The DOI matches its Crossref record; 18 of the 18 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Treatment of Severe Blood-Injection-Injury Phobia With the Applied-Tension Method: Two Adolescent Case Examples
Abstract
Blood-injection-injury phobias can be so severe that they interfere with receiving necessary medical care. Compared with most other phobias that typically increase heart rate, blood-injection-injury phobias are unique in their association with vasovagal responses. Thus, patients with blood-injection-injury phobias are typically less responsive to relaxation techniques, which in fact may be counterproductive. The current case studies describe use and clinical effectiveness of applied tension for treatment of severe blood-injection-injury phobia in two adolescent patients. Treatment included in vivo gradual exposure to feared stimuli combined with mastery of the tension technique to cope with anxiety, reduce vasovagal responses, and ultimately receive recommended medical treatment. Both patients experienced a significant decrease in anxiety and successfully underwent medical intervention without experiencing syncope. Directions for future research are discussed.
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One-session treatment for specific phobias
Öst, L.-G. (1989) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/0005-7967(89)90113-7 · Cited by 498
Management of Vasovagal Syncope: Controlling or Aborting Faints by Leg Crossing and Muscle Tensing
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“, slow heart rate), decreased blood pressure, vertigo, and potential syncope (e.g., fainting; Marks, 1988).”
BackgroundThe epidemiology of blood-injection-injury phobia
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“It is probable that, unlike the adult trials that suggest that exposures are not an essential part of the initial treatment (Hellstrom et al., 1996; Öst et al., 1991), practice with exposures concurrent with learning the tension component may be particularly important for children and adolescents who likely need more…”
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“…be learned quickly, the 16 and 11 sessions conducted with these two patients were significantly more than the 1 or 5 sessions typically reported in the majority of the Öst and colleagues studies (Öst et al., 1989; Öst et al., 1991; Öst & Sterner, 1987; Öst, Svensson, Hellstrom, & Lindwall, 2001).”
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The multibranched nerve: vagal function beyond heart rate variability
Karemaker, J. M. (2022) · Biological Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.biopsycho.2022.108378 · Cited by 65
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Metadata
- Authors
- Mednick, L. M., & Claar, R. L.
- Affiliations
- Boston Children's Hospital (US)
- ORCID
- Mednick, Lauren M.
- Venue
- Clinical Case Studies
- Publisher
- SAGE Publications
- Published
- 2012-02
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 24-34
- ISSN
- 1534-6501 (ISSN-L)
- 1552-3802
- OpenAlex
- W2013150024
- Cited by
- 9
- References
- 17
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 1 · 2018: 1 · 2014: 2 · 2013: 1
- FWCI
- 0.80
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Clinical Case Studies (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Sara Page Mayo Endowment for Pediatric Pain Research and Treatment
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Health Sciences › Dentistry › Oral Surgery › Dental Anxiety and Anesthesia Techniques
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications
- Keywords
- blood-injection-injury phobia, applied tension, vasovagal reaction, anxiety reduction, adolescents, syncope, relaxation techniques
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