Evaluation of cardiovascular disease burden and therapeutic goal attainment in US adults with chronic kidney disease: an analysis of national health and nutritional examination survey data, 2001–2010
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: For chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients, national treatment guidelines recommend a low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) goal <100 mg/dL and blood pressure (BP) target <130/80 mmHg. This analysis assessed the current status of cardiovascular (CV) risk factor treatment and control in US adults with CKD. METHODS: Weighted prevalence estimates of CV-related comorbidities, utilization of lipid- and BP-lowering agents, and LDL-C and BP goal attainment in US adults with CKD were assessed among 9,915 men and nonpregnant women aged ≥20 years identified from the fasting subsample of the 2001-2010 National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (NHANES). Analyses were performed using SAS survey procedures that consider the complex, multistage, probability sampling design of NHANES. All estimates were standardized to the 2008 US adult population (≥20 years). Data were stratified by CKD stage based on presence of albuminuria and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), calculated using the Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration (CKD-EPI) equation. Stage 3 CKD was subdivided into 3a (eGFR 45-59 mL/min/1.73 m(2)) and 3b (eGFR 30-44 mL/min/1.73 m(2)); Stage 5 CKD and dialysis recipients were excluded. RESULTS: Of the 9,915 NHANES participants identified for analysis, 1,428 had CKD (Stage 1-4), corresponding to a prevalence estimate for US adults aged ≥20 years of 10.2%. Prevalence of CV-related comorbidities increased markedly with CKD stage, with a ~6-12-fold increase in cardiovascular disease, coronary heart disease (CHD), stroke and congestive heart failure between CKD Stage 1 and 4; prevalence of diabetes, hyperlipidemia and hypertension increased by ~1.2-1.6-fold. Use of lipid-lowering agents increased with CKD stage, from 18.1% (Stage 1) to 44.8% (Stage 4). LDL-C goal attainment increased from 35.8% (Stage 1) to 52.8% (Stage 3b), but decreased in Stage 4 (50.7%). BP goal attainment decreased between Stage 1 and 4 (from 49.5% to 30.2%), despite increased use of antihypertensives (from 30.2% to 78.9%). CONCLUSIONS: Individuals with CKD have a high prevalence of CV-related comorbidities. However, attainment of LDL-C or BP goals was low regardless of disease stage. These findings highlight the potential for intensive risk factor modification to maximize CV event reduction in CKD patients at high risk for CHD.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
Even when a higher goal of ≤140/90 mm Hg was used, only 66.5% overall reached this target.
“Even when a higher goal of ≤140/90 mm Hg was used, only 66.5% overall reached this target.301”
From Resistant Hypertension: Detection, Evaluation, and Management: A Scientific Statement From the American Heart Association (2018) · cites this paper as [301]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Toprak, Ö., Kurt, H., Sarı, Y., Şarkış, C., Us, H., & Kırık, A. (2017) · Kidney & Blood Pressure Research · doi:10.1159/000468530 · Cited by 29,769 · see citing works
Grundy, S. M., Bilheimer, D. W., Chait, A., Clark, L. T., Denke, M. A., Havel, R. J., Hazzard, W. R., Hulley, S. B., Hunninghake, D. B., Kreisberg, R. A., et al. (1993) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.269.23.3015 · Cited by 27,944 · see citing works
Expert Panel on Detection, E. (2001) · JAMA: The Journal of the American Medical Association · doi:10.1001/jama.285.19.2486 · Cited by 26,011 · see citing works
A New Equation to Estimate Glomerular Filtration Rate
Levey, A. S., Stevens, L. A., Schmid, C. H., Zhang, Y. (., Castro, A. F., Feldman, H. I., Kusek, J. W., Eggers, P., Van Lente, F., Greene, T., et al. (2009) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-150-9-200905050-00006 · Cited by 25,603 · see citing works
Ahmed, A., Jorna, T., & Bhandari, S. (2016) · The Nephron journals/Nephron journals · doi:10.1159/000447068 · Cited by 11,782 · see citing works
Levey, A. S., Coresh, J., Bolton, K., Culleton, B. F., Harvey, K. S., Ikizler, T. A., Johnson, C. A., Kausz, A., Kimmel, P. L., Kusek, J. W., et al. (2002) · University of Groningen research database (University of Groningen / Centre for Information Technology) · Cited by 11,633 · see citing works
Chronic kidney disease and the risks of death, cardiovascular events, and hospitalization
Go, A. S., Chertow, G. M., Fan, D., McCulloch, C. E., & Hsu, C.-Y. (2004) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa041031 · Cited by 11,369 · see citing works
Grundy, S. M., Cleeman, J. I., Merz, C. N. B., Brewer, H. B., Clark, L. T., Hunninghake, D. B., Pasternak, R. C., Smith, S. C., & Stone, N. J. (2004) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.0000133317.49796.0e · Cited by 6,902 · see citing works
Prevalence of Chronic Kidney Disease in the United States
Coresh, J., Selvin, E., Stevens, L. A., Manzi, J., Kusek, J. W., Eggers, P., Van Lente, F., & Levey, A. S. (2007) · JAMA · doi:10.1001/jama.298.17.2038 · Cited by 4,895 · see citing works
Levey, A., Eckardt, K., Tsukamoto, Y., Levin, A., Coresh, J., Rossert, J., de Zeeuw, D., Hostetter, T., Lameire, N., & Eknoyan, G. (2005) · Kidney International · doi:10.1111/j.1523-1755.2005.00365.x · Cited by 3,963 · see citing works
Sarnak, M. J., Levey, A. S., Schoolwerth, A. C., Coresh, J., Culleton, B., Hamm, L. L., McCullough, P. A., Kasiske, B. L., Kelepouris, E., Klag, M. J., et al. (2003) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.0000095676.90936.80 · Cited by 3,768 · see citing works
(2012) · Kidney International Supplements · doi:10.1038/kisup.2012.73 · Cited by 3,247 · see citing works
Atorvastatin in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus undergoing hemodialysis
Wanner, C., Krane, V., März, W., Olschewski, M., Mann, J. F. E., Ruf, G., & Ritz, E. (2005) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa043545 · Cited by 2,614 · see citing works
Andrássy, K. (2013) · Kidney International · doi:10.1038/ki.2013.243 · Cited by 2,495 · see citing works
Baigent, C., Landray, M. J., Reith, C., Emberson, J., Wheeler, D. C., Tomson, C., Wanner, C., Krane, V., Cass, A., Craig, J., et al. (2011) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(11)60739-3 · Cited by 2,479 · see citing works
Smith, S. C., Allen, J. K., Blair, S. N., Bonow, R. O., Brass, L. M., Fonarow, G. C., Grundy, S. M., Hiratzka, L. F., Jones, D. W., Krumholz, H. M., et al. (2006) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.106.174516 · Cited by 2,088 · see citing works
Rosuvastatin and Cardiovascular Events in Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis
Fellström, B. C., Jardine, A. G., Schmieder, R. E., Holdaas, H., Bannister, K., Beutler, J., Chae, D.-W., Chevaile, A., Cobbe, S. M., Grönhagen-Riska, C., et al. (2009) · New England Journal of Medicine · doi:10.1056/nejmoa0810177 · Cited by 2,036 · see citing works
Plasma aldosterone regulation in anephric man
Walker, W. G., & Cooke, C. R. (1973) · Kidney International · doi:10.1038/ki.1973.1 · Cited by 1,848 · see citing works
(2007) · American Journal of Kidney Diseases · doi:10.1053/j.ajkd.2006.12.005 · Cited by 1,788 · see citing works
Keith, D. S., Nichols, G. A., Gullion, C. M., Brown, J. B., & Smith, D. H. (2004) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinte.164.6.659 · Cited by 1,680 · see citing works
Chronic Kidney Disease and Mortality Risk
Tonelli, M. A., Wiebe, N., Culleton, B. F., House, A. A., Rabbat, C., Fok, M. N., McAlister, F. A., & Garg, A. X. (2006) · Journal of the American Society of Nephrology · doi:10.1681/asn.2005101085 · Cited by 1,655 · see citing works
Mann, J. F. E., Gerstein, H. C., Pogue, J., Bosch, J., Yusuf, S., & for the HOPE Investigators (2001) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-134-8-200104170-00007 · Cited by 1,372 · see citing works
(2004) · American Journal of Kidney Diseases · doi:10.1053/j.ajkd.2004.03.003 · Cited by 1,235 · see citing works
Levey, A. S., Beto, J. A., Coronado, B., Eknoyan, G., Rn, F., Kasiske, B. L., Klag, M. J., Mailloux, L., Manske, C., Kb, M., et al. (1998) · American Journal of Kidney Diseases · doi:10.1016/s0272-6386(98)70145-3 · Cited by 944 · see citing works
Holdaas, H., Fellström, B., Jardine, A. G., Holme, I., Nyberg, G., Fauchald, P., Grönhagen-Riska, C., Madsen, S., Neumayer, H.-H., Cole, E., et al. (2003) · The Lancet · doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(03)13638-0 · Cited by 919 · see citing works
Cardiovascular disease and chronic renal disease: A new paradigm
Sarnak, M. J., & Levey, A. S. (2000) · American Journal of Kidney Diseases · doi:10.1016/s0272-6386(00)70239-3 · Cited by 581 · see citing works
(2004) · PubMed · Cited by 453 · see citing works
Strippoli, G. F., Navaneethan, S. D., Johnson, D. W., Perkovic, V., Pellegrini, F., Nicolucci, A., & Craig, J. C. (2008) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.39472.580984.ae · Cited by 401 · see citing works
Effect of Pravastatin on Cardiovascular Events in People With Chronic Kidney Disease
Tonelli, M. A., Isles, C., Curhan, G. C., Tonkin, A. M., Pfeffer, M. A., Shepherd, J., Sacks, F. M., Furberg, C. D., Cobbe, S. M., Simes, J. R., et al. (2004) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/01.cir.0000143892.84582.60 · Cited by 380 · see citing works
Chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular disease in the Medicare population
Collins, A. J., Li, S., Gilbertson, D. T., Liu, J., Chen, S., & Herzog, C. A. (2003) · Kidney International · doi:10.1046/j.1523-1755.64.s87.5.x · Cited by 345 · see citing works
HMG CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) for people with chronic kidney disease not requiring dialysis
Palmer, S. C., Navaneethan, S. D., Craig, J. C., Johnson, D. W., Perkovic, V., Hegbrant, J., & Strippoli, G. F. (2014) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd007784.pub2 · Cited by 333 · see citing works
Matsushita, K., Selvin, E., Bash, L. D., Astor, B. C., & Coresh, J. (2010) · American Journal of Kidney Diseases · doi:10.1053/j.ajkd.2009.12.016 · Cited by 307 · see citing works
Shepherd, J., Kastelein, J. J. P., Bittner, V., Deedwania, P., Breazna, A., Dobson, S., Wilson, D. J., Zuckerman, A., & Wenger, N. K. (2008) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2007.11.072 · Cited by 302 · see citing works
Hyperlipidemia in patients with chronic renal disease
Kasiske, B. L. (1998) · American Journal of Kidney Diseases · doi:10.1053/ajkd.1998.v32.pm9820472 · Cited by 283 · see citing works
Tonelli, M., Moy, L., Sacks, F. M., Kiberd, B., Curhan, G., & for the Cholesterol and Recurrent Events (CARE) Trial Investigators (2003) · Annals of Internal Medicine · doi:10.7326/0003-4819-138-2-200301210-00010 · Cited by 278 · see citing works
Shepherd, J., Kastelein, J. J. P., Bittner, V., Deedwania, P., Breazna, A., Dobson, S., Wilson, D. J., Zuckerman, A., & Wenger, N. K. (2007) · Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology · doi:10.2215/cjn.04371206 · Cited by 275 · see citing works
Eckardt, K., Berns, J. S., Rocco, M. V., & Kasiske, B. L. (2009) · American Journal of Kidney Diseases · doi:10.1053/j.ajkd.2009.04.001 · Cited by 236 · see citing works
Ridker, P. M., MacFadyen, J. G., Cressman, M. D., & Glynn, R. J. (2010) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2010.01.020 · Cited by 219 · see citing works
Treatment blood pressure targets for hypertension
Arguedas, J. A., Perez, M. I., & Wright, J. M. (2009) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd004349.pub2 · Cited by 203 · see citing works
Effect of Pravastatin on Rate of Kidney Function Loss in People With or at Risk for Coronary Disease
Tonelli, M. A., Isles, C., Craven, T. E., Tonkin, A., Pfeffer, M. A., Shepherd, J., Sacks, F. M., Furberg, C. D., Cobbe, S. M., Simes, J. R., et al. (2005) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/circulationaha.104.517565 · Cited by 196 · see citing works
Smith, D. H., Gullion, C. M., Nichols, G. A., Keith, D. S., & Brown, J. B. (2004) · Journal of the American Society of Nephrology · doi:10.1097/01.asn.0000125670.64996.bb · Cited by 187 · see citing works
K/DOQI clinical practice guidelines for management of dyslipidemias in patients with kidney disease.
(2003) · PubMed · Cited by 187 · see citing works
Brantsma, A. H., Bakker, S. J. L., Hillege, H. L., de Zeeuw, D., de Jong, P. E., Gansevoort, R. T., & for the PREVEND Study Group (2008) · Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation · doi:10.1093/ndt/gfn356 · Cited by 173 · see citing works
Hypertension in patients with chronic renal disease
Mailloux, L., & Levey, A. S. (1998) · American Journal of Kidney Diseases · doi:10.1053/ajkd.1998.v32.pm9820471 · Cited by 140 · see citing works
Stevens, L. A., Li, S., Tamura, M. K., Chen, S., Vassalotti, J. A., Norris, K. C., Whaley‐Connell, A. T., Bakris, G. L., & McCullough, P. A. (2011) · American Journal of Kidney Diseases · doi:10.1053/j.ajkd.2010.11.007 · Cited by 137 · see citing works
Focused Atorvastatin Therapy in Managed-Care Patients With Coronary Heart Disease and CKD
Koren, M. J., Davidson, M. H., Wilson, D. J., Fayyad, R. S., Zuckerman, A., & Reed, D. P. (2009) · American Journal of Kidney Diseases · doi:10.1053/j.ajkd.2008.11.025 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
HMG CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) for people with chronic kidney disease not requiring dialysis
Navaneethan, S. D., Pansini, F., Perkovic, V., Manno, C., Pellegrini, F., Johnson, D. W., Craig, J. C., & Strippoli, G. F. (2009) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd007784 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Pahor, M., Shorr, R. I., Somes, G. W., Cushman, W. C., Ferrucci, L., Bailey, J. E., Elam, J. T., & Applegate, W. B. (1998) · Archives of Internal Medicine · doi:10.1001/archinte.158.12.1340 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
The KDOQI 2002 classification of chronic kidney disease: for whom the bell tolls
Hallan, S. I., & Orth, S. R. (2010) · Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation · doi:10.1093/ndt/gfq370 · Cited by 42 · see citing works
A Review of the Costs and Cost Effectiveness of Interventions in Chronic Kidney Disease
Menzin, J., Lines, L. M., Weiner, D. E., Neumann, P. J., Nichols, C. I., Rodriguez, L., Agodoa, I., & Mayne, T. J. (2011) · PharmacoEconomics · doi:10.2165/11588390-000000000-00000 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Vidt, D. G., Ridker, P. M., Monyak, J. T., Schreiber, M. J., & Cressman, M. D. (2011) · Clinical Therapeutics · doi:10.1016/j.clinthera.2011.05.004 · Cited by 36 · see citing works
Flagged first, then by citations
1 of the 52 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Heart Disease and Stroke Statistics—2016 Update: A Report From the American Heart Association
Mozaffarian, D., Benjamin, E. J., Go, A. S., Arnett, D. K., Blaha, M. J., Cushman, M., Das, S. R., de Ferranti, S., Després, J.-P., Fullerton, H. J., et al. (2016) · Circulation · doi:10.1161/cir.0000000000000350 · Cited by 6,596 · see citing works
Carey, R. M., Calhoun, D. A., Bakris, G. L., Brook, R. D., Daugherty, S. L., Dennison-Himmelfarb, C. R., Egan, B. M., Flack, J. M., Gidding, S. S., Judd, E., et al. (2018) · Hypertension · doi:10.1161/hyp.0000000000000084 · Cited by 1,153 · see citing works
AKI on CKD: heightened injury, suppressed repair, and the underlying mechanisms
He, L., Wei, Q., Liu, J., Yi, M., Liu, Y., Liu, H., Sun, L., Peng, Y., Liu, F., Venkatachalam, M. A., et al. (2017) · Kidney International · doi:10.1016/j.kint.2017.06.030 · Cited by 450 · see citing works
The cardio-renal-metabolic connection: a review of the evidence
Marassi, M., & Fadini, G. P. (2023) · Cardiovascular Diabetology · doi:10.1186/s12933-023-01937-x · Cited by 386 · see citing works
The Role of Inflammation in CKD
Kadatane, S., Satariano, M., Massey, M., Mongan, K., & Raina, R. (2023) · Cells · doi:10.3390/cells12121581 · Cited by 350 · see citing works
Go, A. S., Bauman, M. A., Coleman King, S. M., Fonarow, G. C., Lawrence, W., Williams, K. A., & Sanchez, E. (2014) · Hypertension · doi:10.1161/hyp.0000000000000003 · Cited by 306 · see citing works
Titze, S., Schmid, M., Kottgen, A., Busch, M., Floege, J., Wanner, C., Kronenberg, F., Eckardt, K., for the GCKD study investigators, for the GCKD study investigators, et al. (2014) · Nephrology Dialysis Transplantation · doi:10.1093/ndt/gfu294 · Cited by 202 · see citing works
An Effective Approach to High Blood Pressure Control
Go, A. S., Bauman, M. A., King, S. M. C., Fonarow, G. C., Lawrence, W., Williams, K. A., Sr., & Sánchez, E. (2013) · Journal of the American College of Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.jacc.2013.11.007 · Cited by 189 · see citing works
Impaired β-Oxidation and Altered Complex Lipid Fatty Acid Partitioning with Advancing CKD
Afshinnia, F., Rajendiran, T. M., Soni, T., Byun, J., Wernisch, S., Sas, K. M., Hawkins, J. J., Bellovich, K. A., Gipson, D., Michailidis, G. C., et al. (2017) · Journal of the American Society of Nephrology · doi:10.1681/asn.2017030350 · Cited by 187 · see citing works
A Klotho-derived peptide protects against kidney fibrosis by targeting TGF-β signaling
Yuan, Q., Ren, Q., Li, L., Tan, H., Lu, M., Tian, Y., Huang, L., Zhao, B., Fu, H., Hou, F. F., et al. (2022) · Nature Communications · doi:10.1038/s41467-022-28096-z · Cited by 159 · see citing works
Cardiovascular Disease in Diabetes and Chronic Kidney Disease
Swamy, S., Noor, S. M., & Mathew, R. O. (2023) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm12226984 · Cited by 83 · see citing works
Jovanovich, A. J., Isakova, T., Block, G. A., Stubbs, J. R., Smits, G., Chonchol, M., & Miyazaki, M. (2017) · American Journal of Kidney Diseases · doi:10.1053/j.ajkd.2017.06.017 · Cited by 82 · see citing works
Prevalence and Correlates of CKD in Hispanics/Latinos in the United States
Ricardo, A. C., Flessner, M. F., Eckfeldt, J. H., Eggers, P. W., Franceschini, N., Go, A. S., Gotman, N., Kramer, H., Kusek, J. W., Loehr, L. R., et al. (2015) · Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology · doi:10.2215/cjn.02020215 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Microbiome and Cardiovascular Disease in CKD
Jovanovich, A. J., Isakova, T., & Stubbs, J. R. (2018) · Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology · doi:10.2215/cjn.12691117 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Outcomes of Liver Transplantation Alone After Listing for Simultaneous Kidney
Hmoud, B., Kuo, Y., Wiesner, R. H., & Singal, A. K. (2014) · Transplantation · doi:10.1097/tp.0000000000000438 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Cardiovascular disease and chronic kidney disease
Gargiulo, R., Suhail, F., & Lerma, E. V. (2015) · Disease-a-Month · doi:10.1016/j.disamonth.2015.07.005 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Trends in Quality of Care for Patients with CKD in the United States
Tummalapalli, S. L., Powe, N. R., & Keyhani, S. (2019) · Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology · doi:10.2215/cjn.00060119 · Cited by 54 · see citing works
Special situations: Intradialytic hypertension/chronic hypertension and intradialytic hypotension
Buren, P. N. V., & Inrig, J. K. (2017) · Seminars in Dialysis · doi:10.1111/sdi.12631 · Cited by 51 · see citing works
Preimplantation Genetic Testing for Monogenic Kidney Disease
Snoek, R., Stokman, M. F., Lichtenbelt, K. D., van Tilborg, T. C., Simcox, C. E., Paulussen, A. D. C., Dreesen, J. C. F. M., van Reekum, F. E., Lely, A. T., Knoers, N. V. A. M., et al. (2020) · Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology · doi:10.2215/cjn.03550320 · Cited by 49 · see citing works
Managing Diabetes and Cardiovascular Risk in Chronic Kidney Disease Patients
Lovre, D., Shah, S., Sihota, A., & Fonseca, V. A. (2017) · Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.ecl.2017.10.006 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Bakris, G. L., YANG, Y. F. F., & Pitt, B. (2020) · Hypertension · doi:10.1161/hypertensionaha.120.15199 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Trends in Statin Use Among US Adults With Chronic Kidney Disease, 1999–2014
Mefford, M. T., Rosenson, R. S., Deng, L., Tanner, R. M., Bittner, V., Safford, M. M., Coll, B., Mues, K. E., Monda, K. L., & Muntner, P. (2019) · Journal of the American Heart Association · doi:10.1161/jaha.118.010640 · Cited by 41 · see citing works
Lipid Management in Chronic Kidney Disease: Systematic Review of PCSK9 Targeting
Zheng-Lin, B., & Ortíz, A. (2018) · Drugs · doi:10.1007/s40265-017-0858-2 · Cited by 39 · see citing works
Nash, D. M., Brimble, S., Markle‐Reid, M., McArthur, E., Tu, K., NESRALLAH, G. E., Grill, A. K., & Garg, A. X. (2017) · Canadian Journal of Kidney Health and Disease · doi:10.1177/2054358117703059 · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Novel aspects of PCSK9 and lipoprotein receptors in renal disease-related dyslipidemia
Shrestha, P., van de Sluis, B., Dullaart, R. P. F., & van den Born, J. (2018) · Cellular Signalling · doi:10.1016/j.cellsig.2018.12.001 · Cited by 33 · see citing works
Sodium Intake and Blood Pressure in Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease: A Salty Relationship
Nerbass, F. B., Cálice-Silva, V., & Pecoits‐Filho, R. (2018) · Blood Purification · doi:10.1159/000485154 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Chronic kidney disease detection, staging and treatment in cardiovascular disease prevention
Lamprea-Montealegre, J. A., Shlipak, M. G., & Estrella, M. M. (2021) · Heart · doi:10.1136/heartjnl-2020-318004 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Nerbass, F. B., Pecoits‐Filho, R., McIntyre, N. J., McIntyre, C. W., & Taal, M. W. (2014) · Nephron Clinical Practice · doi:10.1159/000363297 · Cited by 27 · see citing works
Air contamination during hemodialysis should be minimized
Stegmayr, B. G. (2016) · Hemodialysis International · doi:10.1111/hdi.12474 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Kosugi, T., Eriguchi, M., Yoshida, H., Tasaki, H., Fukata, F., Nishimoto, M., Matsui, M., Samejima, K., Iseki, K., Fujimoto, S., et al. (2021) · Atherosclerosis · doi:10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2021.08.004 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Heart Failure in a Cohort of Patients with Chronic Kidney Disease: The GCKD Study
Beck, H., Titze, S. I., Hübner, S., Busch, M., Schlieper, G., Schultheiß, U. T., Wanner, C., Kronenberg, F., Krane, V., Eckardt, K., et al. (2015) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0122552 · Cited by 26 · see citing works
Cardiovascular Risk and Its Presentation in Chronic Kidney Disease
Schunk, S. J., & Zimmermann, P. (2025) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm14134567 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Hypertension Control and Antihypertensive Therapy in Patients With Chronic Kidney Disease
Unni, S. K., White, K., Goodman, M. J., Ye, X., Mavros, P., Bash, L. D., & Brixner, D. L. (2014) · American Journal of Hypertension · doi:10.1093/ajh/hpu215 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Mineral Bone Disorders in Chronic Kidney Disease
Kendrick, J., Jovanovich, A. J., & Moe, S. M. (2018) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-323-52978-5.00010-0 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Statins Have an Anti‐Inflammation in CKD Patients: A Meta‐Analysis of Randomized Trials
Wang, J., Chen, Z., Qiu, Y., Wu, L., Wang, H., Wu, L., Zhao, L., & Xie, D. (2022) · BioMed Research International · doi:10.1155/2022/4842699 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Bruckert, É., & Ferrières, J. (2014) · Archives of cardiovascular diseases · doi:10.1016/j.acvd.2014.01.011 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Bakhshayeshkaram, M., Roozbeh, J., Heydari, S. T., Honarvar, B., Dabbaghmanesh, M. H., Ghoreyshi, M., & Lankarani, K. B. (2019) · Galen Medical Journal · doi:10.31661/gmj.v0i0.935 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Chen, S., Teh, M., Huang, J., Wu, P.-Y., Chen, C., Tsai, Y., Chiu, Y., Chang, J., & Chen, H. (2019) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-019-41841-7 · Cited by 18 · see citing works
Abnormalities associated with progressive aortic vascular dysfunction in chronic kidney disease
Ameer, O. Z., Boyd, R. A., Butlin, M., Avolio, A. P., & Phillips, J. K. (2015) · Frontiers in Physiology · doi:10.3389/fphys.2015.00150 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Proceedings from Duke Resistant Hypertension Think Tank
Vemulapalli, S., Ard, J. D., Bakris, G. L., Bhatt, D. L., Brown, A. S., Cushman, W. C., Ferdinand, K. C., Flack, J. M., Fleg, J. L., Katzen, B. T., et al. (2014) · American Heart Journal · doi:10.1016/j.ahj.2014.02.008 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Kitamura, H., Tanaka, S., Hiyamuta, H., Shimamoto, S., Tsuruya, K., Nakano, T., & Kitazono, T. (2022) · Journal of Atherosclerosis and Thrombosis · doi:10.5551/jat.63891 · Cited by 15 · see citing works
Wu-Wong, J. R., Chen, Y., & Wessale, J. L. (2014) · American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajprenal.00129.2014 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Stepanova, N. (2024) · Biomedicines · doi:10.3390/biomedicines12102377 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Evaluation and Treatment of Hypertension in End-Stage Renal Disease Patients on Hemodialysis
Buren, P. N. V. (2016) · Current Cardiology Reports · doi:10.1007/s11886-016-0805-y · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Su, W., Wu, P.-Y., Huang, J., Chen, S., & Chang, J. (2020) · International Journal of Medical Sciences · doi:10.7150/ijms.45470 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Hof, A., Geißen, S., Singgih, K., Mollenhauer, M., Winkels, H., Benzing, T. R., Baldus, S. E., & Hoyer, F. F. (2022) · Basic Research in Cardiology · doi:10.1007/s00395-022-00945-4 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Osadnik, T., Wasilewski, J. P., Lekston, A., Strzelczyk, J. K., Kurek, A., Gutowski, A. R., Dyrbuś, K., Bujak, K., Reguła, R., Rozentryt, P., et al. (2014) · Clinical Research in Cardiology · doi:10.1007/s00392-014-0687-1 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Lu, Y., Sun, Y., Saaoud, F., Xu, K., Shao, Y., Han, B., Jiang, X., Martinez, L., Vázquez-Padrón, R. I., Mohsin, S., et al. (2025) · Redox Biology · doi:10.1016/j.redox.2025.103724 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Fontes, B. C., dos Anjos, J. S., Black, A. P., Moreira, N. X., & Mafra, D. (2018) · Brazilian Journal of Nephrology · doi:10.1590/2175-8239-jbn-3842 · Cited by 11 · see citing works
Shaheen, F. M., Kurpad, R., Al-Sayyari, A., Souqiyyeh, M., Aljubori, H. M., Baz, T. E., Kashif, W. U., Tuganbekovа, S., Kabulbayev, K., Jarraya, F., et al. (2016) · Saudi Journal of Kidney Diseases and Transplantation · doi:10.4103/1319-2442.178266 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Nash, D. M., Ivers, N. M., Young, J., Jaakkimainen, R. L., Garg, A. X., & Tu, K. (2017) · Canadian Journal of Kidney Health and Disease · doi:10.1177/2054358117699833 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Naim, M. A. A. Z., Sumida, K., Streja, E., Thomas, F., Davis, R. L., Kalantar‐Zadeh, K., & Kovesdy, C. P. (2026) · Drugs · doi:10.1007/s40265-025-02275-w · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Do patients with chronic kidney disease get optimal cardiovascular risk reduction?
Elliott, M. K., McCaughan, J. A., & Fogarty, D. G. (2014) · Current Opinion in Nephrology & Hypertension · doi:10.1097/01.mnh.0000444913.78536.b1 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Volpe, M., Mastromarino, V., & Battistoni, A. (2015) · American Journal of Cardiovascular Drugs · doi:10.1007/s40256-015-0114-7 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Yakdan, S. M., Rahhal, N., Chaar, S. A., Alhaddad, J. B., Akoum, M. A., Chahine, Y., Najem, R. N., & Chahine, M. N. (2025) · International Journal of Nephrology · doi:10.1155/ijne/1427467 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Jara, M., Sidovar, M. F., & Henney, H. R. (2014) · Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management · doi:10.2147/tcrm.s75837 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Zhang, S., Li, Z.-F., Shi, H.-W., Zhang, W., Sui, Y., Li, J., Dou, K., Qian, J., & Wu, N. (2022) · Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine · doi:10.3389/fcvm.2022.859567 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Wang, Y., Lee, Y., Lee, W., Ng, H., Wu, C., & Lee, C. (2018) · International Journal for Quality in Health Care · doi:10.1093/intqhc/mzy161 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Liu, A., Liu, A., Qian, A., Feng, W., Yang, J., Xue, T., Zhao, Z., Zhou, S., Zhao, A. Z., Mu, Y., et al. (2025) · European Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2025.178388 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Pakhrin, S., Shrestha, S., Karki, R., Marasine, N. R., Lama, R., & Pokhrel, M. (2020) · Europasian Journal of Medical Sciences · doi:10.46405/ejms.v2i1.39 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Akshay Kumar, M., Mantan, M., & Mahajan, B. (2023) · Pediatric Nephrology · doi:10.1007/s00467-023-06144-0 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Changsirikulchai, S., Sangthawan, P., Janma, J., Sripaiboonkij, N., Rattanamongkolgul, S., & Thinkhamrop, B. (2016) · Nephrology · doi:10.1111/nep.12922 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Nouraei, H., Leiter, L. A., Tan, M., Langer, A., Teoh, H., CHENG, A. Y. Y., Wald, R., Connelly, K. A., Goodman, S. G., & Yan, A. T.-K. (2021) · Canadian Journal of Diabetes · doi:10.1016/j.jcjd.2021.02.003 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Vogt, L., Davidson, M. H., Szarek, M. J., Kling, D., Dicklin, M. R., Curcio, D., Ditmarsch, M., Hsieh, A., Wicks, D. L., Ortiz, N., et al. (2026) · American Journal of Preventive Cardiology · doi:10.1016/j.ajpc.2026.101532 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Miller, A., Brown, L., Tamu, C., & Cairns, A. (2023) · BMC Health Services Research · doi:10.1186/s12913-023-09887-6 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Patel, M. J., Emerenini, C., Wang, X., Bottiglieri, T., & Kitzman, H. E. (2024) · Metabolites · doi:10.3390/metabo14060300 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Dyslipidaemia in patients with chronic kidney disease – a neglected cardiovascular risk factor
Essop, M. R., Seedat, F., & Raal, F. J. (2023) · South African Medical Journal · doi:10.7196/samj.2023.v113i11.1089 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Late Presentation for Kidney Biopsy: Clinical Presentations and Laboratory Findings
Mohammed, E., Salmi, I. A., Atris, A., Ghonaim, M. A., Ramaiah, S., & Hannawi, S. (2022) · Saudi Journal of Kidney Diseases and Transplantation · doi:10.4103/1319-2442.385961 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Fstkchian, A. K., Lowe, R. N., & Saseen, J. J. (2025) · Journal of the American Pharmacists Association · doi:10.1016/j.japh.2025.102395 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Management of dyslipidemia in chronic kidney disease
Singh, P. P., Krishna, A., & Kumar, O. (2021) · Journal of Indira Gandhi Institute Of Medical Sciences · doi:10.4103/jigims.jigims_6_20 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Nonatherosclerotic Vascular Abnormalities Associated with Chronic Kidney Disease
Mohandas, R., Chamarthi, G., & Segal, M. S. (2021) · Cardiology Clinics · doi:10.1016/j.ccl.2021.04.012 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Zhang, T., & Fu, B. (2013) · Journal of Hypertension · doi:10.1097/hjh.0b013e3283659ff6 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Manolis, A. J. (2020) · Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature · doi:10.3410/f.734299250.793571584 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Differential Impact of Dyslipidemia on Chronic Kidney Disease between Men and WomenPreprint
Dalal, J. (2022) · medRxiv · doi:10.1101/2022.06.22.22276767 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Jain, P. (2015) · University of Birmingham Institutional Research Archive (University of Birmingham)
The Interdisciplinary Chronic Kidney Disease Clinic
Bauer, C. A., Yee, J., & Campbell, R. C. (2014) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-411602-3.00048-2
Williams, K. A., Sr., Sánchez, E., Go, A. S., Bauman, M. L., King, S. M. C., Fonarow, G. C., & Lawrence, W. (2013)
Statins for All Patients with Hypertension—It is still not Prime Time!
Desai, N., & Venkatesh, C. R. (2016) · Hypertension Journal · doi:10.5005/jp-journals-10043-0029
Cardiovascular risk factors in chronic renal failure patient at Soavinandriana Hospital Antananarivo
Randimbinirina, Z. L., Randrianandrianina, H. F., Rajaobelison, T., Rakotoarisoa, J. C. A., & Ravalisoa, A. M. L. (2020) · International Journal of Research in Medical Sciences · doi:10.18203/2320-6012.ijrms20202906
Clinical biobanking and the distinguishing risk of progressive chronic kidney disease study
Owens, E. P. (2021) · The University of Queensland · doi:10.14264/9afbe89
PURNAMASARI, A., Rasyid, H., Bakri, S., Tandean, P., Saleh, K., Umar, H., & SEWENG, A. (2024) · Gazzetta Medica Italiana Archivio per le Scienze Mediche · doi:10.23736/s0393-3660.23.05107-0
Chronic Kidney Disease and Cardiovascular Outcomes
Colbert, G. B., Gaur, L., Elrggal, M. E., Madariaga, H. M., & Lerma, E. V. (2024) · Contemporary cardiology · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-54960-1_16
Abdullah, K., Elsharkawy, M. M., Issak, E. R., ElSerafy, A. S., Idris, S., Bendary, A., Badr, H. R., Shehata, M., & Reda, A. (2024) · International Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.4236/ijcm.2024.159026
Naim, M. A. A. Z., Thomas, F., Streja, E., Davis, R. L., Kalantar‐Zadeh, K., Sumida, K., & Kovesdy, C. P. (2026) · Clinical Journal of the American Society of Nephrology · doi:10.2215/cjn.0000001188
Cardiovascular Outcomes of Triglyceride-Targeting Lipid-Lowering Therapies in Patients with CKD
Naim, M. A. A. Z., Thomas, F., Streja, E., Davis, R. L., Kalantar‐Zadeh, K., Sumida, K., & Kovesdy, C. P. (2026) · Kidney International Reports · doi:10.1016/j.ekir.2026.107116
- Authors
- Kuznik, A., Mardekian, J., & Tarasenko, L.
- Affiliations
- Pfizer (United States) (US)
- Corresponding author
- Kuznik, Andreas
- Venue
- BMC Nephrology
- Published
- 2013-06-27
- Volume
- 14
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 132-132
- ISSN
- 1471-2369 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3701605
- OpenAlex
- W2148101484
- Cited by
- 86
- References
- 52
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 5 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 11 · 2013: 4
- FWCI
- 6.81
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- BMC Nephrology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Pfizer
- Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Nephrology › Chronic Kidney Disease and Diabetes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Blood Pressure and Hypertension Studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Nephrology › Dialysis and Renal Disease Management
- Keywords
- chronic kidney disease, cardiovascular disease burden, cardiovascular risk management, LDL cholesterol goal attainment, blood pressure goal attainment, lipid-lowering drugs, antihypertensive drugs, cardiovascular comorbidity, CKD stage, cardiovascular disease prevalence, NHANES, guideline adherence, hyperlipidemia, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, stroke, congestive heart failure, coronary artery disease, albuminuria
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Cardiovascular Diseases, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Goals, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Nutrition Surveys, United States, Treatment Outcome, Cost of Illness, Renal Insufficiency, Chronic
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
