Cited by 178Lipid metabolism and biosynthesisDiet, Metabolism, and DiseaseDietary Effects on Health

Cysteine supplementation reverses methionine restriction effects on rat adiposity: Significance of stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase

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Elshorbagy, Amany K., Valdivia-Garcia, Maria, Mattocks, Dwight A.L., Plummer, Jason D., Smith, A. David, Drevon, Christian A., Refsum, Helga, Perrone, Carmen E.·2011·Journal of Lipid Research

Abstract

Stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1 (SCD1) is a key enzyme in fatty acid and energy metabolism, but little is known about its nutritional regulation. Dietary methionine restriction in rats decreases hepatic Scd1 mRNA and protein, increases energy expenditure, and decreases fat-pad mass/body-weight% (FM/BW%). In humans, plasma concentrations of the methionine product, cysteine, are associated with obesity. To determine which consequences of methionine-restriction are mediated by decreased cysteine availability, we monitored obesity-related variables in 4 dietary groups for 12 weeks: control-fed (CF), methionine-restricted (MR), MR supplemented with 0.5% l-cysteine (MR+Cys) and CF+Cys rats. MR lowered weight gain and FM/BW% despite higher food intake/weight than CF, and lowered serum cysteine. Hepatic Scd1 expression was decreased, with decreased serum SCD1 activity indices (calculated from serum fatty acid profile), decreased serum insulin, leptin and triglycerides, and higher adiponectin. Cysteine supplementation (MR+Cys) essentially reversed all these phenotypes and raised serum cysteine but not methionine to CF levels. Adding extra cysteine to control diet (CF+Cys) increased serum taurine but did not affect serum cysteine, lipids, proteins, or total weight gain. FM/BW% and serum leptin were modestly decreased. Our results indicate that anti-obesity effects of MR are caused by low cysteine and that dietary sulfur amino acid composition contributes to SCD1 regulation.

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Authors
Elshorbagy, A. K., Valdivia-Garcia, M., Mattocks, D. A. L., Plummer, J. D., Smith, A. D., Drevon, C. A., Refsum, H., & Perrone, C. E.
Affiliations
  • University of Oxford (GB)
  • Orentreich Foundation for the Advancement of Science (US)
  • University of Oslo (NO)
Corresponding author
Elshorbagy, Amany K.
Venue
Journal of Lipid Research
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2011-01
Volume
52
Issue
1
Pages
104-112
ISSN
0022-2275 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W1985118273
Cited by
177
References
57
Citations by year
2026: 4 · 2025: 10 · 2024: 9 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 21 · 2020: 24 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 4 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 12 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 11
FWCI
4.34
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Journal of Lipid Research (publishedVersion, cc-by)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion, cc-by-sa)
Funders
  • Norges Forskningsråd
  • Direktør Throne Holsts Fond For Ernæringsforskning
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biochemistry › Lipid metabolism and biosynthesis
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism › Diet, Metabolism, and Disease
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Dietary Effects on Health
Keywords
cysteine supplementation, methionine restriction, stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1, adiposity, obesity, fat mass, sulfur-containing amino acids, energy expenditure, leptin, adiponectin, taurine, dietary fat
MeSH terms
Animals, Body Weight, Cysteine, Male, Methionine, Rats, Inbred F344, Stearoyl-CoA Desaturase, Taurine, Adiposity, Rats, Adipokines

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