Personality disorder and the outcome of depression: Meta-analysis of published studies
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Background: There is conflicting evidence about the influence of personality disorder on outcome in depressive disorders. Aims: Meta-analysis of studies in which a categorical assessment of personality disorder or no personality disorder was made in people with depressive disorders, and categorical outcome (recovered/not recovered) also determined. Method: Systematic electronic search of the literature for relevant publications. Hand searches of Journal of Affective Disorders and recent reviews, with subsequent meta-analysis of selected studies. Results: Comorbid personality disorder with depression was associated with a doubling of the risk of a poor outcome for depression compared with no personality disorder (random effects model OR=2.18, 95% C11.70–2.80), a robust finding maintained with only Hamilton-type depression criteria at outcome (OR=2.20, 95% C11.61–3.01). All treatments apart from electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) showed this poor outcome, and the ECT group was small. Conclusions: Combined depression and personality disorder is associated with a poorer outcome than depression alone.
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The presence of personality disorder is associated with poorer outcomes for treatment of depression.
“The presence of personality disorder is associated with poorer outcomes for treatment of depression [75]”
From The Prevalence of Mental Disorders among the Homeless in Western Countries: Systematic Review and Meta-Regression Analysis (2008) · cites this paper as [75]
People with a personality disorder are about twice as likely not to recover from a depressive episode as those without personality disorder.
“people with a personality disorder are approximately twice as likely not to recover from a de pressive episode as those with no personality disorder”
From Personality disorder: a new global perspective (2010) · cites this paper as [10]
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Lynch, T. R., Hempel, R. J., Whalley, B., Byford, S., Chamba, R., Clarke, P., Clarke, S., Kingdon, D., O’Mahen, H., Remington, B., et al. (2018) · Efficacy and Mechanism Evaluation · doi:10.3310/eme05070 · Cited by 22 · see citing works
Personality disorder and population mental health
Quirk, S. E., Williams, L. J., Chanen, A. M., & Berk, M. (2015) · The Lancet Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/s2215-0366(14)00144-8 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Fischer-Kern, M., Tmej, A., Naderer, A., Zimmermann, J., & Nolte, T. (2022) · Attachment & Human Development · doi:10.1080/14616734.2021.2015794 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Rosenbluth, M., MacQueen, G., McIntyre, R. S., Beaulieu, S., & Schaffer, A. (2012) · Annals of Clinical Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/104012371202400106 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
Kavanagh, B. E., Brennan-Olsen, S. L., Turner, A., Dean, O. M., Berk, M., Ashton, M. M., Koivumaa-Honkanen, H., & Williams, L. J. (2019) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2018-025145 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Comorbilidad depresiva en los trastornos de la personalidad
Vilaplana, M., Mckenney, K., Riesco, M. D., Autonell, J., & Cervilla, J. A. (2010) · Revista de Psiquiatría y Salud Mental · doi:10.1016/s1888-9891(10)70002-1 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
- Authors
- Newton-Howes, G., Tyrer, P., & Johnson, T.
- Affiliations
- MRC Biostatistics Unit (GB)
- Venue
- British Journal of Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Royal College of Psychiatrists
- Published
- 2006-01
- Volume
- 188
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 13-20
- ISSN
- 0007-1250 (ISSN-L)
- 1472-1465
- OpenAlex
- W2137435000
- Cited by
- 537
- References
- 71
- Citations by year
- 2026: 12 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 16 · 2023: 7 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 29 · 2020: 36 · 2019: 27 · 2018: 37 · 2017: 32 · 2016: 16 · 2015: 32 · 2014: 38 · 2013: 35 · 2012: 36
- FWCI
- 3.54
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- The British Journal of Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Disorders and Psychopathology
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Bipolar Disorder and Treatment
- Keywords
- personality disorders, depression, comorbidities, treatment outcomes, recovery, electroconvulsive therapy, Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, depressive disorders
- MeSH terms
- Antidepressive Agents, Depressive Disorder, Electroconvulsive Therapy, Humans, Personality Disorders, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Treatment Outcome
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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