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Cited by 987RNA Research and SplicingRNA and protein synthesis mechanismsRNA modifications and cancer

Untranslated regions of mRNAs.

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Flavio Mignone, Carmela Gissi, Sabino Liuni, Graziano Pesole·2002·Genome biology
DOI 10.1186/gb-2002-3-3-reviews0004PMC PMC139023
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Abstract

Gene expression is finely regulated at the post-transcriptional level. Features of the untranslated regions of mRNAs that control their translation, degradation and localization include stem-loop structures, upstream initiation codons and open reading frames, internal ribosome entry sites and various cis-acting elements that are bound by RNA-binding proteins.

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  • Only 13% of human 5′ UTRs are shorter than 50 nt and thus covered by Optimus 5-Prime.

    “Because only 13% of human 5′ UTRs are shorter than 50 nt and thus covered by Optimus 5-Prime, we next asked whether the approach introduced here could be extended to longer 5′ UTRs.”

    From Human 5′ UTR design and variant effect prediction from a massively parallel translation assay (2019) · cites this paper as [44]

    The Structural features of untranslated regions section (page not available) says 5′ UTRs average 100–200 nucleotides and vary widely in length. It does not give the proportion of human 5′ UTRs shorter than 50 nucleotides or discuss coverage by Optimus 5-Prime. (LLM, conf=0.78)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • Human 5′ UTR sequences vary in length from tens to thousands of nucleotides with a median length of 218 nt.

    “Human 5′ UTR sequences vary in length from tens to thousands of nucleotides with a median length of 218 nt44,45.”

    From Human 5′ UTR design and variant effect prediction from a massively parallel translation assay (2019) · cites this paper as [44]

    The Structural features of untranslated regions section (page not available in our copy) says that 5′ UTR lengths vary within a species from about a dozen to a few thousand nucleotides, supporting the claimed range. It does not give a median of 218 nt for human 5′ UTRs; it reports an average of 100–200 nt across diverse taxonomic classes instead. (LLM, conf=0.87)

    Experimental — accuracy not yet measured

  • UTR structure is crucial for translation.

    “Besides coding region design, UTR structure is also crucial for translation28”

    From Algorithm for optimized mRNA design improves stability and immunogenicity (2023) · cites this paper as [28]

  • Sequence elements within the 3' and 5' noncoding regions of RNA have been characterized as important factors in regulating transcript stability, in ways that are not completely understood.

    “Sequence elements within the 3Ј and 5Ј noncoding regions of the RNA molecule have been characterized as important factors in regulating the stability of a transcript in ways that are not completely understood.32,33”

    From Modification of antigen-encoding RNA increases stability, translational efficacy, and T-cell stimulatory capacity of dendritic cells (2006) · cites this paper as [32]

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Cites

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Cited by

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Authors
Mignone, F., Gissi, C., Liuni, S., & Pesole, G.
Affiliations
  • University of Milan (IT)
  • University of Bari Aldo Moro (IT)
Corresponding author
Graziano Pesole
ORCID
Venue
Genome biology
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2002
Volume
3
Issue
3
Pages
reviews0004.1
ISSN
1465-6906 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1186/gb-2002-3-3-reviews0004
PMC
PMC139023
OpenAlex
W2144548050
Cited by
987
References
0
Citations by year
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FWCI
2.07
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Genome biology (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › RNA Research and Splicing
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › RNA and protein synthesis mechanisms
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › RNA modifications and cancer
Keywords
untranslated regions, mRNA, post-transcriptional regulation, translational regulation, mRNA degradation, mRNA localization, stem-loop structure, internal ribosome entry site, cis-regulatory elements, RNA-binding proteins
MeSH terms
Animals, Humans, Nucleic Acid Conformation, RNA Processing, Post-Transcriptional, RNA, Messenger, Protein Biosynthesis, Codon, Initiator, Untranslated Regions, RNA Stability

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