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Self-reported racial discrimination, response to unfair treatment, and coronary calcification in asymptomatic adults - the North Texas Healthy Heart study
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: Accruing evidence supports the hypothesis that psychosocial factors are related to cardiovascular disease. However, a limited number of studies have investigated the pathophysiologic pathways through which these associations occur. The purpose of this study was to assess whether experiences of self-reported racial discrimination and reactions to unfair treatment were associated with coronary artery calcification (CAC), an indicator of subclinical coronary heart disease (CHD). METHODS: This cross-sectional study recruited 571 subjects (45 years and older) who were asymptomatic of CHD from Fort Worth, Texas from 2006 to 2008. Subjects completed a questionnaire, a multi-slice computed tomography scan to assess for CAC presence (measured as Agatston score >0), and serum chemistries. Logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for the association between self-reported discrimination and CAC. Results were stratified by response to unfair treatment as it was found to significantly modify the relationship between discrimination and CAC. RESULTS: Among those who passively responded to unfair treatment, the odds of having CAC present were approximately 3 times higher for those experiencing discrimination (OR, 2.95; 95% CI, 1.19-7.32) after adjusting for age, gender, race/ethnicity, education, body mass index, hyperlipidemia, smoking status, hypertension, diabetes, and first degree relative with heart disease. CONCLUSIONS: This is the first multi-racial/ethnic study to find racial discrimination associated with CAC, which differs based on how one responds to unfair treatment.
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Metadata
- Authors
- Cardarelli, R., Cardarelli, K. M., Fulda, K. G., Espinoza, A., Cage, C., Vishwanatha, J., Young, R., Steele, D. N., & Carroll, J.
- Affiliations
- University of North Texas Health Science Center (US)
- John Peter Smith Hospital (US)
- Corresponding author
- Cardarelli, Roberto
- ORCID
- Venue
- BMC Public Health
- Published
- 2010-05-27
- Volume
- 10
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 285-285
- ISSN
- 1471-2458 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC2887822
- OpenAlex
- W2129765655
- Cited by
- 36
- References
- 42
- Citations by year
- 2025: 4 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 1 · 2021: 2 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 4 · 2015: 6 · 2014: 1 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 2
- FWCI
- 6.22
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- BMC Public Health (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- University of North Texas
- National Institutes of Health
- National Center on Minority Health and Health Disparities
- National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (P20MD001633, P20MD006882)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Racial and Ethnic Identity Research
- Social Sciences › Health › Health disparities and outcomes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Cardiac Imaging and Diagnostics
- Keywords
- racial discrimination, coronary artery calcification, psychosocial stress, passive coping, cardiovascular risk, asymptomatic adults, racial and ethnic disparities
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Black or African American, Calcinosis, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Hispanic or Latino, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Cardiomyopathies, Prejudice, Regression Analysis, Texas, Tomography, X-Ray Computed, Odds Ratio, White People
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