Chronic infection during placental malaria is associated with up-regulation of cycloxygenase-2
Open accessAbstract
Background: Placental malaria (PM) is associated with poor foetal development, but the pathophysiological processes involved are poorly understood. Cyclooxygenase (COX) and lipoxygenase (LOX) which convert fatty acids to prostaglandins and leukotrienes, play important roles in pregnancy and foetal development. COX-2, currently targeted by specific drugs, plays a dual role as it associates with both pre-eclampsia pathology and recovery during infection. The role of COX during PM was questioned by quantifying at delivery COX-1, COX-2, 15-LOX, and IL-10 expression in two groups of malaria infected and uninfected placenta. Methods: Placental biopsies were collected at delivery for mRNA isolation and quantification, using real time PCR. Results: COX-2 and IL-10 mRNAs increased mainly during chronic infections (nine- and five-times, respectively), whereas COX-1 transcripts remained constant. COX-2 over-expression was associated with a higher birth weight of the baby, but with a lower rate of haemoglobin of the mother. It was associated with a macrophage infiltration of the placenta and with a low haemozoin infiltration. In the opposite way, placental infection was associated with lower expression of 15-LOX mRNA. A high degree of haemozoin deposition correlates with low birth weight and decreased expression of COX-2. Conclusion: These data provide evidence that COX-2 and IL-10 are highly induced during chronic infection of the placenta, but were not associated with preterm delivery or low birth weight. The data support the involvement of COX-2 in the recovery phase of the placental infection.
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Malaria-associated placental changes have been described for stable and unstable transmission settings.
“Malaria-associated placental changes have been described for stable72,80 and unstable transmission settings.73,81”
From Malaria in pregnancy. (2013) · cites this paper as [72]
The Discussion describes the study area as having a low malaria transmission rate, and the Results report malaria-associated changes in placental cells and gene expression. Our copy does not identify that setting as having unstable transmission or study a stable-transmission setting, so it supports the placental-changes claim but not the full setting distinction. (LLM, conf=0.78)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredCytokine responses such as Th1, Th2, interleukins, TNF and regulators, IFN gamma, and monocytes have been observed in pregnant women with malaria.
“Besides the antibody responses to VSAPAM, cytokine responses such as Th1, Th2, interleukins, TNF and regulators, IFN gamma,70–72 and monocytes73 have been observed in pregnant women with malaria.”
From Malaria in pregnancy. (2013) · cites this paper as [72]
Few reports identified a relationship between hypoxia and placental malaria.
“In addition, few reports identified a relationship between hypoxia and placental malaria [12,13], although an association between hypoxia and intrauterine growth retardation was observed in preeclampsia [14].”
From Submicroscopic infection of placenta by Plasmodium produces Th1/Th2 cytokine imbalance, inflammation and hypoxia in women from north-west Colombia (2014) · cites this paper as [13]
In a study by Sarr et al., increased expression of COX-2 and IL-10 was detected in chronic placental malaria.
“In a study published by Sarr et al., increased expression of COX-2 and IL-10 in chronic placental malaria was detected, and COX-2 was associated with maternal anaemia, placental macrophage infiltration and haemozoin deposition [13].”
From Submicroscopic infection of placenta by Plasmodium produces Th1/Th2 cytokine imbalance, inflammation and hypoxia in women from north-west Colombia (2014) · cites this paper as [13]
COX-2 was associated with maternal anaemia, placental macrophage infiltration and haemozoin deposition in chronic placental malaria.
“In a study published by Sarr et al., increased expression of COX-2 and IL-10 in chronic placental malaria was detected, and COX-2 was associated with maternal anaemia, placental macrophage infiltration and haemozoin deposition [13].”
From Submicroscopic infection of placenta by Plasmodium produces Th1/Th2 cytokine imbalance, inflammation and hypoxia in women from north-west Colombia (2014) · cites this paper as [13]
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- Authors
- Sarr, D., Aldebert, D., Marrama, L., Frealle, E., Gaye, A., Brahim, H. O., Niang, M., Dangou, J. M., Mercereau-Puijalon, O., Lehesran, J. Y., & Jambou, R.
- Affiliations
- Institut Pasteur de Dakar (SN)
- Institut Pasteur (FR)
- Corresponding author
- Jambou, Ronan
- ORCID
- Venue
- Malaria Journal
- Published
- 2010-02-09
- Volume
- 9
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 45-45
- ISSN
- 1475-2875 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC2831904
- OpenAlex
- W2087065720
- Cited by
- 22
- References
- 48
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 2 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 1 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 3 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 0.95
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Malaria Journal (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- HAL (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Malaria Research and Control
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Pregnancy and preeclampsia studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Preterm Birth and Chorioamnionitis
- Keywords
- placental malaria, cyclooxygenase-2, cyclooxygenase-1, 15-lipoxygenase, IL-10, placenta, birth weight, maternal hemoglobin, hemozoin, macrophage infiltration, fetal development, prostaglandins, leukotrienes
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Biopsy, Female, Humans, Immunohistochemistry, Infant, Low Birth Weight, Infant, Newborn, Inflammation, Placenta, Placenta Diseases, Pregnancy, Pregnancy Outcome, RNA, Messenger, Senegal, Pregnancy Complications, Parasitic, Up-Regulation, Case-Control Studies, Interleukin-10, Malaria, Falciparum, Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction, Cyclooxygenase 2, Young Adult
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