Text message-based diabetes self-management support (SMS4BG): study protocol for a randomised controlled trial
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: Addressing the increasing prevalence, and associated disease burden, of diabetes is a priority of health services internationally. Interventions to support patients to effectively self-manage their condition have the potential to reduce the risk of costly and debilitating complications. The utilisation of mobile phones to deliver self-management support allows for patient-centred care at the frequency and intensity that patients desire from outside the clinic environment. Self-Management Support for Blood Glucose (SMS4BG) is a novel text message-based intervention for supporting people with diabetes to improve self-management behaviours and achieve better glycaemic control and is tailored to individual patient preferences, demographics, clinical characteristics, and culture. This study aims to assess whether SMS4BG can improve glycaemic control in adults with poorly controlled diabetes. This paper outlines the rationale and methods of the trial. METHODS/DESIGN: A two-arm, parallel, randomised controlled trial will be conducted across New Zealand health districts. One thousand participants will be randomised at a 1:1 ratio to receive SMS4BG, a theoretically based and individually tailored automated text message-based diabetes self-management support programme (intervention) in addition to usual care, or usual care alone (control). The primary outcome is change in glycaemic control (HbA1c) at 9 months. Secondary outcomes include glycaemic control at 3 and 6 months, self-efficacy, self-care behaviours, diabetes distress, health-related quality of life, perceived social support, and illness perceptions. Cost information and healthcare utilisation will also be collected as well as intervention satisfaction and interaction. DISCUSSION: This study will provide information on the effectiveness of a text message-based self-management support tool for people with diabetes. If found to be effective it has the potential to provide individualised support to people with diabetes across New Zealand (and internationally), thus extending care outside the clinic environment. TRIAL REGISTRATION: Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry: ACTRN12614001232628 .
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Interventions to support people in effectively self-managing their condition can potentially reduce costly, debilitating complications.
“Interventions to support people in effectively self-managing their condition can potentially reduce costly, debilitating complications [9,10].”
There is little evidence to support the effectiveness and desirability of cultural adaptation of SMS text message interventions and a lack of research into the cultural appropriateness of messages.
“However, there is little evidence to support the effectiveness and desirability of cultural adaptation of such interventions and a lack of research into the cultural appropriateness of messages [9].”
From British South Asian Patients’ Perspectives on the Relevance and Acceptability of Mobile Health Text Messaging to Support Medication Adherence for Type 2 Diabetes: Qualitative Study (2020) · cites this paper as [9]
The Background (page unavailable) describes culturally tailored SMS4BG versions and reports that a pilot found the programme culturally appropriate. The Discussion (page unavailable) says the programme’s effectiveness still requires a trial, but does not assess evidence for the effectiveness or desirability of cultural adaptation, or claim a lack of research into message appropriateness. Searches for those specific gaps found no supporting passage. (LLM, conf=0.72)
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- Authors
- Dobson, R., Whittaker, R., Jiang, Y., Shepherd, M., Maddison, R., Carter, K., Cutfield, R., McNamara, C., Khanolkar, M., & Murphy, R.
- Affiliations
- University of Auckland (NZ)
- Waitemata District Health Board (NZ)
- Auckland District Health Board (NZ)
- Corresponding author
- Dobson, Rosie
- ORCID
- Venue
- Trials
- Published
- 2016-04-02
- Volume
- 17
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 179-179
- ISSN
- 1745-6215 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4818933
- OpenAlex
- W2329626946
- Cited by
- 36
- References
- 49
- Citations by year
- 2025: 3 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 1 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 3 · 2017: 5 · 2016: 1
- FWCI
- 13.04
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Trials (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- ResearchSpace (University of Auckland) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- Health Research Council of New Zealand (14/724)
- Ministry of Health, New Zealand
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Mobile Health and mHealth Applications
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Education
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
- Keywords
- diabetes self-management support, text messaging, mobile health, glycemic control, HbA1c, uncontrolled diabetes, self-efficacy, diabetes distress, health-related quality of life, perceived social support, illness perception, health care utilization, cost-effectiveness, patient-centered care
- MeSH terms
- Blood Glucose, Clinical Protocols, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Glycated Hemoglobin, Humans, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, New Zealand, Patient Education as Topic, Quality of Life, Research Design, Risk Factors, Self Care, Time Factors, Biomarkers, Health Behavior, Treatment Outcome, Patient Satisfaction, Telemedicine, Cell Phone, Text Messaging
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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