Reciprocal associations between smoking cessation and depression in older smokers: Findings from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing
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Background: Depression is a particular problem in older people and it is important to know how it affects and is affected by smoking cessation. Aims: To identify reciprocal, longitudinal relationships between smoking cessation and depression among older smokers. Method: Across four waves, covering six years (2002–2008), changes in smoking status and depression, measured using the 8-item Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, were assessed among recent ex-smokers and smokers (n = 2375) in the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing. Results: In latent growth curve analysis, smoking at baseline predicted depression caseness longitudinally and vice versa. When both processes were modelled concurrently, depression predicted continued smoking longitudinally (B(β) = 0.21 (0.27); 95% CI = 0.08–0.35) but not the other way round. This was the case irrespective of mental health history and adjusting for a range of covariates. Conclusions: In older smokers, depression appears to act as an important barrier to quitting, although quitting has no long-term impact on depression.
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In older smokers, quitting smoking had no impact on depression.
“However, in a longitudinal study in older smokers, quitting smoking had no impact on depression [11].”
From Depression and smoking cessation: evidence from a smoking cessation clinic with 1-year follow-up (2017) · cites this paper as [11]
In older smokers, level of depression predicted continued smoking.
“In older smokers (not all of whom were attempting to quit), level of depression predicted continued smoking [11]”
From Depression and smoking cessation: evidence from a smoking cessation clinic with 1-year follow-up (2017) · cites this paper as [11]
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Self-citationDepression and smoking cessation: evidence from a smoking cessation clinic with 1-year follow-up
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- Authors
- Shahab, L., Gilchrist, G., Hagger-Johnson, G., Shankar, A., West, E., & West, R.
- Affiliations
- King's College London (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Shahab, Lion
- Venue
- British Journal of Psychiatry
- Publisher
- Royal College of Psychiatrists
- Published
- 2015-09
- Volume
- 207
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 243-249
- ISSN
- 0007-1250 (ISSN-L)
- 1472-1465
- PMC
- PMC4678946
- OpenAlex
- W2097028454
- Cited by
- 29
- References
- 38
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 2 · 2019: 2 · 2018: 2 · 2017: 3 · 2016: 6 · 2015: 3
- FWCI
- 3.40
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Locations
- The British Journal of Psychiatry (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Greenwich Academic Literature Archive (University of Greenwich) (acceptedVersion)
- Research Portal (King's College London) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- Cancer Research UK (14135)
- Medical Research Council (MR/K023195/1)
- Economic and Social Research Council (ES/G007489/1)
- National Institute on Aging (R01AG017644)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Smoking Behavior and Cessation
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine › Cardiac Health and Mental Health
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Mental Health Treatment and Access
- Keywords
- smoking cessation, depression, older smokers, bidirectional relationship, smoking status, mental health in ageing, English Longitudinal Study of Ageing
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Depressive Disorder, England, Female, Humans, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Mental Health, Middle Aged, Prognosis, Smoking Cessation
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