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Cited by 216Gestational Diabetes Research and ManagementBirth, Development, and HealthPregnancy and preeclampsia studies

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 178 of the 179 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Predictive and diagnostic biomarkers for gestational diabetes and its associated metabolic and cardiovascular diseases

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Lorenzo-Almorós, A., Hang, T., Peiró, C., Soriano-Guillén, L., Egido, J., Tuñón, J., Lorenzo, Ó.·2019·Cardiovascular Diabetology
DOI 10.1186/s12933-019-0935-9PMC PMC6820966
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Abstract

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is defined as the presence of high blood glucose levels with the onset, or detected for the first time during pregnancy, as a result of increased insulin resistance. GDM may be induced by dysregulation of pancreatic β-cell function and/or by alteration of secreted gestational hormones and peptides related with glucose homeostasis. It may affect one out of five pregnancies, leading to perinatal morbidity and adverse neonatal outcomes, and high risk of chronic metabolic and cardiovascular injuries in both mother and offspring. Currently, GDM diagnosis is based on evaluation of glucose homeostasis at late stages of pregnancy, but increased age and body-weight, and familiar or previous occurrence of GDM, may conditionate this criteria. In addition, an earlier and more specific detection of GDM with associated metabolic and cardiovascular risk could improve GDM development and outcomes. In this sense, 1st–2nd trimester-released biomarkers found in maternal plasma including adipose tissue-derived factors such as adiponectin, visfatin, omentin-1, fatty acid-binding protein-4 and retinol binding-protein-4 have shown correlations with GDM development. Moreover, placenta-related factors such as sex hormone-binding globulin, afamin, fetuin-A, fibroblast growth factors-21/23, ficolin-3 and follistatin, or specific micro-RNAs may participate in GDM progression and be useful for its recognition. Finally, urine-excreted metabolites such as those related with serotonin system, non-polar amino-acids and ketone bodies, may complete a predictive or early-diagnostic panel of biomarkers for GDM.

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Fig. 1 Predictive and diagnostic biomarkers for GDM pregnancies. GDM usually develops from the 2nd trimester of pregnancy in correlation with increased inflammation, insulin resistance, placental dysregulation and/or β-cell disruption, and can be detected at the 24th–28th week by evaluation of glucose homeostasis. However, some specific protein (blue lines), miRs (black lines) and metabolites (red lines) are released into the blood and/or urine from early stages of (complicated) pregnancies and could serve as biomarkers for GDM. In particular, RBP4, SHBG, afamin, FABP4, hs-PCR, adiponectin and several miRs (miR-16-5p, -17-5p, -20a-5p) could be tested at the beginning of pregnancies, mainly in women with risk factors (obesity, advanced aged, previous GDM). In addition, visfatin, fetuin-A, omentin, leptin, ficolin-3 and specific metabolites (i.e., AHBA, L-Tryp) may be useful for the mid-stage of gestation, and FGF-21, PAI-1, fetuin-B and follistatin, and other metabolites [Ceramide (d18:0/23:0), aspartame] could help GDM screening at the 3rd trimester. Then, early interventions on metabolic and cardiovascular abnormalities could attenuate associated post-parturition (perinatal, neonatal and chronic) disorders in women and offspring
Fig. 1 Predictive and diagnostic biomarkers for GDM pregnancies. GDM usually develops from the 2nd trimester of pregnancy in correlation with increased inflammation, insulin resistance, placental dysregulation and/or β-cell disruption, and can be detected at the 24th–28th week by evaluation of glucose homeostasis. However, some specific protein (blue lines), miRs (black lines) and metabolites (red lines) are released into the blood and/or urine from early stages of (complicated) pregnancies and could serve as biomarkers for GDM. In particular, RBP4, SHBG, afamin, FABP4, hs-PCR, adiponectin and several miRs (miR-16-5p, -17-5p, -20a-5p) could be tested at the beginning of pregnancies, mainly in women with risk factors (obesity, advanced aged, previous GDM). In addition, visfatin, fetuin-A, omentin, leptin, ficolin-3 and specific metabolites (i.e., AHBA, L-Tryp) may be useful for the mid-stage of gestation, and FGF-21, PAI-1, fetuin-B and follistatin, and other metabolites [Ceramide (d18:0/23:0), aspartame] could help GDM screening at the 3rd trimester. Then, early interventions on metabolic and cardiovascular abnormalities could attenuate associated post-parturition (perinatal, neonatal and chronic) disorders in women and offspringCC BY · PubMed Central

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Authors
Lorenzo-Almorós, A., Hang, T., Peiró, C., Soriano-Guillén, L., Egido, J., Tuñón, J., & Lorenzo, Ó.
Affiliations
  • Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz (ES)
  • Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (ES)
  • Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red Diabetes y Enfermedades Metabólicas Asociadas (ES)
  • Hospital Universitario Fundación Jiménez Díaz (ES)
Corresponding author
Lorenzo, Ó.
ORCID
Venue
Cardiovascular Diabetology
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2019-10-30
Volume
18
Issue
1
Pages
140-140
ISSN
1475-2840 (ISSN-L)
DOI
10.1186/s12933-019-0935-9
PMC
PMC6820966
OpenAlex
W2982430392
Cited by
202
References
179
Citations by year
2026: 19 · 2025: 33 · 2024: 35 · 2023: 31 · 2022: 24 · 2021: 29 · 2020: 27 · 2019: 2
FWCI
3.52
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Cardiovascular Diabetology (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • LA Referencia (Red Federada de Repositorios Institucionales de Publicaciones Científicas) (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
  • Hispana (submittedVersion)
  • Biblos-e Archivo (Universidad Autónoma de Madrid) (submittedVersion, public-domain)
Funders
Fondo de Investigación Sanitaria (ISC-III) and Fondo Europeo de Desarrollo Regional (FEDER). (PI17/01495)
Topics
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Gestational Diabetes Research and Management
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health › Birth, Development, and Health
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Obstetrics and Gynecology › Pregnancy and preeclampsia studies
Keywords
gestational diabetes mellitus, biomarkers, early diagnosis, insulin resistance, beta-cell dysfunction, adiponectin, visfatin, omentin-1, FABP4, retinol-binding protein 4, placental hormones, sex hormone-binding globulin, afamin, fetuin-A, fibroblast growth factor, ficolin-3, follistatin, microRNA, urinary metabolites, ketone bodies, serotonin, metabolic risk, cardiovascular risk, offspring outcomes
MeSH terms
Blood Glucose, Cardiovascular Diseases, Energy Metabolism, Female, Humans, Predictive Value of Tests, Pregnancy, Prognosis, Risk Factors, Biomarkers, Comorbidity, Diabetes, Gestational, Risk Assessment, MicroRNAs

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