Participation in physical play and leisure: developing a theory- and evidence-based intervention for children with motor impairments
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: Children with motor impairments (e.g. difficulties with motor control, muscle tone or balance) experience significant difficulties in participating in physical play and leisure. Current interventions are often poorly defined, lack explicit hypotheses about why or how they might work, and have insufficient evidence about effectiveness. This project will identify (i) the 'key ingredients' of an effective intervention to increase participation in physical play and leisure in children with motor impairments; and (ii) how these ingredients can be combined in a feasible and acceptable intervention. METHODS/DESIGN: The project draws on the WHO International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health and the UK Medical Research Council guidance for developing 'complex interventions'. There will be five steps: 1) identifying biomedical, personal and environmental factors proposed to predict children's participation in physical play and leisure; 2) developing an explicit model of the key predictors; 3) selecting intervention strategies to target the predictors, and specifying the pathways to change; 4) operationalising the strategies in a feasible and acceptable intervention; and 5) modelling the intervention processes and outcomes within single cases. DISCUSSION: The primary output from this project will be a detailed protocol for an intervention. The intervention, if subsequently found to be effective, will support children with motor difficulties to attain life-long well-being and participation in society. The project will also be an exemplar of methodology for a systematic development of non-drug interventions for children.
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The TDF was extended to be relevant to other areas in which changing behaviour is important such as changing patient behaviours.
“In addition to understanding health professional behaviour, the TDF was extended to be relevant to other areas in which changing behaviour is important such as changing patient behaviours.”
From A guide to using the Theoretical Domains Framework of behaviour change to investigate implementation problems (2017) · cites this paper as [17]
The Background describes integrating behavioural approaches with the ICF to improve children's participation, but does not say that the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF) was extended beyond health-professional behaviour. Searches for TDF, theoretical domains, and an extension to patient behaviour found no passage addressing that claim. No page numbers are available in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.72)
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- Authors
- Kolehmainen, N., Francis, J. J., Ramsay, C. R., Owen, C., McKee, L., Ketelaar, M., & Rosenbaum, P.
- Affiliations
- University of Aberdeen (GB)
- NHS Lothian (GB)
- University Medical Center Utrecht (NL)
- Corresponding author
- Kolehmainen, Niina
- Venue
- BMC Pediatrics
- Published
- 2011-11-07
- Volume
- 11
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 100-100
- ISSN
- 1471-2431 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC3219724
- OpenAlex
- W2111037365
- Cited by
- 43
- References
- 41
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 1 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 5 · 2015: 5 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 3 · 2012: 3
- FWCI
- 2.20
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- BMC Pediatrics (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- City Research Online (City University London) (acceptedVersion)
- Aberdeen University Research Archive (Aberdeen University) (submittedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- Minerva Access (University of Melbourne) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Newcastle University ePrints (Newcastle Univesity) (cc-by)
- Funders
- Scottish Government
- University of Aberdeen
- Medical Research Council
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Cerebral Palsy and Movement Disorders
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Children's Physical and Motor Development
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Inclusion and Disability in Education and Sport
- Keywords
- motor impairment, children, physical play, leisure participation, intervention development, complex interventions, International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health, predictors of participation, non-pharmacological treatment, feasibility and acceptability
- MeSH terms
- Child, Humans, Leisure Activities, Motor Activity, Occupational Therapy, Parents, Play and Playthings, Research Design, Motor Skills Disorders, Children with Disabilities, Disabled Children, Physical Therapy Modalities
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