Lifetime and 12-month prevalence of mental disorders in the Nigerian Survey of Mental Health and Well-Being
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Background: Large-scale community studies of the prevalence of mental disorders using standardised assessment tools are rare in sub-Saharan Africa. Aims: To conduct such a study. Method: Multistage stratified clustered sampling of households in the Yoruba-speaking parts of Nigeria. Face-to-face interviews used the World Mental Health version of the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (WMH-CIDI). Results: Of the 4984 people interviewed (response rate 79.9%), 12.1% had a lifetime rate of at least one DSM–IV disorder and 5.8% had 12-month disorders. Anxiety disorders were the most common (5.7% lifetime, 4.1% 12-month rates) but virtually no generalised anxiety or post-traumatic stress disorder were identified. Of the 23% who had seriously disabling disorders, only about 8% had received treatment in the preceding 12 months. Treatment was mostly provided by general medical practitioners; only a few were treated by alternative practitioners such as traditional healers. Conclusions: The observed low rates seem to reflect demographic and ascertainment factors. There was a large burden of unmet need for care among people with serious disorders.
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The largest epidemiological survey from Nigeria estimates the lifetime prevalence of mental, neurological and substance use disorders at 12.1%.
“The largest epidemiological survey from Nigeria estimates the lifetime prevalence of mental, neurological and substance use (MNS) disorders at 12.1%.”
From Sustainable financing mechanisms for strengthening mental health systems in Nigeria (2019) · cites this paper as [16]
The Prevalence section reports a 12.1% lifetime rate for the disorders assessed. The Method section lists anxiety, mood and substance use disorders, but not neurological disorders, so the paper does not support presenting 12.1% as the prevalence of all mental, neurological and substance use disorders. The paper calls this the first large-scale community study of mental disorders in sub-Saharan Africa, rather than establishing that it was Nigeria’s largest epidemiological survey. Page numbers are unavailable in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured21.8 million Nigerians are at risk of developing a mental disorder at some point in their lifetime.
“21.8 million Nigerians are at risk of developing a mental disorder at some point in their lifetime”
From Sustainable financing mechanisms for strengthening mental health systems in Nigeria (2019) · cites this paper as [16]
The Results (page not specified) report that 12.1% of 4,984 respondents had experienced at least one DSM-IV disorder during their lifetime. The paper does not give a figure of 21.8 million Nigerians, and lifetime prevalence describes disorders already experienced rather than a future risk of developing one. (LLM, conf=0.85)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured10.4 million Nigerians may be suffering from at least one mental disorder in any given year.
“10.4 million Nigerians may be suffering from at least one mental disorder in any given year.”
From Sustainable financing mechanisms for strengthening mental health systems in Nigeria (2019) · cites this paper as [16]
The Results report that 5.8% of respondents had a disorder in the preceding 12 months, supporting the claim’s annual-prevalence point. The Methods say the respondents were adults sampled mainly from Yoruba-speaking areas covering about 22% of Nigeria’s population. The paper does not give the claimed estimate of 10.4 million Nigerians, and its survey population does not directly establish a nationwide count. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredTwenty-three percent had serious and disabling disorders, out of whom only 8% had received treatment in the preceding 12 months.
“Twenty-three percent (23%) had serious and disabling disorders, out of whom only 8% had received treatment in the preceding 12 months [16].”
From Sustainable financing mechanisms for strengthening mental health systems in Nigeria (2019) · cites this paper as [16]
Results indicate that 5.8% had a 12-month prevalence of a mental disorder.
“Results indicate that 5.8% had a 12-month prevalence of a mental disorder.”
From Sustainable financing mechanisms for strengthening mental health systems in Nigeria (2019) · cites this paper as [16]
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- Authors
- Gureje, O., Lasebikan, V. O., Kola, L., & Makanjuola, V. A.
- Affiliations
- University of Ibadan (NG)
- University College Hospital, Ibadan (NG)
- Corresponding author
- Gureje, Oye
- Venue
- British Journal of Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Royal College of Psychiatrists
- Published
- 2006-05
- Volume
- 188
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 465-471
- ISSN
- 0007-1250 (ISSN-L)
- 1472-1465
- OpenAlex
- W2142658238
- Cited by
- 363
- References
- 32
- Citations by year
- 2026: 12 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 19 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 18 · 2020: 19 · 2019: 20 · 2018: 20 · 2017: 21 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 17 · 2014: 30 · 2013: 25 · 2012: 15
- FWCI
- 20.23
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Locations
- The British Journal of Psychiatry (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- World Health Organization
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Migration, Health and Trauma
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Health Information Management › Global Health and Epidemiology
- Keywords
- mental illness, prevalence, lifetime prevalence, 12-month prevalence, anxiety disorders, DSM-IV disorders, unmet mental health needs, psychotherapy, traditional healers, sub-Saharan Africa, Composite International Diagnostic Interview
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Anxiety Disorders, Mental Disorders, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Nigeria, Patient Acceptance of Health Care, Prevalence, Mood Disorders, Substance-Related Disorders
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