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Cited by 119Child Abuse and TraumaIntimate Partner and Family ViolenceCrime Patterns and Interventions

Child Maltreatment, Youth Violence, Intimate Partner Violence, and Elder Mistreatment: A Review and Theoretical Analysis of Research on Violence Across the Life Course

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Herrenkohl, Todd I., Fedina, Lisa, Roberto, Karen A., Raquet, Kira L., Hu, Rita X., Rousson, Ashley N., Mason, W. Alex·2022·Trauma, Violence, & Abuse
DOI 10.1177/1524838020939119PMC PMC10202370
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Abstract

This article reports the results of a scoping review of the literature on life-course patterns of violence that span the developmental periods of childhood, adolescence, and early and middle adulthood. We also assess the evidence on elder mistreatment and its relation to earlier forms of violence. Additionally, we draw on theories and empirical studies to help explain the transmission of violence over time and relational contexts and the factors that appear to mitigate risks and promote resilience in individuals exposed to violence. Results suggest that encounters with violence beginning in childhood elevate the risk for violence in subsequent developmental periods. The strongest connections are between child maltreatment (physical abuse, emotional abuse, sexual abuse, and neglect) and violence in adolescence and between violence in adolescence and violence in early and middle adulthood. Persistence of violence into older adulthood leading to elder mistreatment is less well-documented, but probable, based on available research. We conclude that more attention should be paid to studying developmental patterns and intersecting forms of violence that extend into old age. To eradicate violence in all its forms, considerably more must be done to increase awareness of the repetition of violence; to connect research to actionable steps for prevention and intervention across the life course; and to better integrate systems that serve vulnerable children, youth, and adults. Primary prevention is essential to breaking the cycle of violence within families and to alleviating the risks to children caused by poverty and other external factors such as social disconnection within communities.

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  • Emotional IPV is mainly bidirectional and often co-occurs with physical violence and various forms of child maltreatment.

    “This type of violence is mainly bidirectional and often co-occurs with physical violence and various forms of child maltreatment (Hamby et al., 2010;Herrenkohl et al., 2022;Keilholtz et al., 2023).”

    From The Intergenerational Transmission of Emotional Intimate Partner Violence: a Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis (2025) · cites this paper as Herrenkohl et al., 2022

    The Results section on IPV reports that types of IPV co-occur: 93% of women who experienced physical IPV also experienced psychological violence. It also discusses mutual IPV and links child maltreatment to later IPV, but does not establish that emotional IPV is mainly bidirectional or that it often co-occurs with child maltreatment. The 93% figure describes psychological violence among those experiencing physical violence, not the reverse. (LLM, conf=0.86)

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Research works printed but not linked: 6

  1. Finkelhor D, Turner H, Hamby S, & Ormrod R (2011). Polyvictimization: Children’s exposure to multiple types of violence, crime, and abuse. OJJDP Juvenile Justice Bulletin, October.
  2. Herrenkohl TI (2011a). Family violence and co-occurring risk factors for children exposed to violence. In Herrenkohl TI, Aisenberg E, Williams JH, & Jenson JM (Eds.), Violence in context: Current evidence on risk, protection, and prevention (pp. 73– 91). New York: Oxford University Press.
  3. Herrenkohl TI (2011b). Resilience and protection from violence exposure in children: Implications for prevention and intervention programs with vulnerable populations. In Herrenkohl TI, Aisenberg E, Williams JH, & Jenson JM (Eds.), Violence in context: Current evidence on risk, protection, and prevention (pp. 92– 108). New York: Oxford University Press.
  4. Luthar S (2006). Resilience in development: A synthesis of research across five decades. In Cicchetti D & Cohen DJ (Eds.), Development and psychopathology: Risk, disorder, and adaptation (pp. 740– 795). New York: John Wiley.
  5. Pelton LH (1994). The role of material factors in child abuse and neglect. In Barry GBMFD (Ed.), Protecting children from abuse and neglect: Foundations for a new strategy (pp. 131– 181). New York, NY: Guilford Press.
  6. Policastro C, & Finn MA (2017). Coercive control and physical violence in older adults: Analysis using data from the National Elder Mistreatment Study. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 32, 311– 330. 25976315

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Authors
Herrenkohl, T. I., Fedina, L., Roberto, K. A., Raquet, K. L., Hu, R. X., Rousson, A. N., & Mason, W. A.
Affiliations
  • University of Michigan (US)
  • Virginia Tech (US)
  • University of Washington (US)
  • University of Tennessee Health Science Center (US)
Corresponding author
Herrenkohl, Todd I.
ORCID
Venue
Trauma, Violence, & Abuse
Publisher
SAGE Publications
Published
2020-07-29
Volume
23
Issue
1
Pages
314-328
ISSN
  • 1524-8380 (ISSN-L)
  • 1552-8324
DOI
10.1177/1524838020939119
PMC
PMC10202370
OpenAlex
W3046180153
Cited by
119
References
128
Citations by year
2026: 28 · 2025: 35 · 2024: 20 · 2023: 20 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 2
FWCI
0.71
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
journals.sagepub.com/page/policies/text-and-data-mining-license (tdm)
Locations
  • Trauma Violence & Abuse (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
Herrenkohl, Todd I. (1R01AG059823-01)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
  • Social Sciences › Health › Intimate Partner and Family Violence
  • Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Crime Patterns and Interventions
Keywords
child abuse, youth violence, intimate partner violence, elder abuse, intergenerational transmission of violence, physical abuse, emotional abuse, sexual abuse, neglect, adolescence, early adulthood, midlife, resilience, violence prevention, primary prevention, poverty, social disconnection
MeSH terms
Intimate Partner Violence, Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Child, Child Abuse, Humans, Life Change Events, Violence, Adult Survivors of Child Abuse

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