Interviewing children: the impact of the COVID-19 quarantine on children’s perceived psychological distress and changes in routine
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 outbreak has resulted in governments implementing disease containment measures such as school closures, social distancing, and home quarantine. To date, only a few studies have drawn attention to the psychological impact of lockdown on Italian children's mental health. The present study aimed to investigate the psychological distress (anxiety and mood symptoms) and perceived changes in routine among Italian primary and middle school students during the COVID-19 quarantine. METHODS: This interview study was performed between the 18th of May and 7th of June 2020: it involved a sample of 82 children and adolescents living in Milan (Italy), attending primary and middle school (aged 6 to 14 years), and their parents. RESULTS: Almost 30 % of the subjects reported having struggled to adjust to home learning. 36 responders completely changed their dietary habits during the lockdown: they were not eating the same amount of food and were consuming more junk food. Sleep habits were also affected by the lockdown measures: 28 % of the sample had difficulties sleeping and wished to sleep in their parents' bed. Concerning psychological distress, 64 (78 %) children and adolescents had anxiety symptoms; 43.9 % of the students reported significant mood symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Children are not indifferent to the dramatic impact of the COVID-19 epidemic: our data confirm their difficulties in adapting to the quarantine measures. The effects of stress exposure may not manifest later on during the children's development, and, for this reason, it would be interesting to follow up on these participants to improve our understanding of how long these outcomes may last.
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The reliance on distance learning, resulting in reduced social interaction and changes to the home environment, have contributed to the impact of quarantine measures in general on emotional, social, and behavioural outcomes in both children and young people.
“The reliance on distance learning, resulting in reduced social interaction and changes to the home environment, have contributed to the impact of quarantine measures in general on emotional, social, and behavioural outcomes in both children and young people [29, 30].”
From Facilitators and barriers to social distancing for young people during the COVID-19 pandemic (2022) · cites this paper as [29]
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- Authors
- Segre, G., Campi, R., Scarpellini, F., Clavenna, A., Zanetti, M., Cartabia, M., & Bonati, M.
- Affiliations
- Mario Negri Institute for Pharmacological Research (IT)
- Corresponding author
- Bonati, M.
- Venue
- BMC Pediatrics
- Published
- 2021-05-13
- Volume
- 21
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 231-231
- ISSN
- 1471-2431 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC8116644
- OpenAlex
- W3160905061
- Cited by
- 106
- References
- 27
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 22 · 2023: 30 · 2022: 31 · 2021: 15
- FWCI
- 16.71
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Locations
- BMC Pediatrics (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › COVID-19 and Mental Health
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Social Sciences › Safety Research › Social impacts of COVID-19
- Keywords
- COVID-19 quarantine, lockdown, child mental health, psychological distress, anxiety symptoms, mood symptoms, home-based learning, school closures, dietary habits, sleep habits, adolescents
- MeSH terms
- Psychological Distress, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Adolescent, Child, Communicable Disease Control, Humans, Italy, Quarantine, Surveys and Questionnaires
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