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Pharmacological treatment of chronic pain—The need for CHANGE
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: Although chronic pain affects around 20% of adults in Europe and the USA, there is substantial evidence that it is inadequately treated. In June 2009, an international group of pain specialists met in Brussels to identify the reasons for this and to achieve consensus on strategies for improving pain management. SCOPE: Literature on chronic pain management was reviewed, and information presented to and discussed by a panel of experts. FINDINGS: It was agreed that guidelines are not universally accepted by those involved in pain management, and pain treatment seems to be driven mainly by tradition and personal experience. Other factors include poor communication between patients and physicians, the side effects of analgesic drugs, and limited individualisation of therapy. Difficulty in maintaining the balance between adequate pain relief and acceptable tolerability, particularly with strong opioids, can lead to the establishment of a 'vicious circle' that alternates between lack of efficacy and unpleasant side effects, prompting discontinuation of treatment. The medical community's understanding of the physiological differences between nociceptive pain and neuropathic pain, which is often more severe and difficult to treat, could be improved. Increasing physicians' knowledge of the pharmacological options available to manage these different pain mechanisms offers the promise of better treatment decisions and more widespread adoption of a multi-mechanistic approach; this could involve loosely combining two substances from different drug classes, or administering an analgesic with two different mechanisms of action. In some circumstances, a single compound capable of addressing both nociceptive and neuropathic pain is desirable. CONCLUSIONS: To improve patient outcomes, a thorough understanding of pain mechanisms, sensitisation and multi-mechanistic management is required. Universal, user-friendly educational tools are therefore required to familiarise physicians with these topics, and also to improve communication between physicians and their pain patients, so that realistic expectations of treatment can be established.
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“the long-term success of pharmacological pain therapy is limited due to the high number needed to treat (NNT) and frequent adverse side effects [3]”
From Changes in pain, daily occupations, lifestyle, and health following an occupational therapy lifestyle intervention: a secondary analysis from a feasibility study in patients with chronic high-impact pain (2024) · cites this paper as [3]
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“The list of adverse symptoms included the most frequent side effects of treatments for pain [52,57,58].”
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Self-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Varrassi, G., Müller-Schwefe, G., Pergolizzi, J., Orónska, A., Morlion, B., Mavrocordatos, P., Margarit, C., Mangas, C., Jaksch, W., Huygen, F., Collett, B., Berti, M., Aldington, D., & Ahlbeck, K.
- Affiliations
- University of L'Aquila (IT)
- Schmerz- und Palliativzentrum, Göppingen, Germany
- Naples Anesthesia & Physician Associates (US)
- Hospicjum Domowe, Wrocław, Poland
- Universitair Ziekenhuis Leuven (BE)
- Hirslanden Clinique Cecil (CH)
- Hospital General Universitario de Alicante Doctor Balmis (ES)
- Hospital de Santo André (PT)
- Wilhelminen Hospital (AT)
- Erasmus MC (NL)
- Leicester Royal Infirmary (GB)
- Ospedale di Parma (IT)
- Churchill Hospital (GB)
- Karolinska University Hospital (SE)
- Corresponding author
- Pergolizzi, J.
- Venue
- Current Medical Research and Opinion
- Publisher
- Informa UK Limited
- Published
- 2010-03-25
- Volume
- 26
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 1231-1245
- ISSN
- 0300-7995 (ISSN-L)
- 1473-4877
- OpenAlex
- W2003872067
- Cited by
- 167
- References
- 88
- Citations by year
- 2026: 5 · 2025: 8 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 14 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 15 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 6 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 12 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 12 · 2012: 12
- FWCI
- 3.27
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- Current Medical Research and Opinion (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- EUR Research Repository (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine › Pain Management and Opioid Use
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Pain Mechanisms and Treatments
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine › Anesthesia and Pain Management
- Keywords
- chronic pain, pharmacotherapy, pain management, analgesic side effects, strong opioids, opioid tolerability, neuropathic pain, nociceptive pain, analgesic combination therapy, pain mechanisms, sensitization, physician-patient communication, treatment guidelines, physician training
- MeSH terms
- Analgesics, Chronic Disease, Humans, Pain, Practice Guidelines as Topic
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