Genetics of the phenotypic evolution in sheep: a molecular look at diversity-driving genes
Open accessAbstract
Background: After domestication, the evolution of phenotypically-varied sheep breeds has generated rich biodiversity. This wide phenotypic variation arises as a result of hidden genomic changes that range from a single nucleotide to several thousands of nucleotides. Thus, it is of interest and significance to reveal and understand the genomic changes underlying the phenotypic variation of sheep breeds in order to drive selection towards economically important traits. Review: Various traits contribute to the emergence of variation in sheep phenotypic characteristics, including coat color, horns, tail, wool, ears, udder, vertebrae, among others. The genes that determine most of these phenotypic traits have been investigated, which has generated knowledge regarding the genetic determinism of several agriculturally-relevant traits in sheep. In this review, we discuss the genomic knowledge that has emerged in the past few decades regarding the phenotypic traits in sheep, and our ultimate aim is to encourage its practical application in sheep breeding. In addition, in order to expand the current understanding of the sheep genome, we shed light on research gaps that require further investigation. Conclusions: Although significant research efforts have been conducted in the past few decades, several aspects of the sheep genome remain unexplored. For the full utilization of the current knowledge of the sheep genome, a wide practical application is still required in order to boost sheep productive performance and contribute to the generation of improved sheep breeds. The accumulated knowledge on the sheep genome will help advance and strengthen sheep breeding programs to face future challenges in the sector, such as climate change, global human population growth, and the increasing demand for products of animal origin.
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Variants of keratin and keratin-associated protein genes have been shown to associate with wool quality and are potential selection markers for livestock improvements.
“Importantly, variants of these genes have been shown to associate with wool quality, and are potential selection markers for livestock improvements164–167.”
From Chromosomal-level reference genome assembly of muskox (Ovibos moschatus) from Banks Island in the Canadian Arctic, a resource for conservation genomics (2024) · cites this paper as [166]
The main text (§ Genetic aspects of other phenotypic traits; page unavailable) says KAP-family genes influence sheep wool quality, and the References list studies associating KAP and keratin-gene variants with wool traits. The main text discusses potential molecular markers for FGF5, but does not identify keratin or KAP variants as potential selection markers for livestock improvement. (LLM, conf=0.83)
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Self-citationFacial classification of five Huacaya alpaca biotypes using deep learningPreprint
Ticona, J., Quenaya, A., Mamani-Pari, D., & Maquera, G. (2026) · SSRN Electronic Journal · doi:10.2139/ssrn.7441892
Бакытбекович, С. Д., Orkara, S., Pokharel, K., Sandybayev, N. T., Khamzina, S., Ibragimov, P., & Хамзина, А. (2026) · Frontiers in Veterinary Science · doi:10.3389/fvets.2026.1936482
- Authors
- Kalds, P., Zhou, S., Gao, Y., Cai, B., Huang, S., Chen, Y., & Wang, X.
- Affiliations
- Arish University (EG)
- Northwest A&F University (CN)
- Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Chen, Yulin
- Wang, Xiaolong
- Venue
- Genetics Selection Evolution
- Published
- 2022-09-09
- Volume
- 54
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 61-61
- ISSN
- 0999-193X (ISSN-L)
- 1297-9686
- PMC
- PMC9463822
- OpenAlex
- W4295031434
- Cited by
- 85
- References
- 362
- Citations by year
- 2026: 15 · 2025: 25 · 2024: 24 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 1
- FWCI
- 2.73
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- Genetics Selection Evolution (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- HAL (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Funders
- Key Technologies Research and Development Program (2018YFD0502100)
- China Agriculture Research System (CARS-39-12)
- Local Grants (NXTS2018-001, 2018KJXX-009)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic and phenotypic traits in livestock
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic Mapping and Diversity in Plants and Animals
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Animal Genetics and Reproduction
- Keywords
- sheep, phenotypic variability, sheep breeds, coat color, wool traits, udder traits, ear traits, sheep genome, sheep breeding, domestication
- MeSH terms
- Domestication, Animals, Humans, Mammary Glands, Animal, Nucleotides, Phenotype, Sheep, Wool, Genomics
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