display modes on evening melatonin production
Mao, J., Huang, Y., Zhao, M., Zhang, F., Li, X., & Dai, Q. (2025) · Displays · doi:10.1016/j.displa.2025.103027 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Mortazavi, S. M. J., Abbasi, S., & Mortazavi, S. A. (2020) · Cancer Management and Research · doi:10.2147/cmar.s292761 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Stampfer, B., Weiss, E. M., & Canazei, M. (2023) · Lernen und Lernstörungen · doi:10.1024/2235-0977/a000403 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Ingram, D. G., Cranford, T. A., & Al-Shawwa, B. A. (2023) · Sleep Medicine Clinics · doi:10.1016/j.jsmc.2023.01.009 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Towards Integrative Multi-Modal Personal Health Navigation Systems: Framework and ApplicationPreprint
Nag, N., Oh, H., Tang, M., Shi, M., & Jain, R. (2021) · arXiv (Cornell University) · doi:10.48550/arxiv.2111.10403 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Bercovitz, I. N., Woodard, K., & Daniel, L. C. (2022) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-91497-0.00015-1 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Arines, J. (2021) · Optica Pura y Aplicada · doi:10.7149/opa.54.1.51048 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Rea, M. S., Nagare, R., Bullough, J. D., & Figueiro, M. G. (2024) · Frontiers in Photonics · doi:10.3389/fphot.2024.1386703 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Dissecting the Response to Blue Light
Schreiner, K. (2020) · Information Display · doi:10.1002/msid.1087 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
73‐4: Invited Paper: Are Displays Giving Us the Blues?
Bullough, J. D., Peana, S., & Camardello, S. J. (2020) · SID Symposium Digest of Technical Papers · doi:10.1002/sdtp.14066 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Bidopia, T., Engelhard, M., Kollins, S. H., & Lunsford‐Avery, J. R. (2022) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-818872-9.00126-6 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Graphical Management of Attentional State
Kortschot, S. W. (2019) · TSpace (University of Toronto)
Yashchenko, S. G., Sarchuk, E. V., & Pilunskaya, O. A. (2021) · IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science · doi:10.1088/1755-1315/853/1/012009
Machine Learning Phenotyping of Autonomic Stress from Daily Temperature and Ecological AssessmentsPreprint
Silva, A. A. (2025) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2025.11.11.25339837
Huang, Y., Zhao, S., Mao, J., Li, X., Zhang, F., Han, L., Zhao, M., & Dai, Q. (2025) · Building and Environment · doi:10.1016/j.buildenv.2025.114146
EEG correlates of well-being and wearable EEG
Cannard, C. (2022) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/df2fc223ze70cz4c74zbdeez427a8788428b
Whispers in the Dark: Effects of Voice Type and Dialog Context in Likability and Tension
Lee, J., Kim, E., Han, J., Suhr, J., & Yoo, Y. (2026) · Archives of Design Research · doi:10.15187/adr.2026.05.39.2.161
Campo-Beamud, C., & Roig-Ferreruela, G. (2026) · Archivos de la Sociedad Española de Oftalmología · doi:10.1016/j.oftal.2026.502590
Tupu, A. E., Tudor, S. S., Tudor, I. M., Ștefan, C. S., Munteanu, A. E., & Nechita, A. (2026) · Diagnostics · doi:10.3390/diagnostics16152355
63‐1: Display Light Characteristics and Health: An Overview
Veto, P., Lettieri, L., & Bouman, T. (2026) · SID Symposium Digest of Technical Papers · doi:10.1002/sdtp.70001_240
- Authors
- Nagare, R., Plitnick, B., & Figueiro, M.
- Affiliations
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (US)
- Lighting Research Center, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, USA
- ORCID
- Venue
- Lighting Research & Technology
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2018-01-09
- Volume
- 51
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 373-383
- ISSN
- 0024-3426 (ISSN-L)
- 1477-1535
- 1477-0938
- PMC
- PMC6561503
- OpenAlex
- W2783835679
- Cited by
- 66
- References
- 21
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 8 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 2
- FWCI
- 3.52
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Lighting Research & Technology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Aging (T32AG057464)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Circadian rhythm and melatonin
- Physical Sciences › Environmental Science › Global and Planetary Change › Impact of Light on Environment and Health
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
- Keywords
- melatonin suppression, circadian phase, correlated color temperature, circadian stimulus, sleep onset delay, spectral composition of light
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
