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Cited by 121Child Abuse and TraumaChild Welfare and AdoptionChild and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development

Child sexual abuse, poor parental care and adult depression: evidence for different mechanisms

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Hill, Jonathan, Pickles, Andrew, Burnside, Elizabeth, Byatt, Marie, Rollinson, Lynn, Davis, Rachel, Harvey, Katie·2001·British Journal of Psychiatry
DOI 10.1192/bjp.179.2.104
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Abstract

Background: Child sexual abuse (CSA) and poor parental care (neglect and institutional care) are associated with depression in adult life. Little is known about possible mechanisms underlying these associations. Aims: To examine the role of adult intimate-love relationships as differential mediators or moderators of the associations between CSA, poor parental care and adult depression. Method: Sampling was carried out in two phases. In the first, questionnaires were sent to women aged 25–36 years in five primary care practices. Second-phase subjects for interview ( n =198) were drawn from three strata defined on the basis of childhood adversities. Recalled childhood experiences and recent adult relationships and depression were assessed and rated independently. Frequencies of predictor and response variables, effect estimates and their confidence intervals were weighted back to the general population questionnaire sample. Results: The risk for depression associated with CSA was unaffected by quality of adult relationships, while the risk associated with poor parental care was substantially altered. Conclusions: There may be different pathways linking CSA and poor parental care to adult depression.

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  • Social factors such as early life adversity (abuse, parental neglect) are important and interacting elements of vulnerability to depression.

    “social factors such early life adversity (abuse, parental neglect) are important and interacting elements of vulnerability (Hill et al., 2001).”

    From Affective Cognition and its Disruption in Mood Disorders (2011) · cites this paper as Hill et al., 2001

  • Genetic predisposition accounts for 30-50% of the risk of depression.

    “Genetic predisposition accounts for 30-50% of the risk of depression”

    From Affective Cognition and its Disruption in Mood Disorders (2011) · cites this paper as Hill et al., 2001

  • Broader familial dysfunction including persistent emotional and physical neglect, family conflict, cold distant parent-child relationships, and harsh inconsistent discipline compromises cognitive and emotional development and increases risk for depression and anxiety disorders to a level comparable to abuse.

    “Broader forms of familial dysfunction including persistent emotional and physical neglect, family conflict, cold, distant parent-child relationships, and conditions of harsh, inconsistent discipline compromise cognitive and emotional development and increase the risk for depression and anxiety disorders to a level comparable to that for abuse.16-23”

    From Early life adversity and the epigenetic programming of hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal function (2014) · cites this paper as [20]

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Authors
Hill, J., Pickles, A., Burnside, E., Byatt, M., Rollinson, L., Davis, R., & Harvey, K.
Affiliations
  • University of Liverpool (GB)
  • University of Manchester (GB)
Corresponding author
Hill, Jonathan
ORCID
Venue
British Journal of Psychiatry
Publisher
Royal College of Psychiatrists
Published
2001-08
Volume
179
Issue
2
Pages
104-109
ISSN
  • 0007-1250 (ISSN-L)
  • 1472-1465
DOI
10.1192/bjp.179.2.104
OpenAlex
W2134719289
Cited by
121
References
35
Citations by year
2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 1 · 2023: 2 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 2 · 2019: 3 · 2018: 1 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 15 · 2014: 4 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 7
FWCI
7.10
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
www.cambridge.org/core/terms (unspecified, 5998 d)
Locations
  • The British Journal of Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Research Explorer (The University of Manchester) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
  • Social Sciences › Safety Research › Child Welfare and Adoption
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
Keywords
child sexual abuse, parental neglect, institutional care, adult depression, intimate relationships, mediation, moderation, childhood adversity, women, primary care
MeSH terms
Adult, Child, Child Abuse, Child, Preschool, Depressive Disorder, Female, Humans, Institutionalization, Interpersonal Relations, Love, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Risk Factors

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