Diabetes Text-Message Self-Management Support Program (SMS4BG): A Pilot Study
Open accessAbstract
BACKGROUND: The increasing prevalence of diabetes and costly long-term complications associated with poor glycemic control are issues facing health services worldwide. Diabetes self-management, with the support of health care providers, is critical for successful outcomes, however, frequent clinical contact is costly. Text messages via short message service (SMS) have the advantage of instant transmission at low cost and, given the ubiquity of mobile phones, may be the ideal platform for the delivery of diabetes self-management support. A tailored text message-based diabetes support intervention called Self-Management Support for Blood Glucose (SMS4BG) was developed. The intervention incorporates prompts around diabetes education, management, and lifestyle factors (healthy eating, exercise, and stress management), as well as blood glucose monitoring reminders, and is tailored to patient preferences and clinical characteristics. OBJECTIVE: To determine the usability and acceptability of SMS4BG among adults with poorly controlled diabetes. METHODS: Adults (aged 17 to 69 years) with type 1 (n=12) or type 2 diabetes (n=30), a hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) over 70 mmol/mol (8.6%), and who owned a mobile phone (n=42) were recruited to take part in a 3-month pilot study of SMS4BG. At registration, participants selected the modules they would like to receive and, where appropriate, the frequency and timing of blood glucose monitoring reminders. Patient satisfaction and perceptions of the usability of the program were obtained via semistructured phone interviews conducted at completion of the pilot study. HbA1c was obtained from patient records at baseline and completion of the pilot study. RESULTS: Participants received on average 109 messages during the 3-month program with 2 participants withdrawing early from the study. Follow-up interviews were completed with 93% of participants with all reporting SMS4BG to be useful and appropriate to their age and culture. Participants reported a range of perceived positive impacts of SMS4BG on their diabetes and health behaviors. HbA1c results indicated a positive impact of the program on glycemic control with a significant decrease in HbA1c from baseline to follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: A tailored text message-based intervention is both acceptable and useful in supporting self-management in people with poorly controlled diabetes. A randomized controlled trial of longer duration is needed to assess the efficacy and sustainability of SMS4BG.
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Cultural adaptation may reflect the nuances of language and cultural practices, so that health messages and services reflect their history, health beliefs and norms, social practices, and political and economic characteristics.
“Cultural adaptation may reflect the nuances of language and cultural practices, so that health messages and services reflect their history, health beliefs and norms, social practices, and political and economic characteristics [10-14].”
From Development of a Culturally Tailored Text Message Maternal Health Program: TextMATCH (2017) · cites this paper as [11]
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- Authors
- Dobson, R., Carter, K., Cutfield, R., Hulme, A., Hulme, R., McNamara, C., Maddison, R., Murphy, R., Shepherd, M., Strydom, J., & Whittaker, R.
- Affiliations
- University of Auckland (NZ)
- Waitemata District Health Board (NZ)
- Corresponding author
- Dobson, Rosie
- ORCID
- Venue
- JMIR mHealth and uHealth
- Publisher
- JMIR Publications Inc.
- Published
- 2015-03-25
- Volume
- 3
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- e32
- ISSN
- 2291-5222 (ISSN-L)
- PMC
- PMC4390615
- OpenAlex
- W2145295631
- Cited by
- 77
- References
- 19
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 1 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 12 · 2019: 9 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 10 · 2015: 4
- FWCI
- 21.94
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- gold
- doi.org
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- JMIR mhealth and uhealth (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
- Deakin Research Online (Deakin University) (submittedVersion)
- Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- Waitemata District Health Board
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Mobile Health and mHealth Applications
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Education
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diabetes Management and Research
- Keywords
- diabetes self-management, text messaging, mobile health, glycemic control, HbA1c, type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, diabetes education, lifestyle intervention, usability, acceptability, patient satisfaction, personalized interventions
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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